Bruch's membrane opening(BMO)is the true anatomical border of the optic nerve head and provides higher anatomical accuracy, structural stability and measurement repeatability than traditional assessments based on the clinically visible optic disc margin. Optical coherence tomography(OCT)serves as a key technical tool for quantitative assessment of BMO-associated structural parameters. With the development of spectral-domain OCT(SD-OCT)and swept-source OCT(SS-OCT), parameters such as BMO-minimum rim width(BMO-MRW), BMO-minimum rim area(BMO-MRA), BMO area, offset, tilt, and torsion have emerged as important imaging biomarkers for evaluating optic nerve head morphology and for assisting in the diagnosis, staging, and longitudinal monitoring of glaucoma, myopia, and pathological myopia. Traditionally, the acquisition of these parameters has relied heavily on manual segmentation, which is limited by low efficiency, strong subjectivity, and considerable inter-observer variability. In recent years, artificial intelligence has been increasingly applied to OCT image segmentation, quality control, cross-device calibration, and automated quantitative analysis, thereby improving efficiency, objectivity, and reproducibility, particularly in eyes with complex optic disc morphology. This review summarizes recent advances in the BMO-related terminology standardization, imaging and quantitative methodologies, quality control,artificial intelligence-assisted analysis, as well as clinical evidence of its application in glaucoma, myopia and pathological myopia. Particular emphasis is placed on their potential value in the differential diagnosis and follow-up evaluation of highly myopic eyes with glaucoma, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized clinical application and future translational use of BMO-related parameters.

This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics and strain genotypic distribution of varicella in Fengtai District, Beijing, utilizing population-based surveillance data from March 2024 to February 2025 combined with laboratory nucleic acid detection and genotyping.We reported 522 varicella cases with male predominance (282 cases, 54.41%) and a majority aged >15 years (358 cases, 68.58%).A bimodal incidence pattern peaked in May and November, while 161 breakthrough infections (30.8%) occurred predominantly among students aged 6-20 years.The multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that, compared to the 0-5 years age group, individuals aged 6-14 years ( OR: 2.729, 95% CI: 1.083-6.88), 15-20 years ( OR: 2.495, 95% CI: 1.158-5.378), and>20 years ( OR: 5.382, 95% CI: 2.478-11.689) exhibited progressively higher odds of oderate-to-severe rash; females demonstrated a lower risk compared to males ( OR: 0.485, 95% CI: 0.286-0.822); regarding vaccination status, recipients of one vaccine dose ( OR: 0.301, 95% CI: 0.161-0.564) and two doses ( OR: 0.203, 95% CI: 0.086-0.48) showed significantly reduced risks relative to unvaccinated individuals. Genotyping of 174 specimens identified 161 VZV-positive samples, with successful ORF22/38/62 sequencing in 142 samples confirming Clade 2 predominance (141 strains, 99.3%) and one Clade 5 strain; local isolates exhibited high vaccine-strain homology (ORF22 nucleotide:99.5%-100%, amino acid:99.3%-100%) with mutation sites partially overlapping other Chinese regions.

The diagnosis of Meige's syndrome predominantly relies on the clinical assessment by physicians.Given the complexity and similarity of its symptoms to other neurological disorders,the diagnosis is crucial for both doctors and patients.Herein a detection dataset for Meige's syndrome is compiled from video recordings of 31 patients,and an automated diagnostic system for Meige's syndrome(MS-Net)applicable to untrimmed videos is developed.The system utilizes RetinaNet and UNet3+to construct temporal detection and segmentation branches for multi-scale feature extraction and temporal segmentation,obtains probability vectors for detection windows and the probability of disease onset per frame via the decoding of temporal detection and segmentation branches,and finally generates a refined probability for each window by processing the probability predictions from both branches using a multi-layer perceptron.The model performance is optimized using additional loss functions and data augmentation techniques,operating on features interpretable by clinical physicians.MS-Net can assist in the diagnosis of Meige's syndrome,improving the accuracy,convenience,and efficiency of the early diagnosis.The comparison of MS-Net with other state-of-the-art networks indicates that MS-Net achieves comparable performance in terms of average precision while utilizing interpretable features required in clinical practice.

To fully exploit Transformer for accurate registration,self-similarity context is used as a feature extractor to extract the semantic information of the voxel neighborhood context,using symmetric multi-scale discrete optimization with diffusion regularization to find smooth transformations for quickly calculating the point-by-point distance between descriptors.In addition,a spatial-channel Transformer based on window attention network is proposed,which combines channel,spatial attention and self-attention scheme based on(moving)window,and makes full use of the complementary advantages of these 3 attention mechanisms,enabling the network to utilize global statistical information and have strong local fitting ability.The results of comprehensive experiments on 3D brain MRI datasets of LPBA40,IXI and OASIS shows that the proposed method is superior to the commonly used registration methods(SyN,VoxelMorph,CycleMorph,ViT-V-Net and TransMorph)on several evaluation indicators,proving its effectiveness in deformable medical image registration.

This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics and strain genotypic distribution of varicella in Fengtai District, Beijing, utilizing population-based surveillance data from March 2024 to February 2025 combined with laboratory nucleic acid detection and genotyping.We reported 522 varicella cases with male predominance (282 cases, 54.41%) and a majority aged >15 years (358 cases, 68.58%).A bimodal incidence pattern peaked in May and November, while 161 breakthrough infections (30.8%) occurred predominantly among students aged 6-20 years.The multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that, compared to the 0-5 years age group, individuals aged 6-14 years ( OR: 2.729, 95% CI: 1.083-6.88), 15-20 years ( OR: 2.495, 95% CI: 1.158-5.378), and>20 years ( OR: 5.382, 95% CI: 2.478-11.689) exhibited progressively higher odds of oderate-to-severe rash; females demonstrated a lower risk compared to males ( OR: 0.485, 95% CI: 0.286-0.822); regarding vaccination status, recipients of one vaccine dose ( OR: 0.301, 95% CI: 0.161-0.564) and two doses ( OR: 0.203, 95% CI: 0.086-0.48) showed significantly reduced risks relative to unvaccinated individuals. Genotyping of 174 specimens identified 161 VZV-positive samples, with successful ORF22/38/62 sequencing in 142 samples confirming Clade 2 predominance (141 strains, 99.3%) and one Clade 5 strain; local isolates exhibited high vaccine-strain homology (ORF22 nucleotide:99.5%-100%, amino acid:99.3%-100%) with mutation sites partially overlapping other Chinese regions.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and complications of external cephalic version(ECV)for term breech presentation and to explore factors influencing the occurrence of ECV-related complications.Methods:Pregnant women with term breech presentation who underwent ECV(ECV group,n=751)and those who under-went direct cesarean section(CS)without ECV(CS group,n=706)at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medi-cal Center of Guangzhou Medical University,from January 1,2018,to July 31,2024,were enrolled.Differences in maternal clinical characteristics and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups.The ECV group was further divided into a successful ECV subgroup(n=537)and a failed ECV subgroup(n=214)to compare complication rates.Based on the presence or absence of complications,the ECV group was divided into a compli-cation subgroup(n=86)and a no-complication subgroup(n=665).Univariate analysis was performed on the clinical data of these subgroups.Statistically significant factors identified in the univariate analysis were subse-quently included in a multivariate Logistic regression analysis to identify high-risk factors for ECV complications.Results:①Among the 751 women undergoing ECV,the success rate was 71.50％(537/751).The vaginal deliv-ery rate following successful ECV was 57.26％(430/751).The overall complication rate was 11.45％(86/751),with a perinatal mortality rate of 0.13％(1/751).②There were no significant differences with regard to severe neonatal asphyxia and neonatal intensive care admission rate between ECV group and CS group(P＞0.05).③The total complication rate,incidence of cesarean delivery(CS)within 24 h,and incidence of uterine contrac-tions were significantly higher in the failed ECV group compared to the successful ECV group(P＜0.05).Howev-er,there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of severe complications(fetal demise,placental abruption,emergency CS)between the two groups(P＞0.05).④Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses revealed that three factors were associated with a reduced risk of ECV complications(P＜0.05):a high-er amniotic fluid index(AFI),non-engagement of the presenting part,and a palpable fetal head.Conversely,the use of anesthesia and the use of nifedipine as the tocolytic were associated with an increased risk of ECV compli-cations(P＜0.05).Conclusions:ECV does not increase the adverse outcomes of full-term neonates with breech presentation.But failed ECV can increase complications.Higher amniotic fluid index,not engaged of fetal presen-tation,touchable of fetal head and appropriate tocolytic agent application can reduce the complications while anes-thesia during ECV procedure can increase the complications of ECV.

To fully exploit Transformer for accurate registration,self-similarity context is used as a feature extractor to extract the semantic information of the voxel neighborhood context,using symmetric multi-scale discrete optimization with diffusion regularization to find smooth transformations for quickly calculating the point-by-point distance between descriptors.In addition,a spatial-channel Transformer based on window attention network is proposed,which combines channel,spatial attention and self-attention scheme based on(moving)window,and makes full use of the complementary advantages of these 3 attention mechanisms,enabling the network to utilize global statistical information and have strong local fitting ability.The results of comprehensive experiments on 3D brain MRI datasets of LPBA40,IXI and OASIS shows that the proposed method is superior to the commonly used registration methods(SyN,VoxelMorph,CycleMorph,ViT-V-Net and TransMorph)on several evaluation indicators,proving its effectiveness in deformable medical image registration.

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of post-intensive care syndrome(PICS)in critically ill patients a month after their transfer out,and to provide a basis for formulating individualized intervention measures.Methods By the convenience sampling method,550 patients who were transferred out of the ICU of a tertiary A hospital in Guizhou Province for a month from April to November 2024 were selected as the survey subjects.The general information of the patients was collected and sorted out.During their stay in the ICU,the Barthel Index,the Richards Campbell Sleep Scale,and the Perceived Social Support Scale were employed for evaluation.A month after the patients were transferred out of the ICU,the assessment was completed through telephone follow-up using the Chinese version of the Brain Care Monitoring Questionnaire for Healthy Aging.According to the assessment a month after the patients were transferred out,they were divided into a PICS group and a non-PICS group.Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were completed based on the data of the 2 groups.Results A total of 550 questionnaires were distributed,and 442 valid questionnaires were ultimately collected,with a valid questionnaire collection rate of 80.3％.Among them,194 cases(43.9％)were high-risk patients with PICS.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age,pulmonary infection,total hospitalization time＞15 days,and internal environment disorder were the risk factors for PICS in ICU patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The risk of PICS is relatively high in critically ill patients a month after the transfer.Medical staff need to pay attention to patients who are older,have pulmonary infections and internal environment disorders,and formulate personalized intervention measures for different disease types to improve the long-term health prognosis of patients.

Objective:To investigate the latent classes of academic burnout and its relationship with psycho-logical resilience in high school students.Methods:The Academic Burnout Scale for High School Students(ABS-HSS)and the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents(RSCA)were used to investigate the current status of aca-demic burnout and the levels of psychological resilience among 786 high school students,respectively.The latent class analysis(LCA)was conducted to explore the latent classes of academic burnout among high school students,and this study further examined the relationship between academic burnout and psychological resilience by regres-sion mixture modeling(RMM).Results:There were three latent classes,including the low burnout group(69.9％),the low achievement group(9.8％)and the overwhelmed group(20.3％).The regression mixture anal-ysis further indicated that the high school students with lower psychological resilience experienced higher academic burnout(OR=0.22-0.56),and the students with difficulty in emotional control mostly felt overwhelmed in their learning(OR=0.23).Conclusion:These findings suggest that the academic burnout among high school students exhibits distinct categorical characteristics and is closely assoiated with psychological resilience.

Objective:To discuss the risk factors for postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing pancreatic surgery.Methods:The clinical data of 488 patients who underwent pancreatectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from Jan 2016 to Sep 2024 was retrospectively analyzed.Results:One hundred and sixteen patients (23.8%) developed VTE after pancreatic surgery. Logistic analysis showed that advanced age, abdominal surgery history, high preoperative white blood cell count, high platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, open surgery, conversion to open surgery, and long surgery duration were risk factors.Nomogram prediction model based on the above risk factors was constructed and the area under the ROC curve was subsequently measured to be 0.781 (95% CI: 0.731-0.830). Conclusion:The prevention and control of VTE should be strengthened for patients undergoing pancreatic surgery with advanced age, abdominal surgery history, high preoperative white blood cell count, high PLR, distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, open surgery, conversion to open surgery, and long surgery duration.