Fang Yizhi broke through the bondage of"Taoism"of Song Confucianism and creatively put his"circle ∴"thought into the study of Gewu-zhizhi which is the core topic of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties.Thus,a unique study of"Gewu-zhizhi"is constructed.It has formed a unique academic system which covered knowledge and morality,metaphysics and physics.On this basis,two research fields of"Zhice"and"Tongji"are proposed.There have two inspirations for the inheritance and development of TCM:firstly,facing the strong impact of Western medicine,we should rationally learn from the advantages of Western medicine in the field of"Zhice"and promote the inheritance and reform of contemporary TCM;Secondly,facing the medical crisis of Western medicine,TCM should actively develop its advantages in the field of"Tongji"and contribute to the current transformation of Western medical model.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Fang Yizhi broke through the bondage of"Taoism"of Song Confucianism and creatively put his"circle ∴"thought into the study of Gewu-zhizhi which is the core topic of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties.Thus,a unique study of"Gewu-zhizhi"is constructed.It has formed a unique academic system which covered knowledge and morality,metaphysics and physics.On this basis,two research fields of"Zhice"and"Tongji"are proposed.There have two inspirations for the inheritance and development of TCM:firstly,facing the strong impact of Western medicine,we should rationally learn from the advantages of Western medicine in the field of"Zhice"and promote the inheritance and reform of contemporary TCM;Secondly,facing the medical crisis of Western medicine,TCM should actively develop its advantages in the field of"Tongji"and contribute to the current transformation of Western medical model.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective: To investigate whether melatonin (MT) secretion in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) exhibits seasonal variations and its correlation with immune regulation. Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control and model groups, and the pineal gland was removed in the model group. Stomach, jejunum, ileum, and colon tissues were obtained during the spring equinox, summer solstice, beginning of autumn, autumn equinox, and winter solstice. The levels of MT, MT receptors (MR), arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the GIT were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Except for the stomach, the jejunum, ileum, and the colon showed seasonal tendencies in MT secretion. In the control group, MT secretion in the jejunum and ileum was the highest in the long summer, and colonic MT secretion was the highest in winter. In the model group, MT levels in the colon were highest in the summer. The seasonal rhythms of the MR, AANAT, HIOMT, IL-2, and IL-10 in the colon were roughly similar to those of MT, and changed accordingly after pinealectomy. Conclusions Gastrointestinal MT secretion is related to seasonal changes, and MT secretion in each intestinal segment is influenced by different seasons. The biological effects of MT in the gut are inextricably linked to the mediation of MR, and a hormone-receptor linkage exists between MT and MR. The effect of seasonal changes on the gastrointestinal immune system may be mediated through the regulation of seasonal secretion of MT.

Objective:To explore the differences in clinical and injured vertebra radiological parameters between patients with non-traumatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) and those with traumatic OVCF after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 369 OVCF patients (with 458 vertebrae injured) who had been treated by PVP at Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Luhe Hospital between October 2015 and March 2017. There were 292 females and 77 males with a mean age of 73 (60, 79) years. Based on the absence or presence of a trauma history, the patients were stratified into a non-traumatic group (127 patients with 160 vertebrae injured) and a traumatic group (242 patients with 298 vertebrae injured). Clinical parameters [age, gender, body mass index, symptomatic duration, and number of injured vertebrae, visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), duration of follow-up, and rate of new OVCFs] and injured vertebra radiological parameters (position of injured vertebra, fracture type, compression severity, fracture range, cortical defect, intravertebral cleft, spinal canal compromise, basivertebral foramen, morphology of bone cement, range of bone cement, cement leakage, cement volume, rate of vertebral height restoration, recollapse of cemented vertebrae) were recorded perioperatively. All the clinical and radiological parameters were compared between the 2 groups.Results:Compared with the traumatic group, the non-traumatic group had an older age [75 (71, 83) years versus 71 (65, 76) years], more females (85.0% versus 76.0%), a longer symptomatic duration [10.0 (7.0, 15.0) d versus 6.5 (2.0, 12.0) d], a lower preoperative VAS pain score [7 (6, 8) points versus 7 (7, 8) points], a lower VAS pain score at postoperative day 1 [2 (2, 3) points versus 2 (2, 3) points], a lower preoperative ODI [66% (63%, 72%) versus 70% (65%, 73 %)], a lower ODI at postoperative day 1 [32% (30%, 34%) versus 32% (31%, 34%)], a higher rate of new OVCFs during follow-up (34.6% versus 12.8%), a lower rate of thoracolumbar lesions (51.9% versus 70.1%), more deformed fractures (mostly amphicoelous type), a lower rate of cortical defects in the anterior wall (20.0% versus 31.5%), a higher rate of trabecular pattern of cement (83.1% versus 71.8%), a higher rate of type-B cement leakage (50.6% versus 31.9%), a lower rate of type-C cement leakage (5.6% versus 12.8%), a lower rate of recollapse of cemented vertebrae (43.8% versus 55.4%). All the comparisons above were statistically significant ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the other clinical or radiological parameters ( P>0.05). Conclusions:There are statistically significant differences in a significant number of clinical and injured vertebra radiological parameters between patients with non-traumatic OVCF and those with traumatic OVCF after PVP. It is noteworthy that non-traumatic OVCFs are one specific subgroup of OVCFs.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between 3D morphological parameters of aneurysms based on the computer-assisted semi-automated measurement and the risk of aneurysm rupture.Methods From October 2019 to October 2022,patients with ruptured multiple aneurysms admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were retrospectively included.Aneurysmal morphological parameters(including aneurysmal diameter,maximum diameter,width,neck width,volume,flow angle,parental artery diameter,surface area,wave index and non-spherical index)were measured by computer-assisted semi-automated measurement methods.The length-to-width ratio,wide-to-neck ratio,aspect ratio and size ratio were calculated,and the aneurysm location information was recorded.The ruptured aneurysms in multiple aneurysms were included in the ruptured group,and the remaining aneurysms were included in the unruptured group.Uni variable analysis and binary Logistic analysis were used to evaluate the differences in morphological parameters and location information between the ruptured and unruptured groups.Results All 56 patients with multiple ruptured aneurysms and a total of 126aneurysms were included in the group for analysis.Concerning morphology,including diameter＞5 mm(51.8％[29/56]vs.15.7％[11/70],P＜0.01),maximum diameter＞6mm(57.1％[32/56]vs.25.7％[18/70],P＜0.01),flow angle＞107°(57.1％[32/56]vs.35.7％[25/70],P=0.016),wide-to-neck ratio＞1.1(50.0％[28/56]vs.30.0％[21/70],P=0.022),aspect ratio＞1.1(46.4％[26/56]vs.25.7％[18/70],P=0.015)and size ratio＞1.9(57.1％[32/56]vs.10.0％[7/70],P＜0.01),there was significant difference between the ruptured and unruptured group;Concerning locations,aneurysms are mainly located in the posterior communicating segment of the internal carotid artery(39.3％[22/56])and the middle cerebral artery(23.2％[13/56])in ruptured group,while in the middle cerebral artery(28.6％[20/70])and the non-posterior communicating segment of internal carotid artery(27.1％[19/70])in unruptured group,and there was significant difference in distribution of aneurysm locations(P=0.003).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that size ratio＞1.9 was an independent risk factor for aneurysm rupture(OR,11.62,95％CI 2.40-56.15;P=0.002).Concerning locations,posterior communicating artery aneurysms had a significantly higher risk of rupture compared with the non-posterior communicating segment of internal carotid artery(OR,19.25,95％CI 2.19-169.51;P=0.008).Conclusion For multiple intracranial aneurysms,the size ratio of the three-dimensional morphological parameters of aneurysms＞1.9 is an independent risk factor for aneurysm rupture,and the rupture risk of posterior communicating artery aneurysms is significantly higher than that of non-posterior communicating segment of internal carotid artery.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of bare stent implantation alone and stent assisted coiling in the repair of isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (ISMAD) false lumen.Methods:Clinical data of 50 patients with ISMAD who underwent endovascular treatment between December 2012 and March 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Depending on the endoluminal treatment methods, they were divided into the bare stent implantation alone group (29 cases) and the stent assisted coiling group (21 cases), and the rates of complete postoperative dissection remodeling, stent restenosis, and symptom recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results:The rates of complete remodeling of the dissection in the immediate postoperative period, 3 months and 6 months in the bare stent placement alone group were 13.8% (4/29), 51.7% (15/29) and 75.9% (22/29), respectively, which were lower than that of the stent assisted coiling group 71.4% (15/21), 85.7% (18/21), and 100% (21/21), and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=17.17, 6.27, 4.06 respectively, and P=0.001, 0.012, 0.044 respectively). While the rates of complete remodeling of the dissection were 82.8%(24/29), 100%(21/21) in the two groups at 12 months after surgery, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2=2.34, P=0.126). There was no significant difference in stent patency rate and symptom recurrence rate between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The efficacy of bare stent implantation alone and stent assisted coiling in the treatment of ISMAD is definite. Although the rate of complete remodeling of the dissection with bare stent placement alone is low in the short term, the rate of complete remodeling of the dissection with bare stent implantation alone gradually increases with the extension of time, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Combining with the currently applied psychology teaching mode of medical colleges and universities, regarding the core curriculum, abnormal psychology, as the object, we have explored the new teaching mode of graduate students majoring in applied psychology based on massive open online courses (MOOC), and promoted the fusion of classroom theory teaching, hospital practice, and MOOC course, so as to guide teaching reform of applied psychology and improve the quality of personnel training.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of female breast cancer patients with different human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)in Xinjiang. Methods The rela-tionships between the expressions and clinical pathology and prognosis of 1,912 female breast cancer patients with HER-2A were retrospectively analysed. Results Distant metastasis rate,3-year overall survival(OS)and 3-year progression-free survival(PFS)in the HER-2 positive breast cancer patients were all significantly higher than in the HER-2 negative breast cancer patients(P<0.05).3-year OS in the patients with targeted therapy patients was higher than in those without targeted therapy among those HER-2 positive patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that HER-2,endocrine therapy,chemotherapy and targeted therapy were the independent prognostic factors of OS and PFS. Vessel tumor thrombus,tumor diameter,lymph node conditions were the independent prognostic factors of OS and race was the independent prognostic factor of PFS. Conclusion The main type of breast cancer in Xin-jiang is invasive ductal carcinoma,with a positive rate of HER-2 expression 30.9%.A younger age trend comes up in diagnosis.HER-2 status,endocrine therapy,chemotherapy and targeted therapy may provide important informa-tion for the prognosis of breast cancer.Race is the independent prognostic factor of PFS.