The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects of biofilm associated non-coding small RNA(sRNA)00085 on the survival and environmental fitness of Listeria monocytogenes.Homologous recombination technology was used to construct a deletion mutant strain(△sRNA 00085)and a complementary strain(C △sRNA 00085)of the sRNA00085 target gene.The differences in biological characteristics were compared among the standard strain,△sRNA 00085,and C△sRNA 00085.The deletion of sRNA00085 led to a significant decrease in biofilm formation capacity and sensitivity to several antibiotics,including penicillin,piperacillin,doxycycline,tetracycline,vancomycin,and cotrimoxazole.However,only the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of tetracycline exhibited a significant decrease in △sRNA00085.Meanwhile,the decreased biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance of the sRNA00085 mutant were restored in the C△sRNA00085 strain.Furthermore,we investigated the transcription levels of tetracycline resistance-related genes in L.monocytogenes.Down-regu-lated transcription of the tetS gene but no significant difference in transcription of the tetA gene were observed in △sRNA 00085 compared with the standard strain and C△sRNA00085.Moreover,the elimination of sRNA00085 did not affect bacterial growth ability or sensitivity to disinfectants.These findings highlight that sRNA00085 plays an important role in the environ-mental adaptability of L.monocytogenes by affecting bacterial biofilm formation and resistance.

We investigated the prevalence and spatial distribution characteristics of T.gondii infection in cats in China,to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and con-trol of T.gondii.We searched PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang Da-tabase,and Baidu Academic Database to retrieve studies on the seroprevalence of T.gondii in domestic cats published by December 31,2023,in China,to investigate the spatial loca-tion and expression of T.gondii infection in China by using Geographical Information Systems(GIS).SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.A total of 86 eligible studies published between 1984 and 2023 were included in this study,covering 28 provincial administrative regions and involving 20 722 cats.The ArcGIS classification results indicated that the overall positivity rate of T.gondii in domestic cats was 14.78％(3 080/20 836,95％CI:14.07％-15.03％).No epidemiological study of T.gondii infection in cats has been reported in Tibet,Tianjin,Hainan,Hong Kong,Ma-cao,or Taiwan.The prevalence of T.gondii infection in cats was highest in Shanxi Province(60％,54/90,95％CI:49.82％-70.18％),followed by Hebei Province(57.33％,43/75,95％CI:46.07％-68.59％),Henan Province(45.53％,173/380,95％CI:46.07％-68.59％),and Yunnan Province(43.64％,24/55,95％CI:30.49％-56.79％).The lowest seroprevalence of T.gondii antibody was found in Jiangxi Province(2.47％,2/81,95％CI:-0.90％-5.90％).Furthermore,the seropreva-lence of T.gondii in cats in northern China was 14.12％(2 044/14 491 95％CI:12.34％-15.90％),whereas that in southern China was 16.30％(1 036/6 355 95％CI:15.40％-17.20％).Significant differences were observed between them(x2=16.60,P＜0.05).The temporal distribution results indicated a decrease in the overall seroprevalence of T.gondii in cats in China from 1984 to 2023.Our findings suggested that T.gondii in cats is widespread in China,with a stable epidemic cycle,and the rates of Toxoplasma positivity vary greatly among regions.The increasing prevalence of pet cats in China,and the close rela-tionship between these cats and humans,may pose substantial exposure risks to a large susceptible population.Therefore,the association between cat ownership and T.gondii infection in humans,and how to decrease human environmental contamination through cat exposure to T.gondii and T.gondii oocysts,requires further investigation.

Objective To investigate the implementation of surveillance,prevention and control measures for healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in maternal and child healthcare(MCH)institutions,and provide policy evi-dence for optimizing HAI prevention and control in MCH institutions.Methods Stratified sampling was conducted among the MCH institutions at provincial,municipal and county levels in 8 provinces/autonomous regions.A uni-fied questionnaire was designed and the online survey was conducted through"Questionnaire Star".Results The data from 123 MCH institutions were included in the analysis.90.24％of the MCH institutions carried out compre-hensive surveillance on HAI.The ratios of MCH institutions which implemented targeted surveillance on HAI in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU),surgical site infection,multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs)and HAI in intensive care units(non-NICU excluded)were 89.66％,85.96％,80.77％,and 74.19％,respectively.51.22％MCH institutions adopted information surveillance system on HAI cases.94.31％MCH institutions carried out surveillance on hand hygiene compliance.Over 90％MCH institutions carried out surveillance on environment hy-giene in high-risk departments.71.54％MCH institutions conducted centralized cleaning,disinfection,sterilization and supply for reusable medical instruments in the central sterile supply department(CSSD).Over 90％MCH insti-tutions established three-level pre-examination triage systems.86.18％set up transitional wards.MCH institutions generally adopted a management model with established effective communication,full appointment visits,and sepa-rate visits for special medical groups,such as registered pregnant women,high-risk newborns,healthcare groups,and long-term rehabilitation patients.However,the ratio of institutions conducting on-line follow-up visits was less than 50％.Conclusion MCH institutions have generally carried out comprehensive and targeted surveillance on HAI.Information surveillance need to be facilitated.Hand hygiene and environmental hygiene surveillance has been popularized to a certain extent at all levels of MCH institutions.The cleaning,disinfection,sterilization,and supply processes of reusable medical devices in a few MCH institutions are not standardized.Special medical populations get effective management.On-line healthcare is to be further promoted.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of esketamine injection combined with sufentanil injection for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)after fracture surgery in children.Methods Children scheduled for elective limb fracture incision and internal fixation were randomly divided into control group and treatment group.The control group was given 2 μg·kg-1 sufentanil for PCIA;the treatment group was given 1.0 mg·kg-1 esketamine combined with 1.5 μg·kg-1 sufentanil for PCIA.Background dose of 2 groups:2 mL·h-1,single dose of 2 mL each time,locking time of 15 min,total volume of 100 mL.The facial expression,leg movement,mobility,crying,consolability scale(FLACC)scores and Ramsay sedation scores,analgesic drug consumption and PCIA compression times within 48 h after operation,and adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups at different time points after operation.Results Forty subjects enrolled in the treatment group,1 dropped out,and 39 were finally included in the statistical analysis;40 subjects enrolled in the control group,2 dropped out,and 38 were finally included in the statistical analysis.After treatment,the FLACC scores of treatment group at 2,4,6,12,24 and 48 h after operation were(4.75±0.93),(2.50±0.97),(1.75±0.93),(2.06±1.18),(1.13±0.62)and(0.50±0.63)points,which in control group were(6.13±1.13),(3.80±1.21),(2.87±0.64),(3.47±1.13),(1.87±0.92)and(1.27±0.80)points,and there were significant differences in the two groups(all P＜0.05).The Ramsay sedation scores of treatment and control groups at 2 hours after operation were(2.25±0.45)and(1.47±0.52)points;the number of effective PCIA compressions within 24 hours was 4.25±3.94 and 8.13±5.71;the amount of analgesic drugs used within 24 hours after surgery was(52.38±9.11)and(61.47±12.82)mL;the amount of analgesic drugs used within 48 hours after surgery was(88.81±14.31)and(94.60±5.93)mL,respectively;and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The adverse drug reactions of two groups were mainly dizziness,nausea and vomiting.The total incidences of adverse drug reactions in treatment and control groups were 53.85％and 84.21％with significant difference(P＜0.05).Conclusion Esketamine injection combined with sufentanil injection can reduce postoperative pain intensity,improve analgesic sedation effect and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions of analgesic pump after fracture surgery in children.

This article discussed the significance of latent pathogen theory in the understanding of pathogenesis and prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases such as novel coronavirus infection(COVID-19).Latent-qi is the cause of epidemic febrile disease,and it is also the yang-heat qi of human body.The stagnant yang-heat qi hidden in the body can induce the latent heat constitution.The latent heat constitution is particularly closely related to the development and progression of epidemic febrile disease,and is susceptible to the warm pathogen.The significance of the latent pathogen theory on the prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases such as COVID-19 with traditional Chinese medicine is as follows:abnormal climate is an important early warning and is the external condition for the development of epidemic diseases;latent pathogen is easily assimilated into the newly-attacked pathogenic factors for the assimilation of similar nature,and then injuries taiyin-spleen,which causes spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation and then results in latent dampness;preventing and treating epidemic diseases based on the latent pathogen theory is helpful for identifying the key syndromes,formulating the core regimen indicated for the pathogenesis,and cutting off the progression of the disease.Based on the latent pathogen theory,dampness-removing therapy for latent dampness is important for the prevention and early treatment of COVID-19,and our research group has developed a Chinese herbal formula of Wuzhi Fangguan Prescription(composed of Fici Simplicissimae Radix,Coicis Semen,Poria,Herba Polygoni Chinensis,Atractylodis Rhizoma,Pogostemonis Herba,and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)to prevent COVID-19 early by using a variety of dampness-removing methods such as drying dampness,resolving dampness,draining dampness,and invigorating spleen.The prescription is indicated for the prevention and early treatment of COVID-19.The mechanism of dampness-removing therapy is mainly related to the improvement of the disordered immune function and restoration of the body's resistance to diseases.

Sucrose synthase plays a crucial role in the plant sugar metabolism pathway by catalyzing the production of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose, which serves as a bioactive glycosyl donor for various metabolic processes. In this study, a sucrose synthase gene named CtSus was cloned from Cistanche tubulosa, a traditional Chinese medicine known for its rich content of diverse glycosides, based on transcriptome analysis results. The open reading frame of CtSus was 2 418 bp long encoding 805 amino acids. Sequence analysis revealed conserved domains associated with the plant sucrose synthase family at both the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of CtSus protein. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that CtSus shares a close evolutionary relationship with sucrose synthases from other plants within the same order. Functional identification of CtSus was performed through whole-cell catalysis coupling with UGT71BD1, a characterized glycosyltransferase enzyme. The results showed that the introduction of CtSus significantly enhanced the conversion rate of glycosylation catalyzed by UGT71BD1. The soluble expression of CtSus in Escherichia coli was further achieved using the pCold^TM TF expression vector. In vitro enzymatic assay indicated the activity of CtSus to catalyze the formation of UDP-glucose in the presence of sucrose and UDP. Real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction results showed that the expression patterns of CtSus gene in different parts of C. tubulosa and the suspension cell cultures of C. tubulosa under drought stress correlated with the accumulation patterns observed for phenylethanol glycosides, respectively. Furthermore, key amino acids and their interactions between enzyme and substrate were explored based on protein structure prediction and molecular docking results. Overall, our findings identify a sucrose synthase CtSus responsible for the supply of the active glycosyl donor UDP-glucose during the biosynthesis of glycoside products in C. tubulosa and have also provided a gene element that can be utilized in engineering strain construction for glycoside products production.

AIM: To evaluate retinal vascularization caused by the intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of a series of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)cases in Type Ⅰ(threshold and pre-threshold period)and aggressive ROP(A-ROP).METHODS: The data of 34 ROP cases(67 eyes)treated by intravitreal injection of Conbercept(IVC)in the ophthalmology department of the Xiamen Children's Hospital from July 2017 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Reactivation, which refers to recurrence of acute phase features, occurred at any stage of the disease in the presence or absence of other diseases. RESULT: The average gestational age of the 34 children was 28.82±2.32wk. The average birth weight was 1155.18±398.22g. The lesion zone of 19 cases(37 eyes)was Zone Ⅰ. In 10 cases(20 eyes), the lesion was in Zone Ⅱ, and in 5 cases(10 eyes), the lesion was in the posterior Zone Ⅱ. The total effective rate of disease control in ROP children treated with once IVC was 73.1%(49/67), and the vascularization of Zone Ⅱ was completed. The patients showed variable changes in the vascularization in Zone Ⅲ. For the patients who received one treatment and did not reactivate, the average rate of Type Ⅰ vascularization of ROP was 9.11±2.49wk, and the A-ROP was 13.40±4.04wk. The rate of A-ROP vascularization in Zone Ⅱ was significantly longer compared to Type Ⅰ.CONCLUSION: IVC effectively completes vascularization in Zone Ⅱ.

Objective: To observe the clinical pathology features, and immune microenvironment of HER-2 intratumoral heterogeneity breast cancer. Methods: Thirty cases of HER-2 intratumoral heterogeneous breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from November 2017 to June 2020. HER-2 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and verified by dual color silver-enhanced in-situ hybridization (D-SISH). HER-2 intratumoral positive and negative regions were divided. The pathological characteristics, subtype, and the level of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) were evaluated respectively. Results: The proportion of HER-2 positive cells of the breast cancer ranged from 10% to 90%. The pathological type was mainly invasive non-special typecarcinoma. Six cases presented different pathological types between HER-2 positive and negative regions. The HER-2-positive areas included 2 cases of carcinoma with apocrine differentiation, and the negative areas included 2 cases of invasive micropapillary carcinoma, 1 case of invasive papillary carcinoma, and 1 case of carcinoma with apocrine differentiation. In HER-2 positive regions, 17 cases were Luminal B and 13 cases were HER-2 overexpressed types. There were 22 cases of Luminal B and 8 cases of triple negative tumors in the HER-2 negative areas. The levels of TILs in HER-2 positive and negative areas accounted for 53.3% (16/30) and 26.7% (8/30), respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.035). The positive expression of PD-L1 in HER-2 positive area and HER-2 negative area were 6 cases and 9 cases, respectively. Among 8 cases with HER-2 negative regions containing triple negative components, 4 cases were positive for PD-L1 expression. Conclusions: In the case of HER-2 intratumoral heterogeneity, it is necessary to pay attention to both HER-2 positive and negative regions, and evaluate subtype separately as far as possible. For HER-2 intratumoral heterogeneous breast cancer containing triple negative components, the treatment mode can be optimized by refining the intratumoral expression of PD-L1.
Humans ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism* ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology* ; Carcinoma ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology* ; Prognosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism*

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of disk-up sinus reamer (DSR) in maxillary sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus septum. Methods: Twenty-four patients were included between January 2019 to January 2020 in Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. There were 10 males and 14 females with the age of (39.3±11.7) years old (range 22-56 years). Pre-operative(T0) cone-beam CT (CBCT) was taken for measurement and analysis. All patients were divided into group E (easy situations, septum located anterior to the zygo-matic process), group M (moderate situations, septum located pos-terior to the zygo-matic process) and group D (difficult situations, sagittally oriented septum). The maxillary sinus floor was grafted through the crestal approach by DSR and implants were placed simultaneously. Permanent repair was performed 6-8 months after operation. All patients underwent CBCT before surgery, after surgery immediately (T1), 6 months after surgery(T2), 1 year after surgery(T3), 2 year after surgery(T4). The residual bone height (RBH) and the vertical bone height (VBH) were analyzed. The mucosal perforation rate, implant survival rate were counted. Results: All the 24 patients completed the Maxillary sinus lift surgery successfully and 24 implants were placed simultaneously. All patients had no headache, dizziness. The mucosal perforation rate was 0. The survival rate of implants during the healing period was 100%(24/24). The RBH was (5.81±2.56) mm pre-operation, the VBHT1, VBHT2, VBHT3 and VBHT4 were (11.82±1.09), (10.98±0.52), (10.66±0.44) and (10.40±0.33) mm, respectively. The differences between the groups by pairing test were statistically significant (F=187.70, P0.001), expect VBHT3 and VBHT4 (P=0.071). Bone resorption and remodeling mainly occurred 1 year after surgery. One patient developed peri-implantitis 18 months after surgery. Conclusions: With the RBH of implant site>2 mm and existence of maxillary sinus septum, using DSR for sinus floor elevation has a high success rate. It can obtain enough bone height and complete the simultaneous implantation to form a good osseointegration. The DSR is simple, safe and controllable, and can shorten the operation time.

Aim To explore the effect of baicalin on respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and its effect on cell metabolism. Methods The anti-RSV effect of baicalin in vitro was verified by antiviral cell experiment, and the cellular metabolic mechanism of baicalin against RSV was explored by cell metabolomics. Results Baicalin had an inhibitory effect on all stages of RSV infection, and the condition of CPE was significantly improved, which may mainly play a role in the adsorption and proliferation of RSV. A total of 19 differential metabolites were screened by cell metabolomics, which were mainly glycerol phospholipids, nucleosides and fatty acids. Seven metabolic pathways were obtained by enrichment analysis, which were mainly related to glycerol-phospholipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism (arachidonic acid metabolism, α-linolenic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism), amino acid metabolism and purine metabolism. Conclusions Baicalin has significant inhibitory effect on the adsorption and proliferation of RSV, which may be related to fatty acid metabolism, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, amino acid and purine metabolism.