Objective: To analyze changes in tuberculosis infection among junior high school students before and after tuberculosis exposure, so as to provide a reference for improving school tuberculosis prevention and control measures and policy formulation. Methods: Retrospectively collect data on a tuberculosis outbreak that occurred in a grade of a junior high school in Chongqing in 2025, including tuberculosis screening records of students in this grade upon their enrollment in 2022 (1 156 students) and after two tuberculosis outbreaks in 2023 (206 students) and 2025 (171 students). The Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired design was used to compare the induration diameters of the subjects, and the Chi square test was adopted to analyze the rate of tuberculosis infection among students. Results: In the tuberculosis outbreak in 2023, the rate of tuberculosis infection among close contacts ( 11.84 %) and the rate of tuberculosis infection among freshrman at school enrollment (12.89%) showed no statistically significant difference ( χ 2=0.25, P >0.05). The rate of tuberculosis infection of close contacts in the 2025 tuberculosis outbreak (55.56%) was higher than that in the 2023 outbreak (11.84%) ( χ 2=30.42, P <0.01). Among the 106 students included in the cohort analysis, the median induration diameter was 3.50 (1.50, 7.50) mm in 2023 and 8.75 (4.25, 11.50) mm in 2025, with a statistically significant difference ( Z=-5.76, P <0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the infection rate in 2022 (16.98%) and that in 2023 (10.38%) ( χ 2=1.96, P =0.16). The infection rate in 2025 (43.40%) was higher than those in 2022 and 2023 ( χ 2=17.55, 29.39, both P <0.017). The seroconversion rate of students in the same class in 2025 ( 58.00 %) was higher than that of students in different classes (16.07%), with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=20.19, P <0.01). All 72 individuals with latent tuberculosis infections identified during the pandemic in 2023 and 2025 refused to undergo prophylactic treatment. Conclusions The lack of preventive treatment may be the underlying cause of the successive outbreaks during the epidemic. Early detection of infection sources and standardized outbreak management are crucial to controlling the spread of the epidemic.

Objective To explore the risk factors of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 269 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who were treated in the Department of Endocrinology at Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from January 2020 to December 2024 were selected. The patients were divided into two groups: T2DM without PDN (n=190) and T2DM with PDN (n=79). The general characteristics and biochemical indicators of the two groups of patients were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the associated factors with PDN in T2DM. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate fasting C-peptide (FC-P), body mass index (BMI), and disease duration to predict the risk of PDN. Results Compared with the T2DM group without concurrent PDN, the T2DM group with concurrent PDN had a longer disease course, lower BMI, higher HDL-C, lower FC-P, and a higher proportion of diabetic retinopathy. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI, duration, and FC-P were associated factors of PDN. Conclusion BMI, duration and FC-P are associated factors of painful neuropathy complicated with type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of total alkaloids of Corydalis Rhizoma （TAC） on the regulation of cuproptosis in rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM） based on silence information regulator 1（Sirt1）/tumor protein 53（P53）signaling pathway. METHODS DCM rat model was induced by high-fat and high-sugar diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Thirty-two model rats were randomly divided into model group， TAC low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （7， 10.5， 14 mg/kg）， with 8 rats in each group. An additional 8 rats were assigned to normal control group. Related drugs or normal saline were administered intragastrically in each group， once a day， for 4 weeks. After the last medication， the fasting blood glucose （FBG） levels of the rats were measured. The levels of myocardial creatine kinase （CK）， creatine kinase isoenzyme （CK-MB）， and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） in serum and myocardial tissue of rats were all detected. The pathological morphology， fibrosis degree， and Cu2+ deposition of myocardial tissue in rats were observed. The levels of Cu2+ and glutathione （GSH） in myocardial tissue， the expressions of Sirt1/P53 signaling pathway-related proteins [Sirt1， P53， solute carrier family 7 membrane 11 （SLC7A11）]， and iron-sulfur cluster-related proteins [ferredoxin 1 （FDX1）， lipoic acid synthetase （LIAS）， aconitase 2 （ACO2）， NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S8 （NDUFS8）， dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase （DLAT）， dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase （DLST）]， and heat shock protein 70 （HSP70） were all determined. RESULTS Compared with normal control group， the model group exhibited significantly elevated levels of FBG， CK， CK-MB and LDH in both serum and myocardial tissue， as well as increased 2+ levels of Cu in myocardial tissue and the expression of P53 and HSP70 proteins （P＜0.05）； the level of GSH and the expression levels of Sirt1， SLC7A11， FDX1， LIAS， ACO2， NDUFS8， DLAT， and DLST proteins in myocardial tissue were all significantly decreased （P＜0.05）； the myocardial tissue exhibited severe pathological damage， with numerous inflammatory cell infiltrations and significant fibrosis， as well as increased deposition of Cu2+. Compared with model group， most of the above quantitative indicators in rats were significantly reversed in TAC groups （P＜0.05）； the pathological damage to the myocardial tissue was alleviated， with reduced fibrosis and Cu2+ deposition. CONCLUSIONS TAC can ameliorate DCM in rats， and its mechanism of action may be related to activating the activity of the Sirt1/P53 signaling pathway， promoting the chelation of GSH with Cu2+， and inhibiting cuproptosis of cardiomyocyte.

Objective: This study aims to explore the influencing factors, formation mechanisms, and treatment methods of labial protuberance in the anterior maxilla during orthodontic treatment, providing a reference for clinical practice. Method: This study reports a case where the absence of upper anterior teeth 11 and 21, and the retraction tilting movement of teeth 12 and 22, resulted in labial protuberance and gingival hyperplasia. Alveolar osteoplasty and gingivoplasty were performed. The specific changes in the alveolar bone during the retraction of the anterior teeth and the characteristics of its remodeling were analyzed. Combined with relevant literature, the factors influencing the formation of labial protuberance in orthodontic patients, mechanisms, and methods for prevention and treatment were summarized. Results: After periodental surgery follow-up for 6 months, the gingival color and shape of teeth 12 and 22 were good, the labial alveolar bone was normal, and the overall condition was stable. A review of the literature showed that labial protuberance is more common in adult orthodontic patients, and the distance (>4 mm) and speed of retraction of anterior teeth are related to its formation, with the main mechanism likely being differential remodeling of the alveolar bone. In adult patients, the number of active osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the alveolar bone decreases, along with a reduction in metabolic activity and overall cellular activity, which diminishes the reactivity of the alveolar bone. After treatment of anterior teeth retraction, there is insufficient labial bone resorption. Moreover, the lack of mechanical stress-mediated periodontal ligament in the interdental space leads to reduced bone remodeling stimulation in this area, resulting in thickening of the labial alveolar bone of the upper anterior teeth. The remodeling rates of cortical and trabecular bone differ, with active trabecular bone proliferation near the tooth root surface and slow cortical bone resorption near the outer surface, which ultimately results in increased bone thickness at the labial cervical region. Specific case analysis indicates that the retraction distance of the upper anterior teeth in this case was about 6 mm. The alveolar bone at the missing sites of teeth 11 and 21, lacking periodontal ligament stimulation, showed less remodeling and absorption, likely appearing as hyperplasia. The prevention of labial bone protrusion mainly involves controlling the speed and distance of retraction of anterior teeth. Smaller labial protuberances generally do not require treatment, but those affecting function and aesthetics can be addressed with periodontal alveolar osteoplasty. Conclusion After the retraction of anterior teeth in orthodontics, a prominent, hard bone protuberance on the labial side can sometimes occur, which may be due to differential remodeling efficiency in different regions of the alveolar bone. For bone protuberance that influences aesthetics or function, periodontal alveolar osteoplasty can be a reliable option.

ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Baoshan District of Shanghai from 2008 to 2023, and to provide scientific evidence for surveillance and standardized management of HFMD. MethodsCase data for HFMD reported in the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System from 2008 to 2023 were collected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the population characteristics, and the Joinpoint regression models were applied to assess the temporal trends of HFMD in Baoshan District. ResultsA total of 43 853 HFMD cases were reported from 2008 to 2023 in Baoshan District, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.50∶1. The majority of cases were children, among which scattered children and preschool children accounted for 54.67% and 36.58%, respectively, with 88.00% occurring in children under 5 years old. The average annual incidence rate was147.22/100 000 individuals. The pathogen detection rate in 2018 was 58.60% (109/186). Prior to 2020, CoxA16 was the predominant strain, while EV71 was not detected after 2019. ConclusionThe incidence of HFMD in Baoshan District of Shanghai was influenced by multiple factors including the inclusion in the notifiable infectious disease surveillance system, the introduction of EV71 vaccination, and the COVID-19 pandemic timeline. Populations characterized by highly mobility and frequent external contacts were at high risk for HFMD in Baoshan District. The predominant circulating strains had shifted sequentially from EV71 and CoxA16 to CoxA6.

A pyrene-phenol-based fluorescent probe PyP which showed typical intramolecular charge transfer(ICT)and monomer-excimer activities was synthesized by using pyrene carboxaldehyde hydrazone and 4-tert-butyl-2,6-diformylphenol as the raw materials.The effects of solvents on PyP were studied,and the results showed that the color of protic polar solvents(Ethanol,N,N-dimethylformamide,methanol and H2O)were successfully identified.Based on the solvent polarity-regulated PyP monomer-excimer switching,the rapid and highly sensitive ratiometric probe,"Turn-off"and"Turn-on"multimodal probes were established for detection of trace water content in organic solvents(Dimethyl sulfoxide,N,N-dimethylformamide,ethanol and methanol),with detection limits(3σ/k)of 0.0021％,0.046％,0.062％and 0.024％.The method was successfully used to detect water content in dimethyl sulfoxide,N,N-dimethy lformamide,ethanol and methanol commercial organic solvents,with recoveries ranging from 97.2％to 108.0％.The developed method showed good accuracy and stability,and had good application prospect.

Objective:To construct univariate and multivariate relapse free survival (RFS) prediction models for breast cancer patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and to compare and select the model with higher predictive performance.Methods:A total of 912 breast cancer patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from January 2010 to December 2016 were included, of which 202 patients had T2DM and 710 patients did not. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was drawn based on whether patients had T2DM, and log-rank test was performed based on whether patients had T2DM. All patients were randomly divided into a training set ( n=640) and a validation set ( n=272) at a ratio of 7∶3. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression models were used to analyze RFS in breast cancer patients with the survival package. The "rms" package was employed to construct univariate and multivariate RFS prediction models for breast cancer patients with T2DM. Clinical decision curves and calibration curves were used to validate the models. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare and analyze the prediction performance of the two models. Results:There were no statistically significant differences between the training set and the validation set patients in terms of age, T2DM, surgical approach, axillary management methods, T stage, N stage, molecular sub-type, estrogen receptor (ER) 1, ER2, progesterone receptor (PR) , ER and PR consistency, Ki67, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (all P>0.05) . There was a statistically significant difference in histological grade ( χ2=7.59, P=0.022) . Survival analysis showed that the 5-year RFS rate was 83.7% in patients with T2DM and 92.3% in patients without T2DM ( χ2=16.61, P<0.001) . Univariate analysis revealed that age ( HR=1.04, 95% CI: 1.03-1.06, P<0.001) , T2DM ( HR=2.31, 95% CI: 1.49-3.55, P<0.001) , surgical approach ( HR=2.39, 95% CI: 1.20-4.77, P=0.013) , axillary management methods ( HR=2.62, 95% CI: 1.72-3.98, P<0.001) , T stage (T 2: HR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.36-3.31, P<0.001; T 3: HR=6.90, 95% CI: 3.35-14.22, P<0.001) , N stage (N 2: HR=3.87, 95% CI: 2.12-7.07, P<0.001; N 3: HR=8.61, 95% CI: 4.71-15.75, P<0.001) , molecular sub-type (Luminal B: HR=2.74, 95% CI: 1.17-6.36, P=0.019; HER2 +: HR=3.64, 95% CI: 1.38-9.58, P=0.009; TNBC: HR=4.40, 95% CI: 1.71-11.34, P=0.002) , ER1 (>10%: HR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.37-0.90, P=0.016) , ER2 ( HR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.37-0.89, P=0.015) , and PR ( HR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.37-0.86, P=0.008) were all factors influencing RFS in breast cancer patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age ( HR=1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.06, P<0.001) , T2DM ( HR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.16-2.85, P=0.009) , T stage (T 2: HR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.01-2.54, P=0.046; T 3: HR=2.64, 95% CI: 1.22-5.72, P=0.014) , N stage (N 2: HR=3.72, 95% CI: 2.01-6.88, P<0.001; N 3: HR=5.34, 95% CI: 2.78-10.25, P<0.001) , and ER1 (>10%: HR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.39-0.99, P=0.046) were independent factors influencing RFS in breast cancer patients. Based on the 10 and 5 variables with P<0.05 in the univariate and multivariate analyses respectively, the nomograms of the univariate and multivariate prediction models were constructed to evaluate the influence of factors such as T2DM on the postoperative RFS of breast cancer patients. Clinical decision curves and calibration curves indicated that both models had high predictive value for RFS in breast cancer patients, and the predictive results were highly consistent with the actual observed results. ROC curve analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the area under the curve (AUC) of the two models for predicting the RFS rates of breast cancer patients in the training set and validation set at 36, 60, and 84 months (all P>0.05) , indicating that the predictive efficacy of the two models was comparable. The multivariate model is more suitable for clinical application because it uses fewer variables. Conclusions:Breast cancer patients with T2DM have poorer prognosis. Age, T2DM, T stage, N stage, and ER1 are independent factors influencing postoperative RFS in breast cancer patients. The multi-factor prediction model of RFS in breast cancer patients based on T2DM is more suitable for clinical application due to its higher predictive efficacy and fewer variables.