As a high-quality moxibustion material, Artemisia stolonifera has high economic value and research prospects. However, due to difficulties in seed germination, its wild germplasm resources are sparsely distributed in China. This study used young stem segments grown in the current year to investigate the effects of explant sterilization, different combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulators on the proliferation and rooting of adventitious shoots, with the aim of constructing an in vitro rapid propagation technology system for A. stolonifera. The results showed that the lowest contamination rate of 25.83% was achieved when sterilizing the stem segments by rinsing with running water for 30 min, soaking in 75% ethanol for 30 s, followed by a 5 min treatment with 0.1% HgCl_2, 10 min with 8% NaClO, and 10 min with 0.6% phytosaniline. There was no browning of the stem segments, and surface sterilization of the A. stolonifera stem segments was successfully achieved. In the induction culture phase, when the concentration of kinetin(KT) was 0.05 mg·L~(-1) and 6-benzylaminopurine(6-BA) was 0.05 mg·L~(-1), the adventitious shoot proliferation coefficient was 2.02, effectively promoting the proliferation and growth of A. stolonifera. In the rooting culture phase, 0.1 mg·L~(-1) 1-naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA) effectively induced A. stolonifera test-tube seedlings to root within a short period, achieving a rooting rate of 100%. The addition of a small amount of activated charcoal also promoted rooting and strengthened seedling growth. The survival rate of A. stolonifera seedlings transplanted into a substrate consisting of 90% nutrient soil and 10% perlite was 100%. This study established an efficient in vitro rapid propagation system for A. stolonifera, overcoming difficulties with seed germination, shortening the breeding cycle, and reducing production and planting costs. It provides technical support for the introduction, domestication, seedling propagation, germplasm conservation, and industrial development of A. stolonifera.
Artemisia/drug effects* ; Tissue Culture Techniques/methods* ; Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology* ; Plant Stems/drug effects* ; Plant Shoots/drug effects*

The medicinal materials of Bawei Chenxiang Pills(BCPs) were extracted via three methods: reflux extraction by water, reflux extraction by 70% ethanol, and extraction by pure water following reflux extraction by 70% ethanol, yielding three extracts of ST, CT, and CST. The efficacy of ST(760 mg·kg~(-1)), CT(620 mg·kg~(-1)), and CST(1 040 mg·kg~(-1)) were evaluated by acute myocardial ischemia(AMI) and p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)-induced insomnia in mice, respectively. Western blot was further utilized to investigate their hypnosis mechanisms. The main chemical components of different extracts were identified by the UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS technique. The results showed that CT and CST significantly increased the ejection fraction(EF) and fractional shortening(FS) of myocardial infarction mice, reduced left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole(LVIDd) and left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole(LVIDs). In contrast, ST did not exhibit significant effects on these parameters. In the insomnia model, CT significantly reduced sleep latency and prolonged sleep duration, whereas ST only prolonged sleep duration without shortening sleep latency. CST showed no significant effects on either sleep latency or sleep duration. Additionally, both CT and ST upregulated glutamic acid decarboxylase 67(GAD67) protein expression in brain tissue. A total of 15 main chemical components were identified from CT, including 2-(2-phenylethyl) chromone and 6-methoxy-2-(2-phenylethyl) chromone. Six chemical components including chebulidic acid were identified from ST. The results suggested that chromones and terpenes were potential anti-myocardial ischemia drugs of BCPs, and tannin and phenolic acids were potential hypnosis drugs. This study enriches the pharmacological and chemical research of BCPs, providing a basis and reference for their secondary development, quality standard improvement, and clinical application.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification* ; Mice ; Male ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy* ; Myocardial Ischemia/drug therapy*

Objective To observe the effectiveness of fluorescence labeling-based assay bundle intervention in the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO)infection.Methods Patients who were detected MDRO in a hospital from January to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects.MDRO monitoring data and implementation status of prevention and control measures were collected.Fluorescence labeling assay was adopted to monitor the cleaning and disinfection effectiveness of the surrounding object surface of the bed units.Based on the bundled prevention and control measures as well as management mode of the pre-intervention group,the post-intervention group implemented enhanced rectification measures for the problems found by the pre-interven-tion group.Changes in relevant indicators between January-June 2022(before intervention)and July-December 2022(after intervention)were compared.Results There were 136 MDRO-infected patients in the pre-intervention group,208 MDRO strains were detected and 10 healthcare-associated infection(HAI)occurred.There were 128 MDRO-infected patients in the post-intervention group,198 MDRO strains were detected and 9 HAI occurred.Af-ter intervention,the total detection rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),carbapenem-re-sistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB),and total MDRO from patients decreased significantly compared to before intervention(all P＜0.05).After intervention,the detection rates of MRSA,carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPA),CRAB,and total MDRO from the surrounding object surface were all lower than those before intervention(all P＜0.05).The detection rate of MDRO from surrounding object surface before intervention was 34.52％,which showed a decreased trend after intervention(P＜0.05).The clearance rate of fluorescent labeled markers before intervention was 41.84％,which showed an upward trend after implementing intervention measures(from July to December),and increased to 85.00％at the end of intervention(November-December).The comp-liance rates of issuing isolation medical orders,placing isolation labels,using medical supplies exclusively,and cor-rectly handling medical waste after intervention have all increased compared to before intervention(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Adopting fluorescence labeling-based assay bundle intervention can effectively improve the effectiveness of MDRO infection prevention and control.

The conversion of carbon dioxide into high value-added energy has become a research hotspot.In this study,by using Ti3AlC2 and CuCl2·2H2O as precursors,accordion-like two-dimensional Cu0/Cu2+-Ti3C2Tx catalysts modified with Cu0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ self-intercalation were successfully prepared for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2.The performance of the material was tested,and the results showed that in a CO2-saturated 0.5 mol/L KHCO3 electrolyte solution,compared with the original Ti3AlC2,the initial potential of the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to C2H4 over Cu0/Cu2+-Ti3C2Tx catalyst decreased from ?0.65 V(vs RHE)to?0.01 V(vs RHE).The maximum current density increased from 0.19 mA/cm2 to 2.5 mA/cm2,the double layer capacitance(Cdl)value increased from 2.61 mF/cm2 to 55.06 mF/cm2.The material showed higher catalytic activity and faster electron transfer rate(Charge transfer resistance(Rct)value was only 16.9 Ω).Moreover,the material showed high electrochemical active area and excellent stability.This research provided a promising method for designing and preparing elcetrocatalytic reduction(ECR)catalysts in the future.

ObjectiveAngle-closure glaucoma (ACG) is one of the major eye-blinding diseases. To diagnose ACG, it is crucial to examine the anterior chamber angle. Current diagnostic tools include slit lamp gonioscopy, water gonioscopy, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Slit lamp and water gonioscopy allow convenient observation of the anterior chamber angle, but pose risks of invasive operation and eye infections. UBM can accurately measure the structure of the anterior chamber angle. However, it is complex to operate and unsuitable for patients, who have undergone trauma or ocular surgery. Although AS-OCT provides detailed images, it is costly. The aim of this study is to explore a non-invasive, non-destructive optical reflection tomography (ORT) technique. This technique can achieve low-cost three-dimensional imaging and full-field anterior chamber angle measurement of the porcine eye. MethodsThe experiment involved assembling an optical reflection tomography system, which included a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) camera, a telecentric system, a stepper motor, and a white light source, achieving a spatial resolution of approximately 8.5 μm. The process required positioning the porcine eye at the center of the field of the imaging system and rotating it around its central axis using a stepper motor. Reflection projection images were captured at each angle with an exposure time of 1.0 ms and an interval of 2°. The collected reflection-projection data were processed using a filtered reflection tomography algorithm, generating a series of two-dimensional slice data. These slices essentially represented cross-sectional views of the three-dimensional structural image, and were reconstructed into a complete three-dimensional structural image. Based on the reconstructed three-dimensional structural image of the porcine eye, the anterior chamber angles at different positions were measured, and a distribution map of these angles was drawn. Simultaneously, the ORT measurements were compared with the standard results obtained from optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the accuracy of ORT measurements. ResultsIn this study, we successfully obtained the reflection projection data of a porcine eye using ORT technology, reconstructed its three-dimensional structural image, and measured the anterior chamber angle, generating the corresponding distribution map. To better distinguish the different structural parts of porcine eye, the three-dimensional structural image was marked with blue, green, and yellow dashed lines from the outer to the inner layers. The area between the blue and green dashed lines corresponded to the sclera. The area between the green and yellow dashed lines corresponded to the iris. The area inside the yellow dashed line corresponded to the pupil. The three-dimensional structural image clearly revealed the key anatomical features of the porcine eye. It was able to measure the anterior chamber angle at different positions. Additionally, the anterior chamber angle measurements of the porcine eye using ORT were compared with the measurements obtained using a TEL320C1 type OCT system, showing an average deviation of 0.51° and a mean square error MSE of 0.317. ConclusionORT is a non-invasive, non-destructive, low-cost, and high-resolution imaging technique capable of achieving three-dimensional structural imaging and full-field anterior chamber angle measurement of a porcine eye. This technology offers a new perspective for the diagnosis of angle-closure glaucoma and is significant for the screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of eye diseases, potentially benefiting clinics and small hospitals in remote areas in the future.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the intervention effect of Ruyi Zhenbaowan （RYZBW） on secondary brain injury and central pain in mice with hemorrhagic stroke and to explore its pharmacological mechanism of repairing the neurovascular unit from the perspective of neuroinflammation. MethodA mouse model of central post-stroke pain （CPSP） was established by microinjecting type Ⅳ collagenase into the ventroposterior thalamic nucleus. The day of model establishment was recorded as D1， and the mice were divided into Sham operation group （Sham）， model group （CPSP）， low （RYZBW-L）， medium （RYZBW-M）， and high （RYZBW-H） dose groups of RYZBW， and positive drug pregabalin （PGB） group. On the 4th day （D4） after model establishment， gavage administration was performed twice daily. The Sham and CPSP groups received an equal volume of normal saline， while the RYZBW-L， RYZBW-M， and RYZBW-H groups received RYZBW at 1.214， 1.821， 2.428 g·kg^-1， respectively， and the PGB group received PGB at 0.046 g·kg^-1. Mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed before model establishment （D0）， on the 3rd day （D3）， and after the first gavage on D4. Nerve damage was evaluated after the second gavage on D1 and D4. On D4， peripheral blood was collected for routine blood tests， and the thalamus was collected for immune-inflammation microarray analysis. In independent samples， quantitative analysis was performed on the localization of immune-inflammatory factors， receptors， and cells via immunofluorescence staining， enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and Western blot analysis. ResultCompared with the Sham group， CPSP mice showed significant secondary nerve injury， central pain after stroke （P<0.05，P<0.01）， increased red blood cell distribution width （RDW） in peripheral blood （P<0.05）， and decreased hemoglobin （HGB） concentration （P<0.05）. Immune-inflammation microarray analysis showed that CC chemokine ligand 2 （CCL2） in the CPSP thalamus was significantly increased compared to the Sham group （P<0.01）， while CX3C chemokine ligand 1 （CX3CL1） was significantly decreased （P<0.05）. These results were confirmed by ELISA and immunofluorescence staining. Western blot analysis indicated that the protein expression of CX3CR1， the receptor for CX3CL1， was significantly decreased in the CPSP group compared to the Sham group （P<0.01）. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the number of Ly6C⁺CX3CR1⁺ non-classical monocytes in the CPSP group did not change significantly， while the number of classical monocytes （CX3CR1^-Ly6C⁺） significantly increased （P<0.01）. The expression of CX3CR1 in microglia was significantly increased in the CPSP group （P<0.01）. Compared with the CPSP group， RYZBW improved neurological deficits （R²=0.367 9） and central pain symptoms （R²=0.501 9） in a dose-dependent manner. RYZBW-H significantly improved peripheral blood RDW and HGB （P<0.05）. Immune-inflammation microarray analysis and ELISA results showed that RYZBW-H significantly inhibited CCL2 expression （P<0.01） and increased CX3CL1 expression （P<0.05）. Western blot results indicated that the protein expression of CX3CR1 in the RYZBW-L and RYZBW-H groups was significantly increased （P<0.05）. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that RYZBW increased the overall expression of CX3CR1 in a dose-dependent manner （R²=0.619 6）， inhibited the expression of CX3CR1 on microglia， and decreased both the number （R²=0.494 5） and soma area （R²=0.571 7） of microglia compared with the CPSP group. Additionally， RYZBW increased the infiltration of CX3CR1⁺Ly6C⁺ non-classical monocytes in a dose-dependent manner （R²=0.635 3） and effectively inhibited the infiltration of Ly6C⁺CX3CR1^- classical monocytes （R²=0.483 6）. ConclusionRYZBW can effectively alleviate secondary injury and central pain in CPSP mice， and its mechanism involves regulating the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 ligand-receptor interaction， inhibiting microglial infiltration and activation， promoting non-classical monocyte infiltration for vascular repair， and suppressing the infiltration of classical monocytes for inflammatory phagocytosis.

OBJECTIVE:The rabbit model of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head is the most commonly used animal model of femoral head necrosis.The pathological changes of the femoral head are close to clinical practice,however,the conditions,methods and evaluation standards of animal models reported in and outside China are not uniform,which leads to the low scientific value of animal models and is difficult to popularize.This study aimed to clarify the influence of different mold-making conditions on the establishment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head rabbit model and analyze the appropriate conditions for the successful model establishment. METHODS:We searched the CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,WoS,PubMed and EMbsae databases for the literature on the modeling of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head rabbits up to April 1,2022,completed the screening of the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and literature quality evaluation,and extracted the outcome index data in the literature.RevMan Stata and ADDIS statistical software were used to conduct a meta-analysis of the included data. RESULTS:(1)A total of 82 articles with 1 366 rabbits were included in the study.The steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head modeling methods were divided into three types:steroid-alone method,steroid combined lipopolysaccharide method and steroid combined serum method.Among these,33 articles used steroid-alone method;20 articles used steroid combined lipopolysaccharide method;29 articles used steroid combined serum method.(2)Meta-analysis results showed that the three modeling methods significantly increased the rate of empty bone lacunae in the femoral head of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head rabbits(P<0.001),and significantly decreased the ratio of the trabecular bone area in the femoral head of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head rabbits(P<0.001).The order of empty bone lacunae rate of each modeling method was:steroid combined with lipopolysaccharide method>steroid-alone method>steroid combined with serum method>normal group,and the order of trabecular bone area rate of each modeling method was:normal group>steroid combined with serum method>steroid-alone method>steroid combined with lipopolysaccharide method.(3)The results of subgroup analysis suggested that the rate of empty bone lacunae in the rabbit model induced by steroid alone might be related to the rabbit variety and the type of steroid used for modeling(difference between groups P<0.05),in which the combined effect amount of New Zealand white rabbits was higher than that of Chinese white rabbits(P<0.05)and Japanese white rabbits,and the combined effect amount of dexamethasone was higher than that of other steroids.The rate of empty bone lacunae induced by steroid combined with lipopolysaccharide was related to the administration mode of lipopolysaccharide and the type of steroid(P<0.05),among which the combined effect of methylprednisolone sodium succinate was significantly higher than that of other steroids(P<0.05),and the combined effect of prednisolone was significantly lower than that of other steroids(P<0.05).The combined effect of lipopolysaccharide 100 μg/kg×twice was significantly lower than 10 μg/kg×twice and 50 μg/kg×twice(P<0.05).The rate of empty bone lacunae in the model induced by steroid combined with serum was related to serum dose and steroid type(P<0.05),among which the combined effect amount of dexamethasone sodium phosphate was significantly higher than other steroid types(P<0.05),and the combined effect amount of dexamethasone was significantly lower than other steroid types(P<0.05);the combined effect amount of serum"10 mL/kg+6 mL/kg"combined dose was lower than other serum doses(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:(1)With the rate of empty bone lacunae and the ratio of trabecular bone area as the judgment standard for the successful establishment of the model,the three modeling methods can successfully construct the rabbit steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head model,of which the steroid combined with lipopolysaccharide method is the best.(2)New Zealand white rabbits and dexamethasone are recommended when selecting the steroid-alone method.Methylprednisolone sodium succinate and low-dose lipopolysaccharide are recommended when selecting the steroid combined with lipopolysaccharide method.Dexamethasone sodium phosphate is recommended when selecting the steroid combined with serum modeling method.

Objective To study the effects of scutellarin on endometrial carcinoma Ishikawa cells,and analyze the correlation between the effects and phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase(PI3 K)/protein kinase B(Akt)signaling pathway.Methods Ishikawa cells were divided into blank group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups,each group was treated with complete medium containing 0,5,10 and 20 μmol·L-1 scutellarin,respectively.Cell viability,clonal formation ability,metastatic ability,invasion,apoptosis and protein expression were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8),plate cloning,scratch,Transwell,flow cytometry and Western blot assay,respectively.Results The cell viability of blank group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups at 48 h were(100.00±0.00)％,(78.51±7.54)％,(52.93±4.91)％and(41.62±5.33)％;the clone formation rate were(100.00±0.00)％,(56.59±6.34)％,(35.23±4.62)％and(10.66±1.91)％;the scratch healing rate were(53.70±6.19)％,(40.59±4.75)％,(34.25±4.40)％and(15.78±2.14)％;the number of invasive cells were 189.70±14.06,106.82±12.67,84.37±8.13 and 53.74±6.78;the relative expression levels of matrixmetallo proteinase-2 were 0.96±0.10,0.73±0.06,0.68±0.08 and 0.42±0.05;tissue inhibitor of MMP-1(TIMP-1)were 0.35±0.04,0.51±0.05,0.74±0.08 and 1.20±0.14;the apoptosis rates were(4.21±0.53)％,(15.83±2.42)％,(22.72±3.85)％and(34.41±4.67)％;the relative expression levels of B cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)were 1.38±0.15,0.90±0.10,0.56±0.06 and 0.24±0.03;Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax)were 0.31±0.02,0.44±0.04,0.93±0.11 and 1.26±0.14;the relative expression levels of PI3Kp85 were 0.67±0.05,0.42±0.04,0.36±0.02 and 0.28±0.03;phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt)were 0.78±0.06,0.53±0.04,0.46±0.05 and 0.42±0.03.Compared with the blank group,the above indexes in the experimental-L,-M,-H groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion Scutellarin can inhibit the proliferation,metastatic ability and invasion of endometrial carcinoma Ishikawa cells and promote apoptosis by regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of paeoniflorin(PAE)on thrombosis angiitis obliterans(TAO)in rats.Methods TAO rat model was established by sodium laurate injection.Rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(intraperitoneal injection of 0.9％NaCl),model group(intraperitoneal injection of 0.9％NaCl),experimental-L,-H groups(intraperitoneal injection of PAE 5,20 mg·kg-1·d-1),experimental-H+agonist group(intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg·kg-1·d-1 PAE+caudal vein injection of 10 ng·mL-1·kg 1·d-1 740 Y-P).Thrombin time(TT)was measured by magnetic bead coagulation;the levels of interleukin(IL)-1 β and endothelin 1(ET-1)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit;the expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),phosphorylated-PI3K(p-PI3 K),protein kinase B(AKT),p-AKT,nuclear factor(NF)-κB p65,p-NF-κB p65 were detected by Western blotting.Results The TT of sham operation group,model group,experimental-L,-H groups and experimental-H+agonist group were(14.88±1.32),(10.02±0.95),(12.65±1.22),(14.70±1.36)and(10.64±1.21)s;IL-1β were(154.23±13.45),(356.69±31.17),(268.62±23.58),(199.64±20.87)and(337.48±31.46)pg·mL-1;ET-1 were(6.78±0.68),(14.43±1.14),(11.23±1.07),(8.20±0.81)and(13.33±1.27)pg·mL-1;p-PI3K/PI3K were 0.36±0.04,0.76±0.07,0.59±0.05,0.44±0.04 and 0.69±0.07;p-AKT/AKT were 0.52±0.05,0.90±0.09,0.74±0.08,0.61±0.06 and 0.86±0.08;p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 were 0.28±0.03,0.95±0.04,0.69±0.07,0.35±0.05 and 0.87±0.08,respectively.There were statistically significant differences between model group and sham operation group(all P＜0.05);the above indexes in experimental-L group and experimental-H group were significantly different from those in medel group(all P＜0.05);the above indexes in experimental-H+agonist group were significantly different from those in experimental-H group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion PAE may improve disease progression in TAO rats by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.