Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion(TLIF)and oblique lateral interbody fusion(OLIF)combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation in treating degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods This retrospective analysis included 65 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University's Department of Spine Surgery from January 2021 to February 2023.Patients were divided into two groups based on the surgical method:30 patients underwent OLIF combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation,and 35 patients underwent TLIF combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation.Perioperative outcomes(surgical time,intraoperative blood loss,etc.)were assessed,along with pre-and post-operative evaluations using the Visual Analog Scale(VAS)for back pain,the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI),the Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score,the modified Macnab criteria,and radiological parameters(intervertebral disc height,foraminal height,lumbar lordosis angle,fusion segment lordosis angle,and vertebral slip rate).Results Both groups of patients completed a 6-month follow-up.The intraoperative blood loss in the OLIF group was(57.79±11.54)ml,and the postoperative hospital stay was(5.85±0.94)days,while in the TLIF group,the values were(150.57±29.68)ml and(6.76±1.13)days,respectively.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The VAS score,ODI index,and JOA score on the 3rd postoperative day in the OLIF group were(1.50±0.61)points,(17.06±2.92)％,and(12.06±2.90)points,respectively,while in the TLIF group,they were(2.05±0.72)points,(26.41±3.38)％,and(10.24±2.68)points.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The intervertebral space height and foramen height on the 3rd postoperative day in the OLIF group were(14.43±1.50)mm and(23.87±1.41)mm,respectively,while in the TLIF group,they were(13.66±1.12)mm and(23.14±1.39)mm.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).At 3 months postoperatively,the intervertebral space height and foramen height in the OLIF group were(13.42±1.41)mm and(23.34±1.33)mm,while in the TLIF group,they were(12.63±1.33)mm and(22.42±1.40)mm.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in VAS score,ODI index,JOA score,modified Macnab criteria score,intervertebral space height,or foramen height at 6 months postoperatively(all P＞0.05).From the 3rd postoperative day to 6 months,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in lumbar lordosis angle,segmental lordosis angle,or vertebral slippage rate(all P＞0.05).Conclusion OLIF combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation may provide better short-term perioperative outcomes,particularly in terms of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative pain control,compared to TLIF.However,there were no significant differences in short-term outcomes between the two methods.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion(TLIF)and oblique lateral interbody fusion(OLIF)combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation in treating degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods This retrospective analysis included 65 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University's Department of Spine Surgery from January 2021 to February 2023.Patients were divided into two groups based on the surgical method:30 patients underwent OLIF combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation,and 35 patients underwent TLIF combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation.Perioperative outcomes(surgical time,intraoperative blood loss,etc.)were assessed,along with pre-and post-operative evaluations using the Visual Analog Scale(VAS)for back pain,the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI),the Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score,the modified Macnab criteria,and radiological parameters(intervertebral disc height,foraminal height,lumbar lordosis angle,fusion segment lordosis angle,and vertebral slip rate).Results Both groups of patients completed a 6-month follow-up.The intraoperative blood loss in the OLIF group was(57.79±11.54)ml,and the postoperative hospital stay was(5.85±0.94)days,while in the TLIF group,the values were(150.57±29.68)ml and(6.76±1.13)days,respectively.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The VAS score,ODI index,and JOA score on the 3rd postoperative day in the OLIF group were(1.50±0.61)points,(17.06±2.92)％,and(12.06±2.90)points,respectively,while in the TLIF group,they were(2.05±0.72)points,(26.41±3.38)％,and(10.24±2.68)points.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The intervertebral space height and foramen height on the 3rd postoperative day in the OLIF group were(14.43±1.50)mm and(23.87±1.41)mm,respectively,while in the TLIF group,they were(13.66±1.12)mm and(23.14±1.39)mm.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).At 3 months postoperatively,the intervertebral space height and foramen height in the OLIF group were(13.42±1.41)mm and(23.34±1.33)mm,while in the TLIF group,they were(12.63±1.33)mm and(22.42±1.40)mm.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in VAS score,ODI index,JOA score,modified Macnab criteria score,intervertebral space height,or foramen height at 6 months postoperatively(all P＞0.05).From the 3rd postoperative day to 6 months,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in lumbar lordosis angle,segmental lordosis angle,or vertebral slippage rate(all P＞0.05).Conclusion OLIF combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation may provide better short-term perioperative outcomes,particularly in terms of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative pain control,compared to TLIF.However,there were no significant differences in short-term outcomes between the two methods.

Objective To explore the dynamic changes in cerebral hemodynamics in patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery(MCA)occlusion after superficial temporal artery(STA)-MCA bypass surgery.Methods One hundred and nine patients diagnosed with unilateral MCA occlusion by DSA who underwent STA-MCA bypass surgery were retrospectively included in the Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University.Clinical data of patients were collected within 24 hours after admission,including age,sex,body mass index,stroke risk factors including hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,smoking,drinking history and atrial fibrillation,clinical manifestations(within the last 6 months;nonspecific symptoms[dizziness,memory loss,unresponsiveness,etc.],transient ischemic attack,and stroke),blood biochemical markers(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride,total cholesterol,fasting blood glucose,and hypersensitive C-reactive protein),and National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)score at admission.Color Doppler ultrasound(CDU)and transcranial color coded Doppler(TCCD)ultrasound were used to evaluate the hemodynamic parameters of STA before and at different periods after surgery(4-7 days and 1,3,6,12 months after surgery)to analyze the patency of bypass arteries and intracranial hemodynamic changes,and to check the consistency of the results of the bridge artery patency at 12 months postoperatively by CDU and DSA,consistency test was performed.According to the results of the DSA examination 12months after surgery,the patients were divided into the bypass artery patency group and the non-patency group(stenosis or occlusion).The hemodynamic parameters at the trunk of STA,namely the extracranial segment,transcranial,and intracranial part of the bypass arteries,were compared between the two groups.It included inner diameter(D),peak systolic velocity(PSV),end-diastolic velocity(EDV),resistance index(RI),pulsation index(PI),time-averaged mean velocity(TAMV),time-averaged peak velocity(TAPV),and calculated flow of the STA trunk including TAMV flow and TAPV flow.Head CT,CT angiography(CTA)above the aortic arch,and CT perfusion(CTP)of the whole brain were performed 1 to 3 days before surgery and 12 and 18 months after surgery to observe the changes in cerebral perfusion.Head CT was performed 1 to 2 days after the operation to observe whether there were new hemorrhagic and ischemic lesions in the operative area.the CTP parameters of the two groups were compared including 12 and 18 months after the operation with 1 to 3 days before the surgery,and the differences in CTP parameters between the two groups were compared.The modified Rankin scale(mRS)was used to evaluate the neurological function prognosis of the patients at 12 and 18 months after surgery.The mRS score 2 was divided into a good prognosis and mRS score≥3 was a poor prognosis.NIHSS score of the patients was recorded 7 days,12,and 18 months after surgery.Results(1)Consistency analysis of CDU and DSA:the consistency of the assessment of bypass artery patency was excellent at 12 months after surgery,and the Kappa value was 0.94(95％CI 0.81-1.00,P＜0.01).According to DSA,101 cases(92.7％)were in bypass artery patency group,while 8 cases(7.3％)in the non-patency group(no case of occluded bridge vessel was found),and the sites of stenosis in the bypass arteries were all located in the transcranial segment.(2)Hemodynamic parameters:compared with the preoperative results,the D of the extracranial segment increased on 4-7 days and 1,3,6,and 12 months after the operation(Wald x2=30.438).Hemodynamic parameters included increased blood velocity such as PSV,EDV,TAMV,and TAPV(Waldx2 was 12.117,29.310,31.075 and 17.525,respectively)and blood flow including TAMV flow and TAPV flow(Wald x2 was 54.503 and 34.986,respectively)increased,while RI and PI values were decreased(Waldx2 was 112.568 and 103.629,respectively),and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in hemodynamic parameters in the non-patency group at 12 months after operation(all P＞0.05).Compared with 4-7 days after surgery,PSV(252.0[206.8,315.3]cm/s vs.102.5[84.0,119.0]cm/s)and EDV(119.5[106.3,159.8]cm/s vs.43.5[36.8,52.0]cm/s)in the non-patency group were significantly higher at the cranial entrance 12 months after surgery(both P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in RI and PI values(both P＞0.05).Compared with 4-7 days after surgery,the blood flow parameters of STA intracranial segment,including PSV(29.4[24.8,41.4]cm/s vs.111.5[63.3,120.0]cm/s),EDV(19.7[15.2,22.2]cm/s vs.58.5[28.3,70.0]cm/s)and PI(0.55[0.42,0.63]vs.0.83[0.61,0.90])values in the non-patency group at 12 months after surgery were significantly decreased(all P＜0.05).(3)CTP parameters:the relative cerebral blood flow(rCBF)of the patency group increased at 12 and 18 months after surgery compared to preoperative levels,while relative cerebral blood volume(rCBV),relative peak time(rTTP)and relative mean transit time(rMTT)decreased,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).At 12 and 18 months after operation,rCBF increased,while rMTT decreased in the non-patency group(both P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference as for rCBV and rTTP.The rTTP of the patency group at 12 and 1 8 months was lower than that of the non-patency group(12 months after surgery:1.14[1.06,1.15]vs.1.20[1.14,1.28],P=0.024;1 8 months after surgery:1.14[1.06,1.15]vs.1.20[1.14,1.28],P=0.023),but there was no statistical significance for other parameters between the two groups(all P＞0.05).(4)NIHSS score and prognosis:clinical follow-up results 18 months after the operation showed that no new stroke occurred during the follow-up period.The NIHSS scores in the patency group and the non-patency group were remarkably lower at 7 days,12,and 18 months after surgery than at admission(patency group:2[0,4],1[0,2],0[0,2]vs.3[0,6],respectively;the non-patency group:3[1,5],3[1,6],2[1,6]vs.4[1,7],respectively),with significant differences(all P＜0.05);However,the NIHSS scores in the patency group were significantly lower than that in the non-patency group at 12 and 18 months after surgery,and the proportion of patients with good prognosis in the patency group was substantially higher than that in the non-patency group(12months:87.1％[88/101]vs.4/8,P=0.039;18 months:90.1％[91/101]vs.4/8,P=0.025).Conclusion CDU can quantitatively evaluate the hemodynamic changes of bypass arteries after the STA-MCA bypass procedure,which can be applied to the long-term dynamic follow-up after the surgery.

Abstract To investigate the curative effects of modified submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection(STER) and endoscopic submucosal resection(ESE) in the treatment of paracardial submucosal tumors. Eighty-four patients with paracardial submucosal tumors diagnosed through digestive endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography signed informed consent forms, and they were randomly divided into observation group(n=42) and control group(n=42) with the help of the table of random numbers. Patients in the control group received ESE treatment. Patients in the observation group received modified STER surgery.The operation time, average hospitalization time and treatment cost of patients in STER group were(61.32±32.01) min,(8.11±2.42) d and(21.7±3.4) thousand Chinese Yuan respectively, which were better than those in ESE group(87.63±34.09) min,(10.05±2.84) d and(25.9±3.9) thousand Chinese Yuan. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The average number of titanium clips used in the observation group was(5.00±1.37), and in the control group the average number was(4.68±1.25). The difference was not statistically significant. In the STER group, there were 2 cases of intraoperative perforation and 1 case of delayed bleeding. In the ESE group, there were 4 cases of intraoperative perforation and 3 cases of intraoperative uncontrollable bleeding. The incidence of postoperative complications in the STER group was lower than that in the ESE group. The postoperative pathological examination revealed that in both groups the tumors were mostly stromal tumor and leiomyoma. A few of the patients were suffering from lipomas and schwannomas. There was no significant difference in terms of the pathological composition of the patients between the two groups.

Objective To investigate the transmission of blaNDM-1 gene in carbapenem-resistant Citrobacter freundii. Methods A total of 18 strains of NDM-1-producing C. freundii were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University during the period from June 2012 to October 2014. The isolates were identified and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing with VITEK 2 System. Conjugation experiments, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Southern blot hybridization were performed to determine the transferability of plasmids. Results The antibiotic susceptibility results showed that all the NDM-1-producing C. freundii isolates were resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems. All isolates exhibited different level resistance to other antibiotics. Conjugation experiments revealed that the plasmids harboring blaNDM-1 in 13 strains were transformed into E. coli 600, and exhibited carbapenem resistance. PFGE and Southern blot hybridization found that blaNDM-1 was located on a 33.3 kb plasmid in 16 isolates and on 33.3-54.7 kb plasmid in 2 isolates. Conclusions Our findings suggest that plasmids contribute to the horizontal dissemination of blaNDM-1 gene in carbapenemresistant C. freundii.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of carotid endarterectomy ( CEA) for the treatment of patients with dolichoarteriopathies of internal carotid artery combined with carotid artery severe stenosis. Methods From January 2013 to February 2018,the clinical data of 18 consecutive patients with dolichoarteriopathy of internal carotid artery combined with carotid artery severe stenosis admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent color Doppler ultrasound,CT angiography (CTA),and DSA to assess the diseased vessels before operation,and blood perfusion of the cerebral hemisphere was evaluated by CT perfusion (CTP) imaging. Six patients of Metz grade Ⅱ and 4 of grade Ⅲ underwent valgus CEA +excision of the redundant internal carotid arteries;8 patients of Metz grade I were treated with standard CEA. Postoperative cervical vascular ultrasound,CTA,and CTP examinations were performed in order to understand the vascular patency of the surgery and correction of dolichoarteriopathies of internal carotid artery. The follow-up time was 6 to 72 months. The color Doppler flow imaging and CTA were used to assess the presence or absence of restenosis and MRI was used to evaluate the presence of new cerebral infarction. Results All 18 patients were successfully operated, and they had good vascular patency after operation. The Postoperative CTA showed that the distorted blood vessels had been straightened to varying degrees for ten patients who underwent valgus CEA treatment and the plaques were removed satisfactorily without stenosis for 8 patients treated with standard CEA. After operation,one patient developed sublingual nerve injury symptoms,which was improved after 3 months. One patient developed mild hyperperfusion syndrome,which was improved after 2 weeks. No patients died. Follow-up reexamination showed that all patients had no carotid artery restenosis and new stroke events. Conclusions CEA is a safe and effective treatment for patients with internal carotid artery dolichoarteriopathy combined with severe carotid stenosis. According to the characteristics of the lesions evaluated before surgery, surgical methods should be selected reasonably.

Objective To understand the fluorescence pattern of antinuclear antibody(ANA)and the distribution of target anti-gen and ANA′s impact on rheumatoid arthritis(RA)RA.Methods The data of rheumatoid factor(RF)and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies(anti-CCP antibodies)and ANA of 860 RA patients during 2014-2015 were collected and divided into 2 groups according to the ANA levels.The differences of RF and anti-CCP antibodies level between 2 groups were analyzed.Analyzed the fluorescence pattern of RA merger ANA and the distribution of target antigen by statistical.Results Of the 860 RA patients,the positive rate of ANA was 37.6%,the major fluorescence pattern of RA merger ANA was speckled pattern,anti SSA positive rate was 21.7%.The RF and anti-CCP antibodies level had statistical difference between ANA positive group and ANA negative group (P <0.05).Conclusion RA merger ANA positive can show different fluorescence patterns and target antigen,the speckled pattern and anti-SSA positive are the main pattern.The severity of arthritis symptoms and the degree of bone destruction between ANA positive group and ANA negative group were difference.Anti-ANA positive has a certain promoting effect on the progression of RA disease.

Objective To investigate the surgical efficacy for the treatment of ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms with different dome projections in acute phase via supraorbital lateral approach.Methods From January 2014 to March 2017,the clinical data of 79 patients with acute ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm with different dome projections in acute phase treated via supraorbital lateral approach in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed.The operative efficacy was analyzed.The Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score was used to evaluate the prognosis at 3-36 months after procedure.Results In the 79 patients,34 were superior dome projections,37 was inferior dome projections,and 8 were complicated dome projections.All the anterior communicating artery aneurysms were successfully clipped.The patients were followed up for 3-36 months after procedure.GOS showed good prognosis in 70 cases (88.6％),of which 26 were superior dome projections,36 were inferior dome projections,and 8 were complicated dome projections;9 suffered mild disability (11.4％),of which 8 were superior dome projections and 1 was inferior dome projection.There were no severe disability,persistent vegetative state,and death.The prognosis in patients with inferior dome projection was better than that of superior dome projection (97.3％ [36/37] vs.76.5％ [26/34]).The difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.19,P<0.05).Conclusions The lateral supraorbital approach is an effective option for treating ruptured ACoAA with different dome projections in acute phase.The prognosis in patients with inferior dome projection is better than that of superior dome projection.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of nonimmunocompromised patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).Methods The clinical data of 11 nonimmunocompromised patients diagnosed as ABPA from June 2010 to December 2015 in Zhejiang Jinhua People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.SPSS 18.0 was used for analysis.Results Among 11 patients with ABPA, Five were males and 6 were females, with an average age of (49.3 ±11.0) years.All patients had cough, expectoration and wheezing;cough and tan sputum in 4 cases, bloody sputum in 3 cases, fever in 2 cases and chest pain in 2 cases.In auscultation dry rales were heard in all patients , and limited wet rales were heard in 3 cases.The peripheral blood leukocyte counts were elevated in 5 patients [11.7(10.3-13.5) × 109/L)] and the eosinophils counts were increased in 9 patients [1.79(0.09-7.63) ×109/L].The total IgE was elevated to 3640(1329-9430) IU/mL.Skin prick test was positive ( grade 3 to 5) in 10 cases, Aspergillus fumigatus specific IgE increased to 23.6(1.75-67.30) kU/L in 6 cases, Aspergillus fumigatus specific IgG raised to 83.3(51-126) mg/L in 5 cases.Chest CT showed patchy, punctate exudation in 8 cases, central bronchiectasis in 9 cases, bronchial mucosal plug formation in 4 cases, and atelectasis in 1 case.Mediastinal lymph nodes were found in 2 cases.All 11 patients were treated with glucocorticoid hormone, and 8 patients were also received itraconazole oral solution for treatment.After treatment, the clinical symptoms were improved rapidly.Conclusion Nonimmunocompromised patients with ABPA have no specific clinical manifestations , and often are misdiagnosed as asthma , which is worth the attention of clinicians.

CMTM family is silenced and down-regulated in several kinds of tumors.Its aberrant expression has a strong association with the development,progression and metastasis of tumors.Thus,CMTM family is potential tumor suppressor genes.Epigenetics mechanism is the essential mechanism of the aberrant expression in this gene family.The discovery of this research gives a new direction to the clinical treatment of tumor.