Objective:This study aims to explore the influence of vowels and sound intensity on formant, so as to provide reference for the selection of sound samples and vocal methods in acoustic detection. Methods:Thirty-eight healthy subjects, 19 male and 19 female, aged 19-24 years old were recruited. The formants of different vowels（/a/, //, /i/ and /u/） and different sound intensities（lowest sound, comfort sound, highest true sound and highest falsetto sound） were analyzed, and pairings were compared between groups with significant differences. Results:①The vowels /a/ and // in the first formant were larger than /i/ and /u/, and /i/ was the largest in the second formant. The minimum value of the first formant is the lowest sound of /i/ and the maximum is the highest sound of /a/. ②In the first formant, the chest sound area increases with the increase of sound intensity, while the second formant enters the highest falsetto and decreases significantly. Conclusion:Different vowels and sound intensity have different distribution of formant, that is, vowel and sound intensity have different degree of influence on formant. According to the extreme value of the first formant, the maximum normal range is determined initially, which is helpful to improve the acoustic detection.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Speech Acoustics ; Voice Quality ; Phonetics ; Voice/physiology* ; Adult

Objective To investigate the differential expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human liver cell line LO2 with stable expression of hepatitis B x (HBx) gene,and to screen out the lncRNAs which play an important role in HBV-related liver cancer.Methods The lncRNA microarray was used to establish the differential expression profiles of lncRNAs,and the methods such as scatter plots and cluster analysis were used to obtain the HBx-related lncRNAs with differential expression.The qRT-PCR was used to verify some lncRNAs with differential expression.The t-test was used to compare the expression of lncRNAs between the two microarray groups,and hierarchical cluster analysis was used for the original data of lncRNAs with differential expression.Results Compared with the control group transfected with blank plasmids (L02/pcDNA3.0),LO2/HBx cells had 323 lncRNAs with ＞ 2-fold upregulation and 421 lncRNAs whose expression was reduced by more than 50％ (P ＜ 0.05).The results of qRT-PCR verified 4 upregulated lncRNAs (TCONS 00006195,ENST00000557524,NR_037597,and ENST00000539975) and 3 downregulated lncRNAs (ENST00000508424,ENST00000447433,and uc001lva.4),which were consistent with the results of microassay.Conclusion HBx-related lncRNAs are successfully screened out,which lays a foundation for further investigation of the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of liver cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the telephone follow-up of surgery patients with lung cancer and to analyze the prognosis factors. METHODS: From October 2011 to January 2012, 1635 post-surgery lung cancer patients from January 2002 to August 2011 were followed up by telephone interview. The data from follow-up and clinical characteristics were collected and analyzed. Among these patients, 116 patients with complete and reliable clinical data were further analyzed to determine the effective factors of lung cancer metastasis and long-term survival. RESULTS: The average response rate in the follow-up was 36.1%, and the response rate was related to the interval time after the operations. The shorter the interval, the higher the response rate. The response rate in female patients was higher than that in male patients (P<0.001).The response rate was higher in patients younger than 40 (56 %) than that in the patients aged between 50-59 and over 60 (39% and 24% respectively, P<0.001). There was no statistical difference between patients from urban and rural areas (P=0.844). In the 116 patients with complete and reliable clinical data, statistical analysis confirmed that the metastasis and high lymph node staging were factors to increase patients' risk of death (with odd ratio 0.212 and 1.818 respectively, P<0.001). The adenocarcinoma grade, high lymph node staging and advanced age were related to the metastasis risk (odds ratio 2.353, 2.181 and 2.908, respectively). CONCLUSION Time, gender and age are the influencing factors in the telephone follow-up. Metastasis, lymph node metastasis, pathologic type and age are related to the lung cancer prognosis in the small-scale sample.
Adenocarcinoma ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Prognosis ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Telephone ; Young Adult