AIM To screen the material basis for Rhei Radix et Rhizoma on improving human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVECs)injury before and after carbonization.METHODS The HPLC fingerprints were established,after which difference analysis was performed by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.The LPS-induced HUVECs injury model was established,then NO,MDA levels and SOD activity were detected.Gray correlation analysis and partial least squares regression were adopted in the investigation of spectrum-effect relationship,and active constituents were screened.RESULTS There were 22 and 20 common peaks in the fingerprints for 17 batches of raw products and carbonized products,respectively,along with the similarities of more than 0.8.Twelve main difference components were observable,among which gallic acid,5-hydroxymethylfurfural,catechin,aloe rhodopsin-8-O-β-D-glucoside,rhubarbic acid-8-O-β-D-glucoside and sennosides A were identified.The carbonized products demonstrated stronger effect on improving HUVECs injury than the raw product.The correlations of common peaks were more than 0.5 in the fingerprints for raw products and carbonized products,and peaks 3,5,11,12,15,19,23 exhibited significant effects on their efficacy(VIP values＞1).CONCLUSION This accurate,reliable and reproducible method can provide a basis for clarifying the material basis for hemostatic efficacy of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and its carbonized product.

Yanchi Tan sheep,a specialty of Ningxia,China,is famous for its excellent meat quality,but the detailed mechanisms of its muscle development and meat quality formation are still unclear.In or-der to preliminarily investigate the unique molecular mechanisms in the muscle development of the sheep,the present study was carried out to collect the longest dorsal muscle(LDM)samples from 6-month-old and 12-month-old female Tan sheep,and we screened the genes and long non-coding RNA(lncRNAs)that may play important roles in regulating the muscle development and meat quality formation through transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq).The results showed that a total of 504 mRNAs and 1,483 lncRNAs were detected between the two groups of LDMs,with significant differences(P＜0.05).And we also pre-dicted 103 potential lncRNA-mRNA cis-regulatory relationship pairs with significant differences(P＜0.05).Skeletal muscle development-related genes such as MSTN,CDKN1A,FHL1 and skeletal muscle metabolism-related genes such as LPL and SCD were subsequently screened based on the functional anal-ysis of differentially expressed mRNA.Based on the functional analysis of differentially expressed lncRNA target genes,13 lncRNAs potentially related to muscle development(LNC.17926.1,LNC.981.1,LNC.16284.1,etc.)and 8 lncRNAs potentially related to skeletal muscle metabolism(LNC.15496.1,LNC.18149.1,etc.)were identified.5 lncRNAs and 4 mRNAs expressed in both groups were randomly selected for qPCR validation experiments,and their results were consistent with RNA-seq,which corrob-orated with the reliability of the sequencing results.This study lays a solid foundation for future investiga-tions of muscle development,meat quality formation mechanism and molecular breeding in Tan sheep,and provides a scientific basis for improving the meat production performance of other domestic sheep breeds.

Sesamol is a fat-soluble natural polyphenol compound found in sesame seeds and sesame oil,which is widely used in food.Sesamol can effectively scavenge free radicals in the body,reduce oxidative stress,and protect cells from damage,therefore it plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovas-cular disease,cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.It has been widely studied for its various pharma-cological functions such as antioxidant,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,neuroprotective,cardioprotec-tive,immunomodulatory and antitumor.In recent years,sesamol,as a safe and non-toxic chemical sub-stance,has received extensive attention in the field of tumor research and is expected to be used as a clinical drug for tumor therapy in the future.In this paper,through the collection and analysis of relevant literature on sesamol at home and abroad,we reviewed the biological functions of sesamol in antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,regulating energy metabolism,cardiovascular protection,and neuropro-tection,etc.as well as its mechanism of action.Furthermore,this review also focused on the role of ses-amol in regulating cellular energy metabolism,inducing apoptosis,blocking the cell cycle,modifying ep-igenetic modifications,promoting cellular autophagy,inhibiting angiogenesis,reducing the tolerance of chemotherapeutic drugs,and so on.In addition,this paper also focused on the anti-tumor effects of sesa-mol by regulating cell energy metabolism,inducing cell apoptosis,modulating epigenetic modification,promoting cell autophagy,inhibiting angiogenesis,and reducing the tolerance of chemotherapeutic drugs,etc.This review aims to provide a new theoretical basis for the development of tumor therapeutic drugs.

This study was aimed at identifying the pathogenic bacteria responsible for the death of a young tiger at the Fujian Meihua Mountain South China Tiger Breeding Research Institute.Tissue samples from the lungs,liver,and intestines of the deceased tiger were collected,and the bacteria were cultured inasterile environment.The bacterial strains were characterized according to their morphological and molecular biological properties,including assessment of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes,mouse lethality tests,and antibiotic susceptibility evaluations.A predominant bacterial strain isolated from the liver of the deceased tiger was identified as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)strain Tiger22513F.Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that the Tiger22513F strain exhibited close genetic similarity to the reference strain ETEC(MF919609.1),with 99.9%nucleotide similarity,and resided on the same evolutionary branch.The Tiger22513F strain contained 11 antibiotic resistance genes(tetA,sul1,sul3,cmlA,floR,blaTEM,blaSHV,blaCMY-2,qnrA,qnrS,and qnrD)along with five virulence genes(VT1,fyuA,tsh,iucD,and ST).Mouse lethality tests indicated significant pathogenicity toward mice,affecting primarily the lungs,liver,and intestines.Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated that this strain exhibited resistance to various classes of beta-lactam antibiotics,as well as quinolones and aminoglycosides.This investigation successfully isolated a multi-drug resistant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain with pronounced pathogenicity from the liver of a deceased tiger;thus providing valuable scientific insights for clinical diagnosis,as well as prevention and control measures,against ETEC infections in South China tigers.

Objective To observe the effect of a Jianpi Huayu Jiedu formula on the NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis pathway in gastric precancerous lesion(GPL)associated with Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection.Methods A GPL mouse model was prepared using Hp suspension gavage combined with Atp4a gene-deficient mice.The Jianpi Huayu Jiedu formula was administered as an intervention.Gastric mucosal tissue pathological damage was observed using hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.The presence of intestinal metaplasia(IM)was assessed using Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid Schiff(AB-PAS)staining.Ultrastructural changes in cell organelles were observed using transmission electron microscopy.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to measure levels of gastrin-17(G-17),pepsinogen I(PGI),and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.The expression of molecules related to the pyroptosis pathway was detected using Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR).Results Compared to the control group,Hp-related GPL mice exhibited gastric mucosal atrophy accompanied by IM and dysplasia.Damage to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in parietal cells was observed.Levels of G-17,PGI,and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 were elevated.The expression of molecules related to the pyroptosis pathway was increased.The Jianpi Huayu Jiedu formula significantly reduced gastric mucosal tissue pathological damage in GPL mice,decreased G-17 and PGI levels,mitigated inflammatory responses,and downregulated the expression of molecules related to the pyroptosis pathway.Conclusion The Jianpi Huayu Jiedu formula may exert its effects by inhibiting the NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis signaling pathway,thereby alleviating or even reversing the pathological damage of gastric mucosa in Hp-related GPL.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of tislelizumab combined with platinum-based drugs in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. Eighty-six patients with clinical stage Ⅳ NSCLC in Huaibei People's Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected as the study subjects, and the patients were divided into the control group and the observation group based on the randomized numerical table method, with 43 cases in each group. The control group was treated with platinum-based drugs, the observation group was treated with platinum-based drugs combined with tislelizumab, and all patients were treated for 4-6 cycles. The two groups were compared in terms of therapeutic efficacy, serum tumor markers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 soluble fragment (CYFRA21-1) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125)] detected by chemiluminescence method, serum immune function indicators [CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 + cell ratios and CD4 + cell number-to-CD8 + cell number ratio (CD4 +/CD8 +)] detected by flow cytometry, and quality of life [European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) quality of life measurement scale (QLQ-C30) scores in functional domain and symptom domain], and incidence of adverse reactions. Results:The differences in baseline data of age, gender, degree of tumor differentiation, pathological type, lesion location, programmed death receptor ligand 1 expression between the observation group and the control group were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). After treatment, the objective remission rates in the observation and control groups were 34.9% (15/43) and 18.6% (8/43), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 2.91, P = 0.088); the disease control rate in the observation group was 74.4% (32/43), which was higher than that in the control group [51.2% (22/43)], and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.98, P = 0.026). The differences in the serum levels of CEA, CYFRA21-1 and CA125 between the observation group and the control group before treatment were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05); the serum levels of CEA, CYFRA21-1 and CA125 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after treatment, and the differences were all statistically significant (all P < 0.01). The differences in the CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 + cell ratios and CD4 +/CD8 + between the observation group and the control group before treatment were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05); the CD3 +, CD4 + cell ratios and CD4 +/CD8 + in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, the CD8 + cell ratio was lower than that in the control group after treatment, and the differences were all statistically significant (all P < 0.01). Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of EORTC QLQ-C30 functional domain and symptom domain between the observation group and the control group (both P > 0.05); after treatment, the functional domain score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, the symptom domain score was lower than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.01). The incidence rates of skin itching, rash and diarrhea in the observation group were 23.3% (10/43), 20.9% (9/43) and 48.8% (21/43), respectively, which were higher than those in the control group [4.7% (2/43), 2.3% (1/43) and 27.9% (12/43)], and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Tislelizumab combined with platinum-based drugs in advanced NSCLC patients can enhance the short-term efficacy, reduce serum tumor marker levels, and improve the immune function and quality of life of the patients, but it will increase the occurrence of skin and digestive tract adverse reactions.

Objective:To investigate the differences in respiratory work load and oxygenation index improvement between intermittent sighing and progressive lung retraction strategies in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)related to lung collapse.Methods:Sixty patients with ARDS related to lung collapse admitted from January 2020 to January 2024 were selected and divided into intermittent sighing group(IS group,n=30)and progressive lung re-expansion group(PLR group,n=30)according to different treatment methods.The IS group used an intermittent sighing ventilation mode,while the PLR group adopted a progressive lung re-expansion strategy.The changes in respiratory work load indicators[including work of breathing(WOB),maximum inspiratory pressure(Pmax),transcutaneous oxygen saturation(SpO2)],oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2),lung compliance(Cst),and mechanical ventilation-related parameters were compared before and after treatment in both groups.Results:After treatment,the respiratory work load was significantly reduced in both groups,with a more pronounced decrease in WOB in the PLR group(P＜0.05);both groups showed significant improvements in oxygenation index,but the degree of improvement was more marked in the PLR group(P＜0.01);lung compliance improved more markedly in the PLR group(P＜0.05);the PLR group had significantly shorter mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay compared to the IS group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The progressive lung recruitment strategy is better than the intermittent sighing ventilation in improving the respiratory work load,oxygenation index and lung compliance of patients with ARDS related to lung collapse.It can shorten the mechanical ventilation time and ICU hospital stay more effectively,which is worth clinical promotion and application.

Aim To investigate the effects of Agrimonia pilosa(AP)on the proliferation and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)H1299 cells using non-targeted metabolomics and other methods,and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.Meth-ods Taking H1299 cells as the research object,the effect of AP on cell proliferation and apoptosis was de-tected through CCK-8 method,colony formation,LDH,Hoechst 33258 staining,AO/EB staining,flow cytometry detection,RT qPCR and other experiments.The main differential metabolites were detected by the metabolomics method of ultra-high phase liquid chro-matography and mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-Orbi-trap MS),and related metabolic pathways were ana-lyzed.Results Compared with the control group,AP treatment was able to significantly inhibit the prolifera-tion and colony formation of H1299 cells,while the re-lease of LDH increased in a dose-dependent manner.Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that H1299 cells underwent crumpling and increased nuclear fragmentation after AP administration,blocked in G0/G1 phase,up-regulated apoptotic genes caspase-3 and Bax,and down-regulated apoptosis-inducing effects of Bcl-2.Metabolomics anal-ysis screened 35 differential metabolites,which were PC(O-30∶1),D-Glutamic acid,PE(18∶0/15∶0),etc.The main metabolic pathways involved includ-ed amino acid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabo-lism and purine metabolism so on.Conclusions AP may exert its pharmacological effects by interfering with multiple metabolic pathways in H1299 cells,inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis.

Background: The association of changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) with cognitive function remains unclear. We explored this association using prospective and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. Methods: MetS components including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and triglycerides were measured at baseline and two follow-ups, constructing a MetS index. Immediate, delayed memory recall, and cognitive function along with its dimensions were assessed by immediate 10- word recall test (IWRT) and delayed 10-word recall test (DWRT), and mini-mental state examination (MMSE), respectively, at baseline and follow-ups. Linear mixed-effect model was used. Additionally, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of MetS was conducted and one-sample MR was performed to assess the causality between MetS and cognitive function. Results: Elevated MetS index was associated with decreasing annual change rates (decrease) in DWRT and MMSE scores, and with decreases in attention, calculation and recall dimensions. HDL-C was positively associated with an increase in DWRT scores, while SBP and FPG were negatively associated. HDL-C showed a positive association, whereas WC was negatively associated with increases in MMSE scores, including attention, calculation and recall dimensions. Interaction analysis indicated that the association of MetS index on cognitive decline was predominantly observed in low family income group. The GWAS of MetS identified some genetic variants. MR results showed a non-significant causality between MetS and decrease in DWRT, IWRT, nor MMSE scores. Conclusion Our study indicated a significant association of MetS and its components with declines in memory and cognitive function, especially in delayed memory recall.

Objective To explore the relationship between insulin resistance and idiopathic central precocious puberty(ICPP)in girls and the diagnostic value of insulin resistance.Methods Clinical data of 245 girls aged 4 to 7.5 years with low luteinizing hormone(LH)levels(0.2-0.83 IU/L),normal body weight(body mass index standard deviation score between-2 and+2),and early breast development who visited the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology,Henan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2022 to March 2025 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Central Precocious Puberty(2022),patients were assigned to an ICPP group(n=123)or a control group(n=122).Correlations between the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and selected indices were assessed.Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between HOMA-IR and ICPP,and the diagnostic performance of various indices for ICPP was evaluated.Results HOMA-IR was higher in the ICPP group than in the control group(P<0.001)and was positively correlated with LH peak(rs=0.467,P<0.05)and the LH peak/FSH peak ratio(rs=0.444,P<0.05).The multivariable logistic regression model including age,BMI,and basal LH showed that HOMA-IR was closely associated with ICPP(OR=2.756,95%CI:1.940-3.913).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve for basal LH,HOMA-IR,and their combination in diagnosing ICPP were 0.735,0.735,and 0.805,respectively(P<0.05),and the combined model had a greater area under the curve than either basal LH or HOMA-IR alone(both P<0.05).Conclusions HOMA-IR is closely associated with ICPP in girls with low LH and normal body weight,and combining HOMA-IR with basal LH improves early identification and diagnostic efficiency in this population.