PURPOSE: The Iri station explosion that occurred in 1977 was a major social disaster in Korea, caused by a fire in a train equipped with explosives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the social disaster adaptation experiences of railroad workers. METHODS: This study was based on qualitative research using phenomenological methodology. Participants were six railroad workers who experienced the Iri station explosion. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with individual workers from March to June, 2018. The data analysis method was based on Colaizzi's approach. RESULTS: Experiences of railroad workers were categorized into 12 themes and the following 6 theme clusters: (1) Anxiety due to the extreme vibration and crash, (2) Terror regarding the horrible situation that one cannot face, (3) Anger about the cause of the explosion and a sense of relief about survival, (4) Confusion regarding different rumors, (5) Various efforts to return to daily life, and (6) Trauma that continues to exist. CONCLUSION The findings of this study recommend that railroad organizations and managers should pay attention to enhance disaster preparedness and develop organizational disaster coping guidelines for members. The results of this study can help us to better understand the various aspects of the Iri station explosion of 1977.

PURPOSE: The Iri station explosion that occurred in 1977 was a major social disaster in Korea, caused by a fire in a train equipped with explosives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the social disaster adaptation experiences of railroad workers. METHODS: This study was based on qualitative research using phenomenological methodology. Participants were six railroad workers who experienced the Iri station explosion. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with individual workers from March to June, 2018. The data analysis method was based on Colaizzi's approach. RESULTS: Experiences of railroad workers were categorized into 12 themes and the following 6 theme clusters: (1) Anxiety due to the extreme vibration and crash, (2) Terror regarding the horrible situation that one cannot face, (3) Anger about the cause of the explosion and a sense of relief about survival, (4) Confusion regarding different rumors, (5) Various efforts to return to daily life, and (6) Trauma that continues to exist. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study recommend that railroad organizations and managers should pay attention to enhance disaster preparedness and develop organizational disaster coping guidelines for members. The results of this study can help us to better understand the various aspects of the Iri station explosion of 1977.
Anger ; Anxiety ; Disasters ; Explosions ; Explosive Agents ; Fires ; Korea ; Methods ; Qualitative Research ; Railroads ; Statistics as Topic ; Vibration

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among fatigue, patient safety culture and safety care activities of hospital nurses, and to identify and explain factors influencing safety care activities. METHODS: The research participants were 187 nurses from a urban general hospital located in Korea. Self-evaluation questionnaires were used to collect the data. Data collection was done from January 10 to 31, 2019. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with the SPSS 24.0 program. RESULTS: There were significant negative relationships between fatigue and safety care activities (r=−.22, p=.003), and significant positive relationships between patient safety culture and safety care activities (r=.22, p=.003). Factors influencing safety care activities in hospital nurses were identified as type of unit (ICU) (β=.28), patient safety culture (β=.24) and fatigue (β=−.19). The explanation power of this regression model was 16% and it was statistically significant (F=8.29, p<.001). CONCLUSION: These results suggest the need to develop further management strategies for enhancement of safety care activities in hospital. To improve the levels of patient safety, education programs on patient safety should be developed and provided to nurses in hospitals.
Data Collection ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Education ; Fatigue ; Hospitals, General ; Korea ; Nursing ; Patient Safety

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to translate Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale (TSIS) into Korean and verify the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the TSIS. METHODS: This study used a methodological research design. Exploratory factor analysis, content, construct, criterion-related validity, and internal consistency reliability of the TSIS were evaluated. Participants, 269 nursing students, were recruited from three universities in three provinces in South Korea from November 2016 to April 2017. RESULTS: The Korean version of TSIS contained 16 items. Exploratory factor analysis showed three factors that explained the construct validity with a three-factor solution; that explained 61.3% of the total variance. Concurrent validity was associated with the Global Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale (r=.68, p<.001). Cronbach's α for the 16 items was .80. CONCLUSION: Our study findings suggest that the Korean version of TSIS was a valid and reliable scale with a robust factorial structure and useful for measuring social intelligence of nursing students.
Emotional Intelligence ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Korea ; Mental Competency ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Design ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the relationships among knowledge, attitudes and nursing activities while breastfeeding among nursing students, and to identify factors influencing nursing activities in breastfeeding. METHODS: The research participants were 172 nursing students in the nursing departments of 3 universities located in G city and J provinces. The students had successfully completed their obstetric and pediatric clinical practice courses. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. RESULTS: Participants' scores for knowledge, attitudes and nursing activities while breastfeeding were 16.24±2.73, 3.74±0.43 and 3.49±0.43, respectively. Knowledge and attitudes toward breastfeeding had positive correlations with nursing activities while breastfeeding. Factors influencing nursing students' nursing activities while breastfeeding included knowledge, attitudes toward breastfeeding, grade, breastfeeding educational experience, and breastfeeding intentions. These variables explained 18% of the variance in nursing activities while breastfeeding. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, it would be beneficial to enhance knowledge and attitudes toward breastfeeding by developing education programs for breastfeeding.
Breast Feeding ; Education ; Humans ; Intention ; Nursing ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate conflicts and the experiences of conflict resolution of hospital nurses. METHODS: This qualitative study used phenomenological methodology. The research participants were 8 nurses of C hospital. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews from November 2016 to February 2017. The data analysis method was based on Colaizzi's approach. RESULTS: The study results showed that the experiences of nurses consisted of 15 themes and 6 theme clusters: 1) Ambiguous role, 2) Recognizing lack of competence, 3) Difficulty maintaining relationships, 4) Unsatisfactory work environment, 5) Efforts to resolve conflicts, and 6) Conflict resolution process through labor union. CONCLUSION The findings of this study recommend that hospital organizations and managers should pay attention to improving the work environment and organizational culture of members. The results of the present study can improve the understanding of various aspects of the daily life of hospital nurses.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate conflicts and the experiences of conflict resolution of hospital nurses. METHODS: This qualitative study used phenomenological methodology. The research participants were 8 nurses of C hospital. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews from November 2016 to February 2017. The data analysis method was based on Colaizzi's approach. RESULTS: The study results showed that the experiences of nurses consisted of 15 themes and 6 theme clusters: 1) Ambiguous role, 2) Recognizing lack of competence, 3) Difficulty maintaining relationships, 4) Unsatisfactory work environment, 5) Efforts to resolve conflicts, and 6) Conflict resolution process through labor union. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study recommend that hospital organizations and managers should pay attention to improving the work environment and organizational culture of members. The results of the present study can improve the understanding of various aspects of the daily life of hospital nurses.
Labor Unions ; Mental Competency ; Methods ; Negotiating ; Organizational Culture ; Qualitative Research ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the relationship between communication skill, interpersonal ability and clinical competence of nursing students, and to identify factors influencing clinical competence. METHODS: Research participants were 172 nursing students in the nursing departments of 3 universities located in G city and J province. The students had completed over 2 semesters of clinical practice. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. RESULTS: Participants' scores for communication skill, interpersonal relationships and clinical competence were 3.81±0.42, 3.74±0.43 and 3.49±0.43 respectively. Communication skill, interpersonal relationships and clinical competence had positive correlations. Factors influencing nursing students' clinical competence included communication skill, interpersonal relationships, subjective health status and satisfaction with nursing as a major. These variables explained 40% of the variance in clinical competence. CONCLUSION: The findings show that development and application of educational programs to increase communication skill and interpersonal relationships are important and will improve nursing students' clinical competence.
Clinical Competence* ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Social Skills ; Students, Nursing*

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the relationship between participation motivation, satisfaction and continuance willingness of voluntary activities of nursing students, and to identify factors influencing continuance willingness of voluntary activities. METHODS: The research participants were 175 nursing students in the nursing departments of 3 universities located in G city and J province in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. RESULTS: Participants' scores for participation motivation, satisfaction and continuance willingness of voluntary activities were 3.24±0.76, 3.11±0.83 and 3.03±0.85 respectively. Participation motivation and satisfaction of voluntary activities had positive correlations. Satisfaction and continuance willingness of voluntary activities had positive correlations. Factors influencing nursing students' continuance willingness of voluntary activities included participation motivation and satisfaction of voluntary activities. And these variables explained 74% of the variance in continuance willingness of voluntary activities. CONCLUSION: The findings show that development and application of educational programs to increase participation motivation and satisfaction of voluntary activities are important and will improve nursing students' continuance willingness of voluntary activities.
Humans ; Korea ; Motivation* ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing* ; Volunteers

PURPOSE: Fatigue and clinical practice stress can negatively influence nursing students. This study was done to examine of communication skill as mediating effect variable in the relationship between fatigue and stress during clinical practice. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was employed. Research participants were 124 nursing students from G city and J province. Data were collected from December 1, 2016 to January 30, 2017 using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Baron and Kenny method. RESULTS: Fatigue had a significant negative correlation with communication skill (r=−.28, p=.001). Fatigue had a significant positive correlation with clinical practice stress (r=.39, p < .001). In addition, communication skill had a mediating effect in the relationship between fatigue and clinical practice stress. CONCLUSION: findings of this study indicate that communication skill plays an important role in reducing clinical practice stress in nursing students. Therefore, in the field of nursing education, a program to improve the communication ability of nursing students should be developed and applied.
Communication ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education, Nursing ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Methods ; Negotiating ; Nursing ; Students, Nursing