Objective: To investigate the current status of healthy school construction in public junior and senior high schools of Yinchuan, so as to provide data support and practical references for the optimized development of healthy school construction. Methods: In March 2026, a total of 60 schools (senior high school, urban junior high school and rural junior high school) in Yinchuan City, were selected combining stratified random sampling and convenience sampling methods. The survey was conducted using the "Reference Standards for Healthy School Construction in Primary and Secondary Schools and Kindergartens", comprising 16 indicators across three dimensions: indicator based, guarantee based, and measure based categories. Data were collected through on site inspections and document reviews. The compliance rates of various school types across different dimensions and indicators were calculated, and between group comparisons were performed using the Chi-square test. Results: A total of 28 public junior and senior high schools (46.7%) met the "healthy school" standard. The compliance rates for senior high schools, urban junior high schools and rural junior high schools were 61.1%, 53.8%, and 18.8%, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( χ 2=16.28, P <0.01). The overall compliance rates for indicator based, guarantee based, and measure based standards were 51.7%, 66.7%, and 63.3%, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( χ 2=18.42, P < 0.01 ). The compliance rates across all 16 indicators within the three dimensions differed significantly among different types of schools ( χ 2=6.32-26.47, all P <0.05), consistently showing a pattern of senior high schools > urban junior high schools > rural junior high schools. Conclusions The overall compliance of healthy school construction in public junior and senior high schools in Yinchuan City is suboptimal, with significant disparities across school types and unbalanced development across dimensions. Rural junior high schools exhibit notable deficiencies in healthy school construction.