OBJECTIVE: Aloin, the main active component in Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f., has shown promising anti-tumor effects. This study investigated the impact of aloin in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and explored its functional mechanism. METHODS: We analyzed the viability, migration, invasion, proliferation, and apoptosis of two LUSC cell lines after treatment with aloin. Target molecules of aloin and downstream target transcripts of nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 (NR3C2) were predicted by bioinformatics. The biological functions of NR3C2 and metallothionein 1 M (MT1M) in the malignant properties of LUSC cells were determined. A co-culture system of LUSC cells with monocyte-derived macrophages was constructed. Mouse xenograft tumor models were generated to analyze the functions of aloin and NR3C2 in the tumorigenic activity of LUSC cells and macrophage polarization in vivo. RESULTS: Aloin suppressed malignant properties of LUSC cells in vitro. However, these effects were negated by the silencing of NR3C2. NR3C2 was found to activate MT1M transcription by binding to its promoter. Additional upregulation of MT1M suppressed the malignant behavior of LUSC cells augmented by NR3C2 silencing. Analysis of the M1 and M2 markers/cytokines in the macrophages or the culture supernatant revealed that aloin treatment or MT1M overexpression in LUSC cells enhanced M1 polarization while suppressing M2 polarization of macrophages, whereas NR3C2 silencing led to reverse trends. Consistent findings were reproduced in vivo. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that aloin activates the NR3C2/MT1M axis to suppress the malignant behavior of LUSC cells and M2 macrophage polarization. Please cite this article as: Chen YN, Lu JY, Gao CF, Fang ZR, Zhou Y. Aloin blocks the malignant behavior of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells and M2 macrophage polarization by modulating the NR3C2/MT1M axis. J Integr Med. 2025; 23(2): 195-208.
Lung Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Humans ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism* ; Mice ; Macrophages/drug effects* ; Emodin/analogs & derivatives* ; Metallothionein/genetics* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Cell Movement/drug effects* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics*

The commonly used mechanical thrombectomy devices were introduced in terms of the working principle,advantages,disadvantages and clinical effects.The complications by mechanical thrombectomy devices used for thrombosis clearance were summarized,and the causes were analyzed and some countermeasures were put forward accordingly.It's pointed out mechanical thrombectomy devices would be improved in intelligence,automation,precision,individualization and remote control in the future.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(8):79-85]

The medicinal materials of Bawei Chenxiang Pills(BCPs) were extracted via three methods: reflux extraction by water, reflux extraction by 70% ethanol, and extraction by pure water following reflux extraction by 70% ethanol, yielding three extracts of ST, CT, and CST. The efficacy of ST(760 mg·kg~(-1)), CT(620 mg·kg~(-1)), and CST(1 040 mg·kg~(-1)) were evaluated by acute myocardial ischemia(AMI) and p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)-induced insomnia in mice, respectively. Western blot was further utilized to investigate their hypnosis mechanisms. The main chemical components of different extracts were identified by the UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS technique. The results showed that CT and CST significantly increased the ejection fraction(EF) and fractional shortening(FS) of myocardial infarction mice, reduced left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole(LVIDd) and left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole(LVIDs). In contrast, ST did not exhibit significant effects on these parameters. In the insomnia model, CT significantly reduced sleep latency and prolonged sleep duration, whereas ST only prolonged sleep duration without shortening sleep latency. CST showed no significant effects on either sleep latency or sleep duration. Additionally, both CT and ST upregulated glutamic acid decarboxylase 67(GAD67) protein expression in brain tissue. A total of 15 main chemical components were identified from CT, including 2-(2-phenylethyl) chromone and 6-methoxy-2-(2-phenylethyl) chromone. Six chemical components including chebulidic acid were identified from ST. The results suggested that chromones and terpenes were potential anti-myocardial ischemia drugs of BCPs, and tannin and phenolic acids were potential hypnosis drugs. This study enriches the pharmacological and chemical research of BCPs, providing a basis and reference for their secondary development, quality standard improvement, and clinical application.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification* ; Mice ; Male ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy* ; Myocardial Ischemia/drug therapy*

Aim To explore the antioxidative effect of the Chinese medicine Baitouweng(BTW)on treating ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods Sixty male mice were randomly divided into six groups:control,dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)(3 g·105 L-1),BTW(20,10,and 5 g·kg-1),and 5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)(800 mg·kg-1).UC model was constructed by 3％DSS for seven days,and the UC model was given by ga-vage once daily from the 5 th day of modeling for seven days.Results BTW effectively reduced the symptoms and histopathological scores of UC mice.Additionally,it downregulated the inflammatory factors,interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-1 β,the immunoglobulins vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion mole-cule 1,and metalloprotease matrix metallopeptidase 9.Moreover,it downregulated high mobility group box 1 protein.Furthermore,it inhibited the nuclear factor er-ythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)pathway.Conclusions BTW improves the general condition,inflammatory indexes and oxidative stress level,and its mechanism may be related to inhib-iting the level of HMGB1 to regulate the Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway and rescue intestinal barrier-related protein expression.

Aim To explore the antioxidative effect of the Chinese medicine Baitouweng(BTW)on treating ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods Sixty male mice were randomly divided into six groups:control,dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)(3 g·105 L-1),BTW(20,10,and 5 g·kg-1),and 5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)(800 mg·kg-1).UC model was constructed by 3％DSS for seven days,and the UC model was given by ga-vage once daily from the 5 th day of modeling for seven days.Results BTW effectively reduced the symptoms and histopathological scores of UC mice.Additionally,it downregulated the inflammatory factors,interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-1 β,the immunoglobulins vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion mole-cule 1,and metalloprotease matrix metallopeptidase 9.Moreover,it downregulated high mobility group box 1 protein.Furthermore,it inhibited the nuclear factor er-ythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)pathway.Conclusions BTW improves the general condition,inflammatory indexes and oxidative stress level,and its mechanism may be related to inhib-iting the level of HMGB1 to regulate the Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway and rescue intestinal barrier-related protein expression.

The commonly used mechanical thrombectomy devices were introduced in terms of the working principle,advantages,disadvantages and clinical effects.The complications by mechanical thrombectomy devices used for thrombosis clearance were summarized,and the causes were analyzed and some countermeasures were put forward accordingly.It's pointed out mechanical thrombectomy devices would be improved in intelligence,automation,precision,individualization and remote control in the future.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(8):79-85]

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the association between early immune reconstitution and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation by analyzing changes in natural killer (NK), B, and T cells and their functional status in the peripheral blood during the early post-transplant period.Methods:This study included 23 patients who underwent haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The immune reconstitution of NK cells, T cells, and B cells as well as the expression levels of NK and T cell exhaustion markers (PD-1, TIM-3, and CTLA-4) and cytotoxic function at 1, 2, and 3 months post-transplantation were compared between patients with EBV activation (EBV+ group) and those without activation (EBV- group) post- transplantation.Results:EBV activation occurred in nine patients post-transplantation (EBV+ group), whereas 14 patients demonstrated no activation (EBV- group). All patients with EBV activation exhibited EBV viremia, and no EBV-associated diseases occurred. No significant differences in the clinical characteristics were found between the two groups of patients. The median proportion of CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 1 month post-transplantation ( P=0.033). The median proportion of the CD3 -CD16 negCD56 bri subset in the EBV+ group was significantly higher than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.046). No significant differences in the median proportions of CD3 -CD19 + B cells were observed between the two groups at 1, 2, and 3 months post-transplantation. The expression of CTLA-4 on CD3 -CD16 briCD56 dim NK cells in the EBV+ group was significantly higher than that in the EBV- group at 1 month post-transplantation ( P=0.033). The expression of TIM-3 on CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly higher than that in the EBV- group ( P=0.009). The expression level of TIM-3 on CD3 -CD16 negCD56 dim NK cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.023). The expression levels of TIM-3 on CD3 +CD4 + T cells in the EBV+ group than those in the EBV- group at 1 and 3 months post-transplantation ( P=0.002, P=0.043). The median positive rate of Granzyme B expression in CD3 +CD8 + T cells and CD3 +CD4 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 1-month post-transplantation ( P=0.033, P=0.016). The median positive rate of Granzyme B expression in the CD3 -CD16 briCD56 neg cell subset in the EBV+ group was higher than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.012). The median positive rate of Granzyme B expression in CD3 +CD4 + T cells in the EBV+ group remained significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.049). The median positive rate of perforin expression in the CD3 -CD16 briCD56 dim cell subset was significantly higher in the EBV+ group than in the EBV- group at 3 months post-transplantation ( P=0.003). The median positive rate of IFN-γ expression in CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 3 months post-transplantation ( P=0.036) . Conclusion:Delayed NK cell and T lymphocyte reconstitution, high exhaustion marker expression, and weakened cytotoxic functions may be related to EBV reactivation after haploidentical HSCT.

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the association between early immune reconstitution and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation by analyzing changes in natural killer (NK), B, and T cells and their functional status in the peripheral blood during the early post-transplant period.Methods:This study included 23 patients who underwent haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The immune reconstitution of NK cells, T cells, and B cells as well as the expression levels of NK and T cell exhaustion markers (PD-1, TIM-3, and CTLA-4) and cytotoxic function at 1, 2, and 3 months post-transplantation were compared between patients with EBV activation (EBV+ group) and those without activation (EBV- group) post- transplantation.Results:EBV activation occurred in nine patients post-transplantation (EBV+ group), whereas 14 patients demonstrated no activation (EBV- group). All patients with EBV activation exhibited EBV viremia, and no EBV-associated diseases occurred. No significant differences in the clinical characteristics were found between the two groups of patients. The median proportion of CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 1 month post-transplantation ( P=0.033). The median proportion of the CD3 -CD16 negCD56 bri subset in the EBV+ group was significantly higher than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.046). No significant differences in the median proportions of CD3 -CD19 + B cells were observed between the two groups at 1, 2, and 3 months post-transplantation. The expression of CTLA-4 on CD3 -CD16 briCD56 dim NK cells in the EBV+ group was significantly higher than that in the EBV- group at 1 month post-transplantation ( P=0.033). The expression of TIM-3 on CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly higher than that in the EBV- group ( P=0.009). The expression level of TIM-3 on CD3 -CD16 negCD56 dim NK cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.023). The expression levels of TIM-3 on CD3 +CD4 + T cells in the EBV+ group than those in the EBV- group at 1 and 3 months post-transplantation ( P=0.002, P=0.043). The median positive rate of Granzyme B expression in CD3 +CD8 + T cells and CD3 +CD4 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 1-month post-transplantation ( P=0.033, P=0.016). The median positive rate of Granzyme B expression in the CD3 -CD16 briCD56 neg cell subset in the EBV+ group was higher than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.012). The median positive rate of Granzyme B expression in CD3 +CD4 + T cells in the EBV+ group remained significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 2 months post-transplantation ( P=0.049). The median positive rate of perforin expression in the CD3 -CD16 briCD56 dim cell subset was significantly higher in the EBV+ group than in the EBV- group at 3 months post-transplantation ( P=0.003). The median positive rate of IFN-γ expression in CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the EBV+ group was significantly lower than that in the EBV- group at 3 months post-transplantation ( P=0.036) . Conclusion:Delayed NK cell and T lymphocyte reconstitution, high exhaustion marker expression, and weakened cytotoxic functions may be related to EBV reactivation after haploidentical HSCT.

As a recognized rare and highly fatal disease, hereditary angioedema (HAE) is difficult to diagnose and characterized by recurrent edema involving the head, limbs, genitals and larynx, etc. Diagnosis of HAE is not difficult. However, low incidence and lack of clinical characteristics lead to difficulty of doctors on timely diagnosis and correct intervention for HAE patients. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the awareness of this disease and prevent its recurrence. for HAE patients. In view of absent cognition of doctors and the general public on HAE, patients often suffer from sudden death or become disabled due to laryngeal edema which cannot be treated in time. Thus, based on the Internet mobile terminal platform, the team set up an all-day rapid emergency response system which is provided for HAE patients by setting up "one-click help". The aim is to offer optimization on overall management of HAE and designed the intelligent follow-up management to provide timely assistance and specialized suggestion for patients with acute attacks.
Humans ; Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapy*

Allergic diseases affect about 40% of the world's population. Environmental factors are important in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. Dust mites are one of the most important allergens in the indoor environment. The World Health Organization proposes the "four-in-one, combination of prevention and treatment" treatment principle for allergic diseases, in which environmental control to avoid or reduce allergens is the first choice for treatment. Modern people spend much more time at home (including sleeping) than outdoors, and the control of the home environment is particularly critical. This practice introduces the hypoallergenic home visit program, which including home environment assessment, environmental and behavioral intervention guidance, and common household hypoallergenic supplies and service guidance for the patient's home environment. The real-time semi-quantitative testing of dust mite allergens, qualitative assessments of other indoor allergens, record of patients' household items and lifestyle, and precise, individualized patient prevention and control education will be conducted. The hypoallergenic home visit program improves the doctors' diagnosis and treatment data dimension, and becomes a patient management tool for doctors outside the hospital. It also helps patients continue to scientifically avoid allergens and irritants in the environment, effectively build a hypoallergenic home environment, reduce exposure to allergens in the home environment, and achieve the goal of combining the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
Humans ; Hospitals ; Life Style ; Sleep