Cervical spine health issues not only seriously affect patients' quality of life but also impose a heavy burden on the social healthcare system. Existing guidelines lack sufficient clinical guidance on lifestyle and work habits, such as exercise, posture, daily routine, and diet, making it difficult to meet practical needs. To address this, relying on the China Association of Chinese Medicine, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences took the lead and joined hands with more than ten institutions to form a multidisciplinary guideline development group. For the first time, the group developed the Guidelines for Cervical Spine Health Intervention based on evidence-based medicine methods, strictly following the standardized procedures outlined in the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development and the Guiding Principles for the Formulation/Revision of Clinical Practice Guidelines in China (2022 Edition). This proposal systematically explains the methods and steps for developing the guideline, aiming to make the guideline development process scientific, standardized, and transparent.
Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic/standards* ; Cervical Vertebrae ; China

AIM To investigate the effects of rice wine type and wine processing method on chemical constituents and anti-coagulation effect of Angelicae sinensis Radix.METHODS Wine-washed products and wine-stir-fried products were prepared by different types and ages of rice wine,respectively,after which HPLC was adopted in the content determination of tryptophan,chlorogenic acid,vanillic acid,phthalic acid,ferulic acid,senkyunolide I,senkyunolide H,coniferyl ferulate and ligustilide,and PT,APTT,TT were detected in rabbit plasma.RESULTS Phenolic acids and volatile constituents demonstrated lower contents in the wine-stir-fried products than those in the raw product(P＜0.05),while those in the wine-washed products displayed no obvious changes(except for senkyunolide I)(P＞0.05).The contents of volatile constituents in the wine-washed products were higher than those in the wine-stir-fried products(P＜0.05).After being processed with dry rice wine,various constituents exhibited increased contents as compared with those after being processed with sweet rice wine(P＜0.05).Compared with the raw product,prolonged PT,APTT and TT were observable in the processed products prepared by 3-year semi-dry rice wine(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The optimal rice wine type is determined to be 3-year semi-dry.Wine-washed Angelicae sinensis Radix shows high contents of ferulic acid and volatile constituents,whose activating blood and resolving stasis effect may be stronger.

Objective To propose a method for mass spectrometry imaging(MSI)super-resolution reconstruction based on a spatially multi-level and self-supervised deep learning network(SMSDL-Net),aiming to improve the resolution of mass spectrometry images.Methods SMSDL-Net firstly registered histological and mass spectrometry images using a nonlinear transformation.Then a multi-branch Vision Transformer(ViT)was utilized to extract hierarchical features of high-resolution histological images in a self-supervised manner.These features were subsequently combined with the paired low-resolution mass spectrometry data to construct a regression network,which could realize the prediction of high-resolution mass spectrometry information.To validate the performance of the proposed method,the results by the method were compared with those of the traditional bicubic interpolation(BI)methods based on interpolation processing and the deepFERE method based on convolution neural network(CNN)for super-resolution reconstruction of magnesium elemental image of metal mass spectrometry of human liver cancer samples,and the method was also applied to a mouse renal adenocarcinoma metabolite mass spectrometry imaging dataset.Results Compared with the traditional BI methods and the deepFERE multimodal method,the method proposed demonstrated the lowest root mean square error(RMSE=0.015),the highest structural similarity index measure(SSIM=0.84)and the highest R-squared value(R2=0.853)in reconstructing mass spectrometry images.The effectiveness of the method and its potential for precise tissue-specific distinction were validated using the mouse renal adenocarcinoma metabolite MSI dataset.Conclusion Compared with traditional single-modal and pixel-wise regression deep learning methods,the method proposed enhances the quality of high-resolution mass spectrometry image reconstruction and can serve as a novel method for super-resolution reconstruction in the field of mass spectrometry imaging.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(4):1-8]

Objective To propose a method for mass spectrometry imaging(MSI)super-resolution reconstruction based on a spatially multi-level and self-supervised deep learning network(SMSDL-Net),aiming to improve the resolution of mass spectrometry images.Methods SMSDL-Net firstly registered histological and mass spectrometry images using a nonlinear transformation.Then a multi-branch Vision Transformer(ViT)was utilized to extract hierarchical features of high-resolution histological images in a self-supervised manner.These features were subsequently combined with the paired low-resolution mass spectrometry data to construct a regression network,which could realize the prediction of high-resolution mass spectrometry information.To validate the performance of the proposed method,the results by the method were compared with those of the traditional bicubic interpolation(BI)methods based on interpolation processing and the deepFERE method based on convolution neural network(CNN)for super-resolution reconstruction of magnesium elemental image of metal mass spectrometry of human liver cancer samples,and the method was also applied to a mouse renal adenocarcinoma metabolite mass spectrometry imaging dataset.Results Compared with the traditional BI methods and the deepFERE multimodal method,the method proposed demonstrated the lowest root mean square error(RMSE=0.015),the highest structural similarity index measure(SSIM=0.84)and the highest R-squared value(R2=0.853)in reconstructing mass spectrometry images.The effectiveness of the method and its potential for precise tissue-specific distinction were validated using the mouse renal adenocarcinoma metabolite MSI dataset.Conclusion Compared with traditional single-modal and pixel-wise regression deep learning methods,the method proposed enhances the quality of high-resolution mass spectrometry image reconstruction and can serve as a novel method for super-resolution reconstruction in the field of mass spectrometry imaging.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(4):1-8]

AIM To investigate the effects of rice wine type and wine processing method on chemical constituents and anti-coagulation effect of Angelicae sinensis Radix.METHODS Wine-washed products and wine-stir-fried products were prepared by different types and ages of rice wine,respectively,after which HPLC was adopted in the content determination of tryptophan,chlorogenic acid,vanillic acid,phthalic acid,ferulic acid,senkyunolide I,senkyunolide H,coniferyl ferulate and ligustilide,and PT,APTT,TT were detected in rabbit plasma.RESULTS Phenolic acids and volatile constituents demonstrated lower contents in the wine-stir-fried products than those in the raw product(P＜0.05),while those in the wine-washed products displayed no obvious changes(except for senkyunolide I)(P＞0.05).The contents of volatile constituents in the wine-washed products were higher than those in the wine-stir-fried products(P＜0.05).After being processed with dry rice wine,various constituents exhibited increased contents as compared with those after being processed with sweet rice wine(P＜0.05).Compared with the raw product,prolonged PT,APTT and TT were observable in the processed products prepared by 3-year semi-dry rice wine(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The optimal rice wine type is determined to be 3-year semi-dry.Wine-washed Angelicae sinensis Radix shows high contents of ferulic acid and volatile constituents,whose activating blood and resolving stasis effect may be stronger.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of needle-knife on the chondrocyte apoptosis of knee joint in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) based on the CircSERPINE2-miR-1271-5P-E26 specific transformation-related gene (ERG) axis, and to explore the mechanism of needle-knife for KOA. METHODS: Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a needle-knife group and a sham needle-knife group, 9 rabbits in each group. The rabbits in the model group, the needle-knife group and the sham needle-knife group were treated with modified Videman method to prepare KOA model. After successful modeling, the rabbits in the needle-knife group were treated with needle-knife at cord adhesion and nodules near quadriceps femoris tendon and internal and external collateral ligament on the affected knee joint; the rabbits in the sham needle-knife group were treated with sham needle-knife baside the needle insertion point of the needle-knife group (needle-knife was only inserted, without any operation). The treatment was given once a week, 3 times in total. The Lequesne MG behavioral score was used to evaluate the knee joint damage in each group before and after intervention. After intervention, HE staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the cartilage tissue morphology and ultrastructure of chondrocytes in the knee joint in each group; TUNEL method was used to detect the level of chondrocyte apoptosis in the knee joint; real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of CircSERPINE2, miR-1271-5P and ERG mRNA in knee cartilage tissue in each group. RESULTS: After intervention, compared with the normal group, the Lequesne MG behavioral score in the model group was increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group and the sham needle-knife group, the Lequesne MG behavioral score in the needle-knife group was decreased (P<0.01). In the model group and the sham needle-knife group, the number of chondrocytes and organelles was decreased, the cell nucleus was shrunk, mitochondria was swelling or disappeared; in the needle-knife group, the number of chondrocytes and organelles was increased, the cell nucleus was not obviously shrunk and the mitochondria was not obviously swelling. Compared with the normal group, the level of chondrocyte apoptosis in the model group was increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group and the sham needle-knife group, the level of chondrocyte apoptosis in the needle-knife group was decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, the expression of CircSERPINE2 and ERG mRNA in the model group was decreased (P<0.01), and the expression of miR-1271-5P mRNA was increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group and the sham needle-knife group, the expression of CircSERPINE2 and ERG mRNA in the needle-knife group was increased (P<0.01), and the expression of miR-1271-5P mRNA was decreased (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Needle-knife could reduce the knee joint damage and chondrocyte apoptosis in KOA rabbits, which may be related to up-regulating the expression of CircSERPINE2 and ERG mRNA, and inhibiting the expression of miR-1271-5P mRNA.
Rabbits ; Animals ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/metabolism* ; Chondrocytes/metabolism* ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Apoptosis ; MicroRNAs/genetics*

Herpes simplex keratitis(HSK), caused by the infection of herpes simplex virus type Ⅰ(HSV-1)in cornea, is a global blinding corneal disease. After the primary infection in ocular surface, HSV-1 is transported into trigeminal ganglion and establishes the life-lasting latency, and it results in recurrent keratopathy. In the process of studying the latent mechanism of HSV, it has been gradually recognized that both the virus itself and the host response regulate the latent process of HSV. In recent years, a large number of research results have been obtained on the molecular mechanisms of invasion, immunity, latency and recurrence of neurotropic viruses, which provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of HSK. In the present review, the recent progress of HSV latency mechanism in trigeminal ganglion after the primary infection in corneal surface was introduced, and the unsolved basic and clinical problems in HSK were discussed.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of shading intensity on the growth, yield, and quality of Artemisia stolonifera so as to provide references for the artificial cultivation of A. stolonifera. The seedlings of A. stolonifera with consistent growth underwent shading treatment at four shading intensity levels(0, 55%, 85%, and 95%) with different layers of black shading nets. The agronomic indexes, yield, moxa yield, total ash, quality characteristics of moxa during combustion and pyrolysis, main volatile components, flavonoids, and phenolic acids were measured. The results showed that under shading conditions, the stem diameter, leaf width, 5-leaf spacing, branch number, and yield of A. stolonifera decreased significantly, while the plant height, leaf length, leaf number, chlorophyll content, and moxa yield increased first and then decreased with the increase in shading intensity. The burning performance of moxa under natural light was better than that under moderate and severe shading conditions. The content of eucalyptol first increased and then decreased with the increase in shading intensity. The humulene content was negatively correlated with shading intensity. Other major volatile components showed no significant difference under various shading conditions. The content of neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isoschaftoside, and isochlorogenic acid B was positively correlated with shading intensity, while the content of chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, and isochlorogenic acid C decreased first and then increased with the increase in shading intensity. To sum up, A. stolonifera is a light-loving plant, and shading can greatly reduce the yield, the content of internal components, and the burning performance of moxa. It is the main reason why A. stolonifera is mainly distributed in the forest edge, open forest, roadside, and wasteland grass in the middle and high mountains in the wild. For artificial domestication and cultivation of A. stolonifera, it is better to select plots with sufficient light.

This paper aims to compare the difference of growth and quality between wild and cultivated Artemisia stolonifera, thereby providing references for further development and utilization of A. stolonifera. The wild and cultivated A. stolonifera from different altitudes were collected, and the agronomic characters, moxa yield, volatile components, flavonoids, and phenolic acids were determined. The results showed that the cultivated species were taller and stronger, with more leaves and branches, than the wild species. The moxa yield and combustion quality of wild products were higher than those of cultivated products. The content of main volatile components in cultivated products was higher than that in wild products. The content of flavonoids and phenolic acids in wild products was higher than that in cultivated products. At high altitude, the ignition performance, combustion persistence, comprehensive combustion performance, and heat release during combustion of the wild and cultivated A. stolonifera. were optimal. At middle altitude, the content of main characteristic volatile components and flavone phenolic acids in the leaves of the cultivated and wild A. stolonifera were the highest. At low altitude, the combustion quality and the content of the above components of the cultivated A. stolonifera decrease significantly. Considering the combustion quality and the content of the internal components of the leaf lint, the middle and high altitude areas are suitable for the artificial cultivation of A. stolonifera.
Artemisia ; Agriculture ; Flavonoids ; Plant Leaves ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal

Artemisia stolonifera is a relative of A. argyi. The two species are difficult to be distinguished due to the similarity in leaf shape and have even less distinctive features after processing. This study aims to establish a method to quickly distinguish between them. At the same time, we examined the reasonability and applicability of the specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method. The C/T single nucleotide polymorphism was detected at the position 202 of the sequence, based on which specific primers were designed to identify these two species. The PCR with the specific primer JNC-F and the universal primer ITS3R produced a specific band at 218 bp for A. argyi and no band for A. stolonifera, which can be used to detect at least 3% of A. argyi samples mixed in A. stolonifera samples. The PCR with the specific primer KY-F and the universal primer ITS3R produced a specific band at 218 bp for A. stolonifera and no band for A. argyi, which can be used to detect at least 5% of A. stolonifera samples mixed with A. argyi. The limit of detection of the established method was 5 ng DNA. The established PCR method can accurately distinguish between A. stolonifera and A. argyi, which provides an experimental basis for the quality control of A. stolonifera and determines whether the herbs are adulterated.
Artemisia/genetics* ; Trichomes ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; Plant Leaves/genetics*