Objective: To analyze the epidemilogical and seasonal characteristics of foodborne Salmonella-associated diarrhea among children aged 0-6 years in Guizhou Province from 2016 to 2023, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods: Data were extracted from the Foodborne Disease Survellance System for cases reported between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2023. The incidence, seasonal characteristics, and peak periods were analyzed by the method of concentration and circular distribution. Results: A total of 6 434 cases of diarrhea in children aged 0-6 years were collected, and 455 cases of Salmonella were detected, with a positive detection rate of 7.07%. Salmonella typhimurium was the main serotype causing diarrhea (59.34%). The peak of the disease was from May 3 to September 30, with certain seasonal characteristics. The highest detection rate was found in children aged 1-3 years (8.66%). Among food types, the positive detection rates of Salmonella were relatively high in other foods (17.39%), fruits and their products (10.22%), infant and toddler foods (10.09%), and aquatic animals and their products (9.80%). The processing and packaging methods of food were mainly home-made (9.38%) and bulk food (7.54%). Conclusions The detection rate of Salmonella in children aged 0-6 years is high in Guizhou Province, with strong seasonal characteristics. The detection rates of other foods, fruits and their products, infant and toddler foods, and aquatic animals and their products are high. Enhanced pathogen surveillance for susceptible populations and high-risk foods, coupled with public health education during summer/autumn, is recommended.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) on gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with constipation. METHODS: A total of 80 PD patients with constipation were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. Additionally, 40 healthy individuals were recruited as a healthy control group. The control group received conventional Western medical treatment for PD combined with polyethylene glycol (PEG), once daily for eight weeks. The observation group received additional ACE treatment at bilateral Tianshu (ST25), Zusanli (ST36), and Shangjuxu (ST37), once every two weeks for eight weeks. The healthy control group received no intervention. The spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) per week and patient assessment of constipation quality of life (PAC-QOL) scores were assessed at baseline and after treatment in the two groups. Fecal samples were collected at the end of treatment for the observation and the control groups and at baseline for the healthy control group. Gut microbiota composition and diversity were analyzed using 16S rRNA method, and SCFA levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the observation group showed a significant increase in SBMs (P<0.01), and PAC-QOL scores including physical discomfort, psychosocial discomfort, worry and concern, and total score were significantly reduced (P<0.01) after treatment; the control group also showed a reduction in PAC-QOL total score after treatment (P<0.01). After treatment, the observation group had significantly more SBMs (P<0.01), and lower PAC-QOL physical discomfort, psychosocial discomfort, worry and concern scores, and total score (P<0.01), and higher PAC-QOL satisfaction score (P<0.01) than the control group. Compared with the healthy control group, the control group showed decreased Chao1 and Ace indices (P<0.01). Compared with the healthy control group, the relative abundance of Prevotella and Roseburia was increased (P<0.05), while that of Enterobacter and Ruminococcus torques (six species in total) was decreased (P<0.05) in the control group. Compared with the control group, the observation group had increased relative abundance of Dialister, Parabacteroides, and Ruminococcus torques (P<0.05), and decreased relative abundance of Prevotella and Eubacterium ruminantium (P<0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, the control group had increased fecal SCFA levels (P<0.05); compared with the control group, the observation group had reduced fecal SCFA levels (P<0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid levels were elevated in the control group (P<0.05); compared with the control group, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid levels were decreased in the observation group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION ACE could increase spontaneous bowel movements and improve the quality of life in PD patients with constipation, which may be related to the regulation of gut microbiota composition and SCFA levels.
Humans ; Constipation/metabolism* ; Male ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Acupuncture Points ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease/complications* ; Aged ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism* ; Catgut ; Feces/microbiology* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Quality of Life ; Adult

The armadillo repeat containing 5 (ARMC5) gene is part of a family of protein-coding genes that are rich in armadillo repeat sequences, are ubiquitously present in eukaryotes, and mediate interactions between proteins, playing roles in various cellular processes. Current research has demonstrated that reduced expression or absence of the ARMC5 gene in various tumor tissues can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation, thereby inducing a range of diseases. The ARMC5 gene was initially extensively studied in the context of bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease (BMAD), with harmful pathogenic variants in ARMC5 identified in approximately 50% of BMAD patients. With advancing research, scientists have discovered that ARMC5 pathogenic variants may also have potential effects on other diseases and could be associated with increased susceptibility to certain cancers. This review aims to present the latest research progress on how the ARMC5 gene plays its role in tumors. It outlines the basic structure of ARMC5 and the regions where it functions, as well as the diseases currently proven to be associated with ARMC5. Moreover, some evidence suggests its relation to embryonic development and the regulation of immune system activity. In conclusion, the ARMC5 gene is a crucial focal point in genetic and medical research. Understanding its function and regulation is of great importance for the development of new therapeutic strategies related to diseases associated with its pathogenic variants.
Humans ; Neoplasms/genetics* ; Armadillo Domain Proteins/genetics* ; Animals ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics* ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics*

In recent years, prone mechanical ventilation has been widely used to improve oxygenation dysfunction in critically ill patients. During prone mechanical ventilation, the patient's face is compressed for a long time, and due to the difficulty in changing, facial pressure injuries and ocular complications are common and severe. These complications increase patient discomfort, reduce their tolerance and compliance with prone ventilation, and even cause tracheal tube displacement or dislodgement, leading to significant clinical challenges. In order to change this situation, the medical staff of the department of critical care medicine of the Second People's Hospital of Hengshui and the department of critical care medicine of Harrison International Peace Hospital had developed an adjustable facial support pad for prone ventilation, and obtained a National Utility Model Patent of China (ZL 2022 2 3295294.4). The device is composed of a facial support platform, a supporting telescopic foot frame and so on. There are front, back, left and right adjustable tracks below the support cushion platform, which can be adjusted to the best state suitable for the patient's face shape, which can alleviate the facial pressure injuries and ocular complications caused by the different sizes of each patient's face, improve the patient's comfort, and reduce the incidence of facial pressure injury and the occurrence of ocular complications of the patient. The height of the platform is adjusted by the telescopic feet, and there is a hook assembly below, which can be fixed by the clamp of the ventilator tubing, so as to prevent the ventilator tubing from pulling the endotracheal intubation due to the gravity of condensation, resulting in the displacement or even prolapse of the tracheal intubation, and reducing the occurrence of adverse events of tracheal intubation. It is worth promoting in the clinic.
Humans ; Respiration, Artificial/methods* ; Prone Position ; Equipment Design ; Face

To explore the scoring level and related factors of autoimmune disease-related skin ulcers by collecting data from multiple centers, and to provide ideas and references for targeted intervention measures and management plans for clinical medical and nursing staff.

Objective To investigate the effects of perineal massage combined with hip joint exercise on the outcome of delivery and mental resilience of primipara.Methods 90 pregnant women in the third trimester(after 36 weeks)who obtained the knowledge about perineal massage from midwife clinic were randomly divided into two groups with 45 cases each.The control group received regular antenatal examination and family self-exercise;the experimental group received perineal massage and hip joint training combined treatment.The delivery outcome,birth experience and maternal mental resilience of the two groups were compared.Results the number of vaginal delivery in the experimental group were higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the second stage of labor was significantly shorter than that of the control group(P<0.05);the perineal integrity rate was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the scores of all dimensions in delivery experience questionnaire were higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the scores of all dimensions in maternal mental resilience were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05)after intervention.Conclusion The perineal massage which conducted by midwives combined with hip movement can effectively improve the quality of delivery,relieve the negative emotions of pregnant women,improve the psychological elasticity level of pregnant women,and improve the delivery outcomes.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of LEARNS model combined with video health education in patients undergoing painless gastrointestinal endoscopy.Methods:From February 2021 to November 2022, convenience sampling was used to select 128 patients who underwent painless gastrointestinal endoscopy at the Endoscopy Center of Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University as research subjects. A total of 64 patients admitted from February to December 2021 served as control group, while 64 patients admitted from January to November 2022 served as observation group. Control group patients received routine health education, while observation group was treated with LEARNS model combined with video health education on the basis of control group. The degree of cooperation, psychological state, and satisfaction with health education were compared between two groups of patients.Results:The proportion of patients in observation group who actively cooperated was higher than that in control group, and there was a statistically significant difference in the degree of cooperation between the two groups ( P<0.05). Thirty minutes before and after the endoscopy, the scores of both subscales of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The satisfaction scores of observation group patients with health education in all dimensions were higher than those of control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:LEARNS model combined with video health education can effectively improve the cooperation of patients undergoing painless gastrointestinal endoscopy, alleviate their pre-examination anxiety, and enhance their satisfaction with health education, which is worthy of clinical practice.

Objective To explore the dynamic changes in cerebral hemodynamics in patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery(MCA)occlusion after superficial temporal artery(STA)-MCA bypass surgery.Methods One hundred and nine patients diagnosed with unilateral MCA occlusion by DSA who underwent STA-MCA bypass surgery were retrospectively included in the Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University.Clinical data of patients were collected within 24 hours after admission,including age,sex,body mass index,stroke risk factors including hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,smoking,drinking history and atrial fibrillation,clinical manifestations(within the last 6 months;nonspecific symptoms[dizziness,memory loss,unresponsiveness,etc.],transient ischemic attack,and stroke),blood biochemical markers(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride,total cholesterol,fasting blood glucose,and hypersensitive C-reactive protein),and National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)score at admission.Color Doppler ultrasound(CDU)and transcranial color coded Doppler(TCCD)ultrasound were used to evaluate the hemodynamic parameters of STA before and at different periods after surgery(4-7 days and 1,3,6,12 months after surgery)to analyze the patency of bypass arteries and intracranial hemodynamic changes,and to check the consistency of the results of the bridge artery patency at 12 months postoperatively by CDU and DSA,consistency test was performed.According to the results of the DSA examination 12months after surgery,the patients were divided into the bypass artery patency group and the non-patency group(stenosis or occlusion).The hemodynamic parameters at the trunk of STA,namely the extracranial segment,transcranial,and intracranial part of the bypass arteries,were compared between the two groups.It included inner diameter(D),peak systolic velocity(PSV),end-diastolic velocity(EDV),resistance index(RI),pulsation index(PI),time-averaged mean velocity(TAMV),time-averaged peak velocity(TAPV),and calculated flow of the STA trunk including TAMV flow and TAPV flow.Head CT,CT angiography(CTA)above the aortic arch,and CT perfusion(CTP)of the whole brain were performed 1 to 3 days before surgery and 12 and 18 months after surgery to observe the changes in cerebral perfusion.Head CT was performed 1 to 2 days after the operation to observe whether there were new hemorrhagic and ischemic lesions in the operative area.the CTP parameters of the two groups were compared including 12 and 18 months after the operation with 1 to 3 days before the surgery,and the differences in CTP parameters between the two groups were compared.The modified Rankin scale(mRS)was used to evaluate the neurological function prognosis of the patients at 12 and 18 months after surgery.The mRS score 2 was divided into a good prognosis and mRS score≥3 was a poor prognosis.NIHSS score of the patients was recorded 7 days,12,and 18 months after surgery.Results(1)Consistency analysis of CDU and DSA:the consistency of the assessment of bypass artery patency was excellent at 12 months after surgery,and the Kappa value was 0.94(95％CI 0.81-1.00,P＜0.01).According to DSA,101 cases(92.7％)were in bypass artery patency group,while 8 cases(7.3％)in the non-patency group(no case of occluded bridge vessel was found),and the sites of stenosis in the bypass arteries were all located in the transcranial segment.(2)Hemodynamic parameters:compared with the preoperative results,the D of the extracranial segment increased on 4-7 days and 1,3,6,and 12 months after the operation(Wald x2=30.438).Hemodynamic parameters included increased blood velocity such as PSV,EDV,TAMV,and TAPV(Waldx2 was 12.117,29.310,31.075 and 17.525,respectively)and blood flow including TAMV flow and TAPV flow(Wald x2 was 54.503 and 34.986,respectively)increased,while RI and PI values were decreased(Waldx2 was 112.568 and 103.629,respectively),and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in hemodynamic parameters in the non-patency group at 12 months after operation(all P＞0.05).Compared with 4-7 days after surgery,PSV(252.0[206.8,315.3]cm/s vs.102.5[84.0,119.0]cm/s)and EDV(119.5[106.3,159.8]cm/s vs.43.5[36.8,52.0]cm/s)in the non-patency group were significantly higher at the cranial entrance 12 months after surgery(both P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in RI and PI values(both P＞0.05).Compared with 4-7 days after surgery,the blood flow parameters of STA intracranial segment,including PSV(29.4[24.8,41.4]cm/s vs.111.5[63.3,120.0]cm/s),EDV(19.7[15.2,22.2]cm/s vs.58.5[28.3,70.0]cm/s)and PI(0.55[0.42,0.63]vs.0.83[0.61,0.90])values in the non-patency group at 12 months after surgery were significantly decreased(all P＜0.05).(3)CTP parameters:the relative cerebral blood flow(rCBF)of the patency group increased at 12 and 18 months after surgery compared to preoperative levels,while relative cerebral blood volume(rCBV),relative peak time(rTTP)and relative mean transit time(rMTT)decreased,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).At 12 and 18 months after operation,rCBF increased,while rMTT decreased in the non-patency group(both P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference as for rCBV and rTTP.The rTTP of the patency group at 12 and 1 8 months was lower than that of the non-patency group(12 months after surgery:1.14[1.06,1.15]vs.1.20[1.14,1.28],P=0.024;1 8 months after surgery:1.14[1.06,1.15]vs.1.20[1.14,1.28],P=0.023),but there was no statistical significance for other parameters between the two groups(all P＞0.05).(4)NIHSS score and prognosis:clinical follow-up results 18 months after the operation showed that no new stroke occurred during the follow-up period.The NIHSS scores in the patency group and the non-patency group were remarkably lower at 7 days,12,and 18 months after surgery than at admission(patency group:2[0,4],1[0,2],0[0,2]vs.3[0,6],respectively;the non-patency group:3[1,5],3[1,6],2[1,6]vs.4[1,7],respectively),with significant differences(all P＜0.05);However,the NIHSS scores in the patency group were significantly lower than that in the non-patency group at 12 and 18 months after surgery,and the proportion of patients with good prognosis in the patency group was substantially higher than that in the non-patency group(12months:87.1％[88/101]vs.4/8,P=0.039;18 months:90.1％[91/101]vs.4/8,P=0.025).Conclusion CDU can quantitatively evaluate the hemodynamic changes of bypass arteries after the STA-MCA bypass procedure,which can be applied to the long-term dynamic follow-up after the surgery.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of monosialotetrahexosyl ganglioside(GM1)combined with recombinant human erythropoietin(rhEPO)in treating neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)and its influence on inflammatory factors and neurological function.Methods A total of 78 neonates with HIE admitted to the Department of Neonatology of Nanyang Central Hospital from June 2017 to June 2020 were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into the control group(n=39)and the observation group(n=39)by random number table method.All neonates were given routine treatment,including oxygen inhalation,maintenance of water,electrolyte and acid-base balance,control of convulsions and intracranial pressure,and moderate and severe HIE neonates were given mild hypothermia therapy on this basis.Neonates in the control group were given rhEPO 200 IU·kg-1 via subcutaneous injection on the basis of routine treatment,3 times a week.Neonates in the observation group were given GM1 20 mg intravenously once a day on the basis of the treatment of the control group.Seven days were taken as one course of treatment,and four courses of continuous treatment were taken.Moderate and severe HIE neonates were treated for 1-3 courses additionally according to their condition.The total effective rate of the two groups after treatment was compared.The neurological function of neonates in the two groups was evaluated by neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA)before,14 and 28 days after the treatment.The interleukin-6(IL-6),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)and neuron specific enolase(NSE)in the serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before,14 and 28 days after the treatment.Results The total effective rate of treatment in the control group and the observation group was 69.23％(27/39)and 94.87％(37/39),respectively;the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(x2=8.705,P=0.003).The total effective rate of treatment for mild HIE neonates in both groups was 100％.The total effective rate of moderate and severe HIE neonates in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(x2=4.843,3.898,P=0.028,0.048).There was no significant difference in NBNA scores between the two groups before treatment(P＞0.05).The NBNA scores of neonates in the two groups were significantly higher on the 14 and 28 days after treatment(P＜0.05).The NBNA scores of the two groups were significantly higher on the 28 day after treatment than those on the 14 day after treatment(P＜0.05).The NBNA scores of the neonates in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group on the 14 and 28 days after treatment(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in serum ICAM-1,IL-6,TNF-α,HIF-1α and NSE levels between the two groups before treatment(P＞0.05).The serum ICAM-1,IL-6,TNF-α,HIF-1α and NSE levels in the two groups on the 14 and 28 days after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05);the levels of serum ICAM-1,IL-6,TNF-α,HIF-1α and NSE in the two groups were significantly lower on the 28 day after treatment than those on the 14 day after treatment(P＜0.05).On the 14 and 28 days after treatment,the serum ICAM-1,IL-6,TNF-α,HIF-1α and NSE levels of the neonates in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion GM 1 combined with rhEPO in the treatment of neonatal HIE can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors,serum HIF-1α and NSE,and promote the recovery of neurological function,with significant effects.

Objective:To explore the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH)on learning and memory dysfunc-tion in rats,as well as the expression of high mobility group box-1(HMGB1)and nuclear transcription factor-KB(NF-κB)in the hippocampus region.Methods:The CIH rat model was established,and forty SD rats were randomly divid-ed into four groups:normoxia group,hypoxia for 4 weeks group(CIH4 group),hypoxia for 8 weeks group(CIH8 group),and hypoxia for 12 weeks group(CIH12 group).Morris water maze was used to assess the learning memory ability of rats,and immunohistochemistry and ELISA were used to detect the expression of HMGB1 and NF-κB in the hippocampus of rats.Results:Compared with the normoxia group,the CIH12 and CIH8 groups had longer escape la-tency,the number of crossing the platform and the residence time in the quadrant of the platform were significantly shortened,but there was no significant difference in the CIH4 group.Additionally,there was no significant expression of HMGB1 and NF-κB in the hippocampal region of the normoxia group,but little expression was observed in CIH4 group,and significantly expressed in CIH8 group and CIH12 group,and the expression of CIH12 group was significantly higher than that of CIH8 group.Conclusion:CIH can lead to a decline in learning and memory function in rats,and the longer time of intermittent hypoxia led to the more significant effect on their learning and memory function.In addi-tion,CIH also leads to increased expression levels of HMGB1 and NF-κB in the hippocampus region,and the expres-sion increased more significantly after hypoxia for 12 weeks,comparing to hypoxia for 8 weeks.