ObjectiveTo establish an ultra-performance liquid fingerprint and multi-components determination method for Naomaili granules. To evaluate the quality of different batches by chemometrics， and the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of water extract and main components of Naomaili granules were tested in vitro. MethodsThe similarity and common peaks of 27 batches of Naomaili granules were evaluated by using Ultra performance liquid chromatography （UPLC） fingerprint detection. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS） technology was used to determine the content of the index components in Naomaili granules and to evaluate the quality of different batches of Naomaili granules by chemometrics. LPS-induced BV-2 cell inflammation model was used to investigate the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of the water extract and main components of Naomaili granules. ResultsThe similarity of fingerprints of 27 batches of samples was > 0.90. A total of 32 common peaks were calibrated， and 23 of them were identified and assigned. In 27 batches of Naomaili granules， the mass fractions of 14 components that were stachydrine hydrochloride， leonurine hydrochloride， calycosin-7-O-glucoside， calycosin，tanshinoneⅠ， cryptotanshinone， tanshinoneⅡ_A， ginsenoside Rb₁， notoginsenoside R₁， ginsenoside Rg₁， paeoniflorin， albiflorin， lactiflorin， and salvianolic acid B were found to be 2.902-3.498， 0.233-0.343， 0.111-0.301， 0.07-0.152， 0.136-0.228， 0.195-0.390， 0.324-0.482， 1.056-1.435， 0.271-0.397， 1.318-1.649， 3.038-4.059， 2.263-3.455， 0.152-0.232， 2.931-3.991 mg∙g^-1， respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that paeoniflorin， ginsenoside Rg₁， ginsenoside Rb₁ and staphylline hydrochloride were quality difference markers to control the stability of the preparation. The results of bioactive experiment showed that the water extract of Naomaili granules and the eight main components with high content in the prescription had a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the release of NO in the cell supernatant. Among them， salvianolic acid B and ginsenoside Rb₁ had strong anti-inflammatory activity， with IC₅₀ values of （36.11±0.15） mg∙L^-1 and （27.24±0.54） mg∙L^-1， respectively. ConclusionThe quality evaluation method of Naomaili granules established in this study was accurate and reproducible. Four quality difference markers were screened out， and eight key pharmacodynamic substances of Naomaili granules against neuroinflammation were screened out by in vitro cell experiments.

Ventricular assist devices(VADs)have emerged as a pivotal therapeutic option for end-stage heart failure,undergoing significant technological advancements from pneumatic membrane pumps to continuous-flow centrifugal pumps.This review provides a detailed overview of several VAD models,including HeartMate Ⅲ,EVAHEART 2,and Heart Con.The initial generation of VADs established a foundation for subsequent developments,despite the occurrence of frequent complications.The second generation of VADs demonstrated a notable improvement in patient prognosis but carried the risk of ventricular collapse.The third generation of VADs represents a further reduction in size,incorporating magnetic levitation technology to enhance durability and blood compatibility.In the future,the development of VADs will focus on better emulating the physiological function of the native heart,improving pulsatility,and extending device longevity.As technology advances,VADs are expected to offer heart failure patients with a greater range of treatment options and a higher quality of life.

Following extensive interdisciplinary research and development over several years,mechanical circulatory support devices(MCSD),including ventricular assist device(VAD)and total artificial heart(TAH),are now established as vital treatment options for patients with advanced heart failure.These devices have proven to be crucial in assisting or replacing a failing heart,offering patients a new lease of life and improving their quality of life.Currently,mechanical circulatory support(MCS)has become a well-recognised,long-term treatment option for patients who are unable to undergo heart transplantation due to donor organ shortages or contraindications.Given their continuous availability independent of donor organ limitations,these devices are poised to play an increasingly vital role in the future of medicine.This article aims to summarize the evolution,clinical applications,categorization,and potential complications of MCSD.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)is a congenital immune sensor that can recognize cytoplasm abnormal dsDNA.By catalyzing the second messenger cyclic GMP-AMP(cGAMP)formation,it activates stimulator of interferon genes(STING),releases type Ⅰ interferon and inflammatory cytokines,activates the host immune response,and participates in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury(CIRI)cascade reaction.This article reviews the research progress of the mechanism of cGAS-STING signaling pathway participation in CIRI,hoping to provide ideas for its treatment.

Objective:To investigate the association of systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)and serum cysta-tin C(CysC)with the severity of acute pulmonary embolism(APE),and their predictive value for prognosis.Meth-ods:A total of 181 patients who were first diagnosed with APE in Cangzhou People's Hospital between January 2018 and January 2023 were retrospectively selected.The severity of APE was determined according to risk stratification criteria for pulmonary embolism,and the patients were divided into low-risk group(n=67),middle-risk group(n=81)and high-risk group(n=33).General clinical data and venous blood neutrophils,platelet and lymphocyte counts,CysC and other indicators were collected,and SII was calculated according to the formula.The relevant in-dicators were compared among three groups,and their correlation with the severity of APE was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.According to the prognosis,all APE patients were divided into favorable outcome group(n=129)and unfavorable outcome group(n=52).The general clinical data were compared and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to study the influencing factors of unfavorable outcome in APE patients.The re-ceiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of SII,CysC and their com-bination for the prognosis of APE patients.Nomogram model for prognosis was constructed.Results:Compared with patients in low-risk group,those in the middle-risk group and the high-risk group had significantly higher levels of serum creatinine,CysC and uric acid(P＜0.05 or＜0.01).The SII in the high-risk group was significant-ly higher than those of middle-risk group and low-risk group(P＜0.001 all).Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum creatinine,CysC,uric acid and SII were significant positively correlated with the severity of APE(r=0.356,0.358,0.233,0.353,P＜0.01 all).Compared with patients in the favorable outcome group,those in the unfavorable outcome group had significantly higher levels of D-dimer,serum creatinine,CysC,uric acid and SII(P＜0.01 all).There was a statistically significant difference in the severity of APE between the two groups(P=0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that CysC,SII,and middle or high risk of disease severity were independent risk factors for unfavorable outcome in APE patients(HR=1.001～14.453,P＜0.05 or＜0.01).ROC curve indicated that the AUC of SII,CysC and their combination in predicting unfavorable outcome of APE patients were 0.815(95％CI 0.749～0.881),0.747(95％CI 0.661～0.832)and 0.878(95％CI,0.821～0.936),respectively.The combined AUC of the two was significantly higher than those of SII and CysC alone(Z=-2.234,-3.500,P＜0.05 or＜0.01).Based on the above independent risk factors,the AUC values of the 1-year and 3-year unfavorable outcome nomogram models were 92.9 and 88.2,respectively.The calibration prediction curve and the ideal curve fitted well.The decision curve showed that the model had a good net benefit.Conclusion:SII and CysC are significant positively correlated with the severity of APE and they are independent risk factors for unfavor-able outcome of APE,and the combination of the two indicators has a good predictive value for the prognosis of APE.The nomogram constructed has good accuracy and practicability.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective:To observe the application effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined with task oriented training in hemiplegic patients after cerebral infarction.Methods:106 hemiplegic patients after cerebral infarction admitted to Xinglin Hospital of Xiamen from March 2022 to June 2024 were prospectively selected and randomly divided into control group(received task oriented training,n=53)and observation group(received hyperbaric oxygen combined with task oriented training,n=53).Berg balance scale(BBS),clinical spasticity index(CSI),national institute of health stroke Scale(NIHSS),motor function[fugl-meyer motor function assessment scale(FMA),motor assessment scale(MAS)],walking ability[functional ambulation category(FAC),6-minute walking distance(6MWD)],quality of life and self-care ability[quality of life scale for stroke(SS-QOL),activity of daily living(ADL)]before intervention and 8 weeks after intervention were compared between the two groups.Result:Compared with control group 8 weeks after intervention,the observation group had higher BBS,FMA,MAS,FAC,SS-QOL,ADL scores,and 6MWD,while had lower NIHSS and CSI scores(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Hyperbaric oxygen combined with task oriented training in hemiplegic patients after cerebral infarction,can effectively improve patients' motor function,balance ability,and self-care ability,enhance their quality of life,and reduce neurological damage.

Yanchi Tan sheep,a specialty of Ningxia,China,is famous for its excellent meat quality,but the detailed mechanisms of its muscle development and meat quality formation are still unclear.In or-der to preliminarily investigate the unique molecular mechanisms in the muscle development of the sheep,the present study was carried out to collect the longest dorsal muscle(LDM)samples from 6-month-old and 12-month-old female Tan sheep,and we screened the genes and long non-coding RNA(lncRNAs)that may play important roles in regulating the muscle development and meat quality formation through transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq).The results showed that a total of 504 mRNAs and 1,483 lncRNAs were detected between the two groups of LDMs,with significant differences(P＜0.05).And we also pre-dicted 103 potential lncRNA-mRNA cis-regulatory relationship pairs with significant differences(P＜0.05).Skeletal muscle development-related genes such as MSTN,CDKN1A,FHL1 and skeletal muscle metabolism-related genes such as LPL and SCD were subsequently screened based on the functional anal-ysis of differentially expressed mRNA.Based on the functional analysis of differentially expressed lncRNA target genes,13 lncRNAs potentially related to muscle development(LNC.17926.1,LNC.981.1,LNC.16284.1,etc.)and 8 lncRNAs potentially related to skeletal muscle metabolism(LNC.15496.1,LNC.18149.1,etc.)were identified.5 lncRNAs and 4 mRNAs expressed in both groups were randomly selected for qPCR validation experiments,and their results were consistent with RNA-seq,which corrob-orated with the reliability of the sequencing results.This study lays a solid foundation for future investiga-tions of muscle development,meat quality formation mechanism and molecular breeding in Tan sheep,and provides a scientific basis for improving the meat production performance of other domestic sheep breeds.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)is a congenital immune sensor that can recognize cytoplasm abnormal dsDNA.By catalyzing the second messenger cyclic GMP-AMP(cGAMP)formation,it activates stimulator of interferon genes(STING),releases type Ⅰ interferon and inflammatory cytokines,activates the host immune response,and participates in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury(CIRI)cascade reaction.This article reviews the research progress of the mechanism of cGAS-STING signaling pathway participation in CIRI,hoping to provide ideas for its treatment.

Yanchi Tan sheep,a specialty of Ningxia,China,is famous for its excellent meat quality,but the detailed mechanisms of its muscle development and meat quality formation are still unclear.In or-der to preliminarily investigate the unique molecular mechanisms in the muscle development of the sheep,the present study was carried out to collect the longest dorsal muscle(LDM)samples from 6-month-old and 12-month-old female Tan sheep,and we screened the genes and long non-coding RNA(lncRNAs)that may play important roles in regulating the muscle development and meat quality formation through transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq).The results showed that a total of 504 mRNAs and 1,483 lncRNAs were detected between the two groups of LDMs,with significant differences(P＜0.05).And we also pre-dicted 103 potential lncRNA-mRNA cis-regulatory relationship pairs with significant differences(P＜0.05).Skeletal muscle development-related genes such as MSTN,CDKN1A,FHL1 and skeletal muscle metabolism-related genes such as LPL and SCD were subsequently screened based on the functional anal-ysis of differentially expressed mRNA.Based on the functional analysis of differentially expressed lncRNA target genes,13 lncRNAs potentially related to muscle development(LNC.17926.1,LNC.981.1,LNC.16284.1,etc.)and 8 lncRNAs potentially related to skeletal muscle metabolism(LNC.15496.1,LNC.18149.1,etc.)were identified.5 lncRNAs and 4 mRNAs expressed in both groups were randomly selected for qPCR validation experiments,and their results were consistent with RNA-seq,which corrob-orated with the reliability of the sequencing results.This study lays a solid foundation for future investiga-tions of muscle development,meat quality formation mechanism and molecular breeding in Tan sheep,and provides a scientific basis for improving the meat production performance of other domestic sheep breeds.