The transcription factor HOXB13 plays crucial roles in cancer development. HOXB13 is abnormally expressed in most cancers, which makes it a valuable therapeutic target for cancer therapy. The level of HOXB13 differs significantly between healthy and cancer tissues, which indicates that the level of HOXB13 is closely related to carcinogenesis. The regulatory network mediated by HOXB13 in cancer proliferation, metastasis, and invasion has been systematically investigated. Moreover, HOXB13 variants play distinct roles in different cancers and populations. By understanding the molecular mechanisms and mutation features of HOXB13, we provide a comprehensive overview of carcinogenesis networks dependent on HOXB13. Finally, we discuss advancements in anticancer therapy targeting HOXB13 and the roles of HOXB13 in drug resistance to molecular-targeted therapies, which serves as a foundation for developing HOXB13-targeted drugs for clinical diagnosis and cancer therapies.
Humans ; Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism* ; Carcinogenesis/genetics* ; Mutation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics*

External apical root resorption is among the most common risks of orthodontic treatment, and it cannot be completely avoided and predicted. Risk factors causing orthodontic root resorption can generally be divided into patient- and treatment-related factors. Root resorption that occurs during orthodontic treatment is usually detected by radiographical examination. Mild or moderate root absorption usually does no obvious harm, but close attention is required. When severe root resorption occurs, it is generally recommended to suspend the treatment for 3 months for the cementum to be restored. To unify the risk factors of orthodontic root resorption and its clinical suggestions, we summarized the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience of more than 20 authoritative experts in orthodontics and related fields in China. After discussion and summarization, this consensus was made to provide reference for orthodontic clinical practice.
Humans ; Tooth Movement Techniques/adverse effects* ; Root Resorption/etiology* ; Consensus ; Dental Cementum ; Risk Factors

Objective:To investigate the molecular mechanism of the disease based on the clinical characterization and genetic mutation analysis in a family with intellectual disability.Methods:The proband with intellectual disability was diagnosed at Luohe Central Hospital in December 2019. Peripheral blood samples were collected from four family members. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was used to screen the pathological mutations. Then the PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to verify the selected mutations and combine the relevant database to analyze variation loci.Results:We infer that the ARX c.1162 A>G was co-segregated with the phenotype of the family based on the results of WES. The results of sanger sequencing and WES are consistent. The mother of the proband is the carrier of the mutation. There is no mutation frequency reported in the healthy population. The mutation of the ARX c.1162A>G is harmful inferred by a variety of bioinformatics software. Combined with the phenotypic analysis of OMIM database, we infer the phenotype caused by the mutation is consistent with the patients in the family.Conclusion:The mutation of the ARX c.1162 A>G may be the cause of the intellectual disability in the family affected. And the variant has not been reported in China.

Objective: To improve the prenatal diagnosis and differential diagnosis ability for anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery branch from the aorta (AOPA) and unilateral absence of pulmonary artery (UAPA) by comparing and analyzing different types of fetal echocardiography features. Methods: Fetal echocardiographic features were analyzed retrospectively in fetus with prenatal diagnosis of UAPA or AOPA between June 2012 and December 2018, and the different types of fetal echocardiography characteristics and main points of identification were summarized. Results: A total of 6 fetuses with AOPA and 6 fetuses with UAPA were diagnosed.Among the 6 fetuses with AOPA, 5 cases were anomalous origin of right pulmonary artery from the aorta (AORPA), including 3 cases with isolated AORPA and 2 cases combined with Berry syndrome, and 1 case was anomalous origin of left pulmonary artery from the aorta (AOLPA) with an absent pulmonary valve. All 6 cases of AOPA had proximal form. Among the 6 fetuses with UAPA, 4 cases were isolated unilateral absence of right pulmonary artery, 1 case was isolated unilateral absence of left pulmonary artery and 1 case was unilateral absence of left pulmonary artery combined with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). The main common characteristic sonographical findings included: there was no confluence at the bifurcation of the main pulmonary artery on multiple views, and the affected pulmonary branch was not attached to the main pulmonary artery. The different characteristic sonographical findings in fetus included: the affected pulmonary artery of AOPA arosed from the right posterior or left posterior portion of the ascending aorta on three vessels and trachea view (3VT) and long axial view of left ventricle, and 3VT and the coronary view of brachiocephalic trunk artery showed that the abnormal origin of pulmonary artery branch of UAPA connected with the root of brachiocephalic trunk artery by the ipsilateral vertical arterial duct (DA), and color Doppler flow imaging showed that the blood flow of the affected pulmonary artery branch was isolated in the pulmonary field. Conclusions AOPA and UAPA have many similarities in the characteristics of fetal echocardiography. 3VT and long axial view of left ventricle are the best views for displaying proximal AOPA, 3VT and the coronary views of the root of brachiocephalic trunk artery are the best views for displaying UAPA.

Objective To improve the prenatal diagnosis and differential diagnosis ability for anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery branch from the aorta ( AOPA ) and unilateral absence of pulmonary artery ( U APA ) by comparing and analyzing different types of fetal echocardiography features . Methods Fetal echocardiographic features were analyzed retrospectively in fetus with prenatal diagnosis of U APA or AO PA between June 2012 and December 2018 ,and the different types of fetal echocardiography characteristics and main points of identification were summarized . Results A total of 6 fetuses with AOPA and 6 fetuses with U APA were diagnosed .Among the 6 fetuses with AOPA ,5 cases were anomalous origin of right pulmonary artery from the aorta ( AORPA ) ,including 3 cases with isolated AORPA and 2 cases combined with Berry syndrome ,and 1 case was anomalous origin of left pulmonary artery from the aorta ( AOLPA ) with an absent pulmonary valve . All 6 cases of AOPA had proximal form . Among the 6 fetuses with U APA ,4 cases were isolated unilateral absence of right pulmonary artery ,1 case was isolated unilateral absence of left pulmonary artery and 1 case was unilateral absence of left pulmonary artery combined with tetralogy of Fallot ( T OF) . T he main common characteristic sonographical findings included :there was no confluence at the bifurcation of the main pulmonary artery on multiple view s ,and the affected pulmonary branch was not attached to the main pulmonary artery . T he different characteristic sonographical findings in fetus included :the affected pulmonary artery of AO PA arosed from the right posterior or left posterior portion of the ascending aorta on three vessels and trachea view ( 3V T ) and long axial view of left ventricle , and 3V T and the coronary view of brachiocephalic trunk artery showed that the abnormal origin of pulmonary artery branch of U APA connected with the root of brachiocephalic trunk artery by the ipsilateral vertical arterial duct ( DA ) ,and color Doppler flow imaging showed that the blood flow of the affected pulmonary artery branch was isolated in the pulmonary field . Conclusions AOPA and UAPA have many similarities in the characteristics of fetal echocardiography . 3V T and long axial view of left ventricle are the best view s for displaying proximal AOPA ,3VT and the coronary view s of the root of brachiocephalic trunk artery are the best view s for displaying UAPA .

Objective To study the efficacy and psychological intervention of budesonide combined with terbutaline inhalation in the treatment of children with asthma. Methods 100 children with asthma in our hospital from March 2015 to October 2016 were selected as the subjects. They were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the experimental group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group received routine treatment of bronchial asthma, and the experimental group received budesonide combined terbutaline aerosol inhalation treatment, and psychological intervention, pay attention to the patient's psychological state. The clinical efficacy, relative clinical symptoms, improvement time and length of hospital stay were compared between the 2 groups. Results The effective rate of the treatment group was 94%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (72%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The improvement time of dyspnea, wheezing and cough in control group was significantly higher than that in experimental group, while the control group was significantly longer than the experimental group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with conventional treatment,budesonide combined with terbutaline aerosol inhalation and psychological intervention in the treatment of children with asthma has better clinical efficacy and shorter clinical symptoms. It has the significance of further popularization and application.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic performance of enhancement value and morphological features by using mul-tiphasic MDCT on differentiating untypical T4a from T3 gastric cancer.Methods Fifty-one histopathologically proven T3 and T4a gastric cancer patients with smooth serosa were collected retrospectively.Three radiologists read all images regarding morphological features,while the CT value and enhancement value of regions of interest (ROIs)located in the outer of lesion were calculated.Cut-off analysis was performed to determine optimal threshold levels of enhancement value to discriminate T4a and T3 gastric cancer.Di-agnostic performance of enhancement value and combination of enhancement value and morphologic assessment were compared with morphologic assessment by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve analysis.Results The sensitivity and specificity of morphological features was 66.67% and 33.33% respectively;the area under the ROC of enhancement value (between venous phase and plain scan)for differentiating T4a from T3 gastric cancer was 0.82,with a cut-off at 43.6 HU,sensitivity of 74.07% and specificity of 70.83%.Combined conventional standard and enhancement value,sensitivity of 100.00% and specificity 26.31%. Conclusion For differentiation of T4a and T3 gastric cancer by means of MDCT,enhancement value is found to be superior to con-ventional standard.

Objective To evaluate the differences of α-fetoprotein (AFP), ffeeβ-human chorionic gnnadotropin (HCG) indexes in 3 foreign median databases for antepartum risk screening, and establish the median databases of normal pregnant women in Wenzhou for antepartum screening of AFP, free-β-HCG indexes through the suitable median computational models. Methods The levels of AFP and free β-HCG of 20054 normal pregnant women in Wenzhou were detected by time-resolved fluorometry. The data in this paper were compared with the data of 2T-risk ( 2T), Lifecycle-2. 2 (LC2.2 ) and Lifecycle -3.0 (LC3.0) by double-factor ANOVA. The differences between the data in the paper and the data from Shenyang and Ningbo were analyzed. The median database of Wenzhou pregnant women was established by the suitable regression model, with the stability of nonlinear regression models of the 3 software assessed by model correcting fitting, distribution mean of model fitting logarithmic and standard deviation. Results The levels of AFP and freeβ- hCG reported here were 10% and 16% higher than the data of 2T-risk, 15% and 20% higher than that of LC 2. 2, 6% and 17% higher than that of LC 3.0 respectively. The differences were statistically significant. ( FAFP = 161. 757 ,P < 0. 01 ; Ffree-β-HCG = 58. 261, P < 0.01 ). The levels of AFP and free β- hCG in Wenzhou were 2% higher and 3% lower than that of Shenyang, 1% and 2% higher than that of Ningbo. There was no statistical difference of AFP levels among Wenzhou , Shenyang and Ningbo( FAFP = 0. 174 ,P =0. 840) while the differences of free-β-hCG were statistically significant( F<,free-β-HCG> = 13.303 ,P < 0. 01 ). The differences of quadratic equation regression model, exponent quadratic function regression model and exponent quadru-function regression model of 2T, LC-2. 2 and LC-3.0 were not remarkable. The exponent quadru-function regression model was the best. Conclusions There are significant differences between the data from Wenzhou, Shenyang and Ningbo and the data of T-2 risk, LC-2. 2, LC -3.0. The discrepancy is due to the ethnic and different parameters of regression models. So the model parameters and the median databases are urgently required in China. The differences of large sample size of AFP from Wenzhow, Shengyang and Ningbo are not significant, while the differences of free-β- hCG from Wenzhow, Shengyang and Ningbo is remained because of its instability. The levels from Wenzhow and Ningbo are near. It is suggested that the laboratories with small sample size can establish their own laboratory parameters using the reference obtained from large sample size under the same experimental conditions. There are no significant differences of stability among regression computational models in the 3 software. The exponent quadru-function regression model can be used to establish the median databases for the screening with the similar data distribution in the paper.

Objective：To explore the characteristics of behavioral problems and self-concept level in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)accompanying anxiety disorder.Methods：With stratified random sampling method,a sampling survey was made in 9495 children(aged 5～17 years)from 6 regions of Hunan province together.Using the two stage epidemiologic research method,three groups,including control group(214 cases),pure ADHD(219 cases)and ADHD accompanying anxiety disorder(111 cases)were determined as the subjects.All the subjects completed the Children's Self-Concept Scale(CSCS),and the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL)was completed by their parents.Results：(1)Compared to the control group,the pure ADHD group scored higher in CBCL [e.g.,the total score:(30.35±24.32)vs.(16.97±14.86)],and scored lower in CSCS [e.g.,total score:(50.85±9.98)vs.(57.46±10.80),P<0.05].(2)Compared to the control group,children with ADHD accompanying anxiety disorder scored higher in CBCL [e.g.,total score:(41.66±28.07),P<0.01],and in CSCS except physical activities(Ps<0.05).(3)Compared to the pure ADHD group,ADHD accompanying anxiety disorder group scored higher in CBCL and lower in CSCS[behavior:(10.44±3.17)vs.(11.55±2.80);anxiety:(8.06±2.61)vs.(9.21±2.61),gregariousness:(7.42±2.22)vs.(8.16±1.89);total score:(47.25±9.93)vs.(50.85±9.98);Ps<0.05].Conclusion：ADHD children have more behavioral problems and lower level of self-concept than normal children,and children with ADHD accompanying anxiety disorder have more prominent presence of behavioral problems and lower self-concept rating than children with pure ADHD.