Compared to traditional machine learning algorithms,which often suffer from low feature extraction efficiency,insufficient nonlinear pattern recognition capabilities and slow training speeds,the broad learning system(BLS)enhances the learning ability and efficiency by horizontally expanding the network structure.BLS offers advantages such as a simple structure,fast training speed,and strong generalization capabilities.While BLS has demonstrated potential in various fields,but its application in identification of complex samples has not been fully explored.This research investigated the feasibility of using BLS algorithm for identification of complex samples based on physicochemical indicators.Using the iris,wine,and breast cancer datasets,the length and width of petals and sepals of iris flowers,the physicochemical properties of wine,and the nuclear characteristics of breast cancer cells were used as input variables to establish BLS models for identifying iris species,wine varieties,and benign versus malignant nucleus.The model performance was evaluated by confusion matrices,accuracy,and runtime.Compared with partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA),soft independent modeling of class analogies(SIMCA),and artificial neural networks(ANN),the results indicated that BLS demonstrated significant advantages in computational efficiency and recognition accuracy.Thus,BLS was an efficient and reliable method for identification of complex samples.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the causality between reproductive traits and risk of psoriasis by using a large Mendelian randomization (MR) study. METHODS: A two-sample MR study was performed using summarized statistics from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted in reproductive traits, as well as GWAS data on overall psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and psoriasis vulgaris (PV). Besides univariable MR (UVMR), multivariable MR and two-step MR was used to calculate the independent effects and quantify the proportion mediated by education or body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: Genetically predicted early age at first sexual intercourse (AFS) led to an increased risk of overall psoriasis [odds ratio ( OR) _UVMR: 0.54]; 36.13% of this effect was mediated through BMI and 47.79% through educational attainment. The direct negative casual association between age at first birth (AFB)-PsA was dominant ( OR _UVMR: 0.76), with 49.61% proportion of the mediation due to BMI. The mediating effect was found for BMI on the AFS-PV relationship, which accounted for 26.27% of the proportion. AFS was inversely associated with the risk of overall psoriasis and PV, with considerable mediation by BMI and educational attainment. CONCLUSION Early AFB may cause a higher risk of PsA, while the AFS-PsA association was fully mediated by BMI.
Humans ; Body Mass Index ; Psoriasis/etiology* ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Educational Status ; Female ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Risk Factors ; Male ; Reproduction ; Adult

Objective:To construct a key item checklist for the Mini-HTA report specification,providing scientific guidance for drafting each section of Mini-HTA research reports,enhancing their standardization,scientific rigor,and completeness,thereby improving the efficiency and quality of health decision-making.Methods:Based on preliminary literature review and qualitative systematic review,a pool of problem items for the Mini-HTA report specification was formed.Delphi questionnaires were distributed,and the Delphi technique was employed through two rounds of expert consultation to optimize and select key items.Results:Through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation,the initial Mini-HTA report specification item checklist was screened,integrated,and supplemented.A finalized key item checklist was constructed,comprising 8 first-level items(Title,Abstract,Introduction,Methods,Results,Discussion,Conclusion,and Other Relevant Information)and 48 second-level items.Conclusion:The constructed key item checklist for the Mini-HTA report specification provides scientific guidance for drafting Mini-HTA research reports.It helps enhance the standardization and transparency of the assessment process and the reliability of results,thereby optimizing the efficiency and quality of health decision-making.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective:To construct a key item checklist for the Mini-HTA report specification,providing scientific guidance for drafting each section of Mini-HTA research reports,enhancing their standardization,scientific rigor,and completeness,thereby improving the efficiency and quality of health decision-making.Methods:Based on preliminary literature review and qualitative systematic review,a pool of problem items for the Mini-HTA report specification was formed.Delphi questionnaires were distributed,and the Delphi technique was employed through two rounds of expert consultation to optimize and select key items.Results:Through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation,the initial Mini-HTA report specification item checklist was screened,integrated,and supplemented.A finalized key item checklist was constructed,comprising 8 first-level items(Title,Abstract,Introduction,Methods,Results,Discussion,Conclusion,and Other Relevant Information)and 48 second-level items.Conclusion:The constructed key item checklist for the Mini-HTA report specification provides scientific guidance for drafting Mini-HTA research reports.It helps enhance the standardization and transparency of the assessment process and the reliability of results,thereby optimizing the efficiency and quality of health decision-making.

ObjectiveTo simulate the microstructure and mechanical properties of tendon tissue and promote its regeneration and repair, electrospinning technology was used to prepare L-polylactic acid (PLLA) fiber membranes loaded with different nano zinc oxide contents and with oriented structures. Physical and chemical characterization and biological performance evaluation were carried out to explore their effects on tendon cell proliferation and differentiation. MethodsPreparation of PLLA fiber scaffolds and PLLA/ZnO fiber scaffolds containing different mass fractions of nano ZnO was performed using electrospinning technology. The physicochemical properties of the scaffold were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, mechanical stretching, and EDS spectroscopy. The scaffold was co-cultured with mouse tendon cells to detect its biocompatibility and regulatory effects on cell differentiation behavior. ResultsThe fiber scaffolds were arranged in an oriented manner, and zinc elements were uniformly distributed in the fibers. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PLLA/0.1%ZnO fiber scaffolds were significantly higher than PLLA fiber scaffolds. The number of cells on the surface of PLLA/0.1%ZnO fiber scaffold was significantly higher than that of the PLLA group, and the activity was better; mouse tendon cells exhibit directional adhesion and growth along the fiber arrangement direction. ConclusionThe oriented PLLA/0.1%ZnO fiber scaffold had excellent physicochemical properties, which can significantly promote the oriented growth, proliferation and differentiation of tendon cells. It is expected to be used for tendon tissue regeneration and repair in the future.

Background/Aims: Cholestatic liver diseases including primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are associated with active hepatic fibrogenesis, which ultimately progresses to cirrhosis. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the main fibrogenic effectors in response to cholangiocyte damage. JCAD regulates cell proliferation and malignant transformation in nonalcoholic steatoheaptitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (NASH-HCC). However, its participation in cholestatic fibrosis has not been explored yet. Methods: Serial sections of liver tissue of PBC patients were stained with immunofluorescence. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) in wild-type (WT), global JCAD knockout mice (JCAD-KO) and HSC-specific JCAD knockout mice (HSC-JCAD-KO), and evaluated by histopathology and biochemical tests. In situ-activated HSCs isolated from BDL mice were used to determine effects of JCAD on HSC activation. Results: In consistence with staining of liver sections from PBC patients, immunofluorescent staining revealed that JCAD expression was identified in smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA)-positive fibroblast-like cells and was significantly up-regulated in WT mice with BDL. JCAD deficiency remarkably ameliorated BDL-induced hepatic injury and fibrosis, as documented by liver hydroxyproline content, when compared to WT mice with BDL. Histopathologically, collagen deposition was dramatically reduced in both JCAD-KO and HSC-JCAD-KO mice compared to WT mice, as visualized by Trichrome staining and semi-quantitative scores. Moreover, JCAD deprivation significantly attenuated in situ HSC activation and reduced expression of fibrotic genes after BDL. Conclusions JCAD deficiency effectively suppressed hepatic fibrosis induced by BDL in mice, and the underlying mechanisms are largely through suppressed Hippo-YAP signaling activity in HSCs.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of holmium laser ω-shaped pre-transection of the prostate apex (PTPA) with preservation of the bladder neck on the urinary continence and sexual function of the patients with BPH after transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP). METHODS: This retrospective study included 165 cases of BPH undergoing holmium laser ω-shaped PTPA with preservation of the bladder neck following HoLEP from January 2018 to January 2023. We recorded and compared the baseline, perioperative and 12-month follow-up data on the patients, and evaluated their urination function using IPSS, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), and quality of life (QOL) scores. For those who had had sexual activity and normal ejaculation before surgery, we further assessed their erectile and ejaculatory functions postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean surgical time was (70.35±12.27) min, the intraoperative blood loss (60.12±19.54) ml, and the weight of the excised gland (56.37±13.71) g. The hospital stay and postoperative catheter-indwelling time averaged (5.13±2.34) and (3.21±1.37) d, respectively. Significant improvements were observed in IPSS, QOL, PVR and Qmax at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery compared with the baseline (P<0.05), which all remained stable throughout the follow-up period. At 3 months after surgery, stress urinary incontinence was found in 10.91% of the patients, and all but 1 case (0.6%) recovered within 12 months. There were no significant changes in the IIEF-5 and Erectile Hardness Scale (EHS) scores postoperatively (P>0.05). Retrograde ejaculation occurred in 19 (11.52%) of the patients, but none experienced painful ejaculation after surgery. CONCLUSION Holmium laser ω-shaped PTPA with preservation of the bladder neck is safe and effective for the treatment of BPH, which can effectively improve the urinary continence and protect the sexual function of the patient.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery* ; Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate/methods* ; Prostate/surgery* ; Ejaculation ; Aged ; Middle Aged

AIM To establish a GC-MS method for the simultaneous content determination of sixteen pesticide residues in Lycii Fructus and perform safety assessment.METHODS The analysis was performed on DB-5MS chromatographic column(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm)subjected to the programmed heating,with splitless injection of 1.0 μL dissolved sample at a flowing rate of 1.0 mL/min.Other parameters were as follows:injection port temperature of 250℃,electron impact ionization(EI),electron energy of 70 eV;ion source temperature of 230℃,multi-reaction monitoring mode,and collision gas.of high-purity N2.Pesticide residues with relatively high dietary risk were analyzed and discussed with regard to residue levels,dietary intake risk,risk ranking and cumulative exposure assessment.RESULTS Sixteen pesticides showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r≥0.994 4),whose average recoveries were 70%-114%,with the RSDs of less than 2%.The highest average cyfluthrin residue of 0.999 2 mg/kg in Lycii Fructus of production regions and the highest average cypermethrin residue of 0.088 4 mg/kg in Lycii Fructus commodities were both detected.In Lycii Fructus of production regions with chronic hazard index(HI)value of 0.012 9 and acute HI value of 0.065 5 and their commodities with chronic HI of 0.001 2 and acute HI of 0.005 4,the pesticide residue of cypermethrin was the leading cause of chronic and acute dietary risk,and additionally,pyridaben within maximum residue limit(MRL)was the only detectectable highly toxic pesticide among the other most concerning pestcides of deltamethrin,pyridaben,chlorpyrifos,dichlorvos and methidathion.CONCLUSION There exist pesticide residues within MRL values in some samples of Lycii Fructus and the use of cypermethrin should be well-controlled.