Objective : To observe the brain tissue injury during hypoxia-ischemia, as well as the pathological changes and the expression of ferroptosis-related factors after the use of Shenfu injection(SFI), and to explore the protective effect of SFI on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury(HIBD) by inhibiting ferroptosis. Methods : An animal model of HIBD in SD rats was constructed and intervened with SFI. Pathologic changes in brain tissue were observed by HE staining methods. Nissen staining was used to observe neuron survival. Glutathione Peroxidase 4(GPX4) and Divalent Metal Transporter 1(DMT1) expression were detected in brain tissue by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Reduced Glutathione(GSH), Lactate Dehydrogenase(LDH), Malondialdehyde(MDA), Superoxide Dismutase(SOD) and tissue iron content were determined with the kits. BV-2 microglial cell line(BV2) cells were culturedin vitroand divided into control group(Ctrl group), oxygen-glucose deprivation group(OGD group), iron ferroptosis-inducing group(Erastin group), iron ferroptosis-inhibiting group(Fer-1 group), Shenfu injection group(SFI group), and Erastin+Shenfu injection group(Erastin+SFI group). 2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA) reactive oxygen species(ROS) fluorescent probe was used to detect the ROS release level; Immunofluorescence was used to observe intracellular GPX4, DMT1 expression. Results : Compared with the Sham group, rats in the HIBD group showed significant neuronal cell damage in brain tissue, decreased GPX4 expression(P<0.01), increased DMT1 expression(P<0.01), decreased GSH and SOD levels(P<0.01), and increased LDH, MDA and tissue iron levels(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01). In contrast, after the intervention of SFI, GPX4 expression was elevated(P<0.01), DMT1 expression decreased(P<0.01), GSH and SOD levels were elevated(P<0.01), and LDH, MDA, and tissue iron levels decreased(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01). The cells experiments showed that compared with the Ctrl group, the OGD group had a significantly higher ROS content and a decrease in the expression of GPX4 fluorescence intensity, and an increase in the fluorescence intensity of DMT1(P<0.01), compared with the OGD group, the ROS content was reduced in the SFI group, while the expression of GPX4 was elevated and the expression of DMT1 was reduced(P<0.01). Conclusion Hippocampal and cortical regions are severely damaged after HIBD in neonatal rats, and their brain tissues show decreased expression of GPX4 and increased expression of DMT1. The above suggests that ferroptosis is involved in HIBD brain injury in neonatal rats. In contrast, Shenfu injection has a protective effect on HIBD experimental animal model and BV2 cell injury model by reducing iron aggregation and ROS production.

To analyze the disease burden of hypertension in the elderly population from 1990 to 2021 and to predict future trends in China and globally, thereby providing insights for public health decision-making regarding older adults with hypertension in China.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of arthrocentesis combined with liquid phase con-centrated growth factor(CGF)injection in the treatment of unilateral temporomandibular joint osteoarthri-tis(TMJOA),in order to provide a new treatment option for TMJOA patients.Methods:In this non-randomized controlled study,patients diagnosed with unilateral TMJOA who visited the center for tem-poromandibular joint disorder and orofacial pain of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from June 2021 to January 2023 were selected as research objects.The patients were divided into experi-mental group and control group,which were selected by patients themselves.The experimental group re-ceived arthrocentesis combined with liquid phase CGF injection and the control group received arthrocen-tesis combined with HA injection.Both groups were treated 3 times,once every two weeks.The clinical effect was evaluated by the maximum mouth opening,pain value and the degree of mandibular function limitation 6 months after treatment.The change of condylar bone was evaluated by cone beam CT(CBCT)image fusion technology before and after treatment.Results:A total of 20 patients were included in the experimental group,including 3 males and 17 females,with an average age of(34.40± 8.41)years.A total of 15 patients were included in the control group,including 1 male and 14 females,with an average age of(32.20±12.00)years.There was no statistical difference in general information between the two groups(P＞0.05).There were no statistical differences in the mouth opening,pain value and the degree of jaw function limitation between the two groups before treatment(P＞0.05),and all of them improved 6 months after treatment compared with before treatment(P＜0.05).However,the mouth opening of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group 6 months after treatment(P＜0.05),and the degree of jaw function limitation was significantly lower than that of con-trol group(P＜0.05).CBCT 2D images showed that the condylar bone of both groups was smoother after treatment than before treatment,and image fusion results showed that 10 patients(50.0％)in the experimental group and 5 patients(33.3％)in the control group had reparative remodeling area of con-dylar bone,and there was no statistical difference between them(P＞0.05).Except for one CGF pa-tient,the other patients in both groups had some absorption areas of condylar bone.Conclusion:The ar-throcentesis combined with liquid phase CGF injection can improve the clinical symptoms and signs of unilateral TMJOA patients in short term,and is better than HA in increasing mouth opening and impro-ving jaw function.CBCT fusion images of both patient groups show some cases of condylar bone repara-tive remodeling and its relevance to treatment plans still requires further study.

Objective To investigate the infection status and changing trend of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection in hospitalized patients in medical institutions,and provide reference for formulating HCV infection prevention and control strategies.Methods HCV infection surveillance results from cross-sectional survey data reported to China Healthcare-associated Infection(HAI)Surveillance System in 2020 were summarized and analyzed,HCV positive was serum anti-HCV positive or HCV RNA positive,survey result was compared with the survey results from 2003.Results In 2020,1 071 368 inpatients in 1 573 hospitals were surveyed,738 535 of whom underwent HCV test,4 014 patients were infected with HCV,with a detection rate of 68.93％and a HCV positive rate of 0.54％.The positive rate of HCV in male and female patients were 0.60％and 0.48％,respectively,with a statistically sig-nificant difference(x2=47.18,P＜0.001).The HCV positive rate in the 50-＜60 age group was the highest(0.76％),followed by the 40-＜50 age group(0.71％).Difference among all age groups was statistically signifi-cant(x2=696.74,P＜0.001).In 2003,91 113 inpatients were surveyed.35 145 of whom underwent HCV test,resulting in a detection rate of 38.57％;775 patients were infected with HCV,with a positive rate of 2.21％.In 2020,HCV positive rates in hospitals of different scales were 0.46％-0.63％,with the highest in hospital with bed numbers ranging 600-899.Patients'HCV positive rates in hospitals of different scales was statistically signifi-cant(X2=35.34,P＜0.001).In 2020,12 provinces/municipalities had over 10 000 patients underwent HCV-rela-ted test,and HCV positive rates ranged 0.19％-0.81％,with the highest rate from Hainan Province.HCV posi-tive rates in different departments were 0.06％-0.82％,with the lowest positive rate in the department of pedia-trics and the highest in the department of internal medicine.In 2003 and 2020,HCV positive rates in the depart-ment of infectious diseases were the highest,being 7.95％and 3.48％,respectively.Followed by departments of orthopedics(7.72％),gastroenterology(3.77％),nephrology(3.57％)and general intensive care unit(ICU,3.10％)in 2003,as well as departments of gastroenterology(1.35％),nephrology(1.18％),endocrinology(0.91％),and general intensive care unit(ICU,0.79％)in 2020.Conclusion Compared with 2003,HCV positive rate decreased significantly in 2020.HCV infected patients were mainly from the department of infectious diseases,followed by departments of gastroenterology,nephrology and general ICU.HCV infection positive rate varies with gender,age,and region.

Objective To investigate the implementation of surveillance,prevention and control measures for healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in maternal and child healthcare(MCH)institutions,and provide policy evi-dence for optimizing HAI prevention and control in MCH institutions.Methods Stratified sampling was conducted among the MCH institutions at provincial,municipal and county levels in 8 provinces/autonomous regions.A uni-fied questionnaire was designed and the online survey was conducted through"Questionnaire Star".Results The data from 123 MCH institutions were included in the analysis.90.24％of the MCH institutions carried out compre-hensive surveillance on HAI.The ratios of MCH institutions which implemented targeted surveillance on HAI in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU),surgical site infection,multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs)and HAI in intensive care units(non-NICU excluded)were 89.66％,85.96％,80.77％,and 74.19％,respectively.51.22％MCH institutions adopted information surveillance system on HAI cases.94.31％MCH institutions carried out surveillance on hand hygiene compliance.Over 90％MCH institutions carried out surveillance on environment hy-giene in high-risk departments.71.54％MCH institutions conducted centralized cleaning,disinfection,sterilization and supply for reusable medical instruments in the central sterile supply department(CSSD).Over 90％MCH insti-tutions established three-level pre-examination triage systems.86.18％set up transitional wards.MCH institutions generally adopted a management model with established effective communication,full appointment visits,and sepa-rate visits for special medical groups,such as registered pregnant women,high-risk newborns,healthcare groups,and long-term rehabilitation patients.However,the ratio of institutions conducting on-line follow-up visits was less than 50％.Conclusion MCH institutions have generally carried out comprehensive and targeted surveillance on HAI.Information surveillance need to be facilitated.Hand hygiene and environmental hygiene surveillance has been popularized to a certain extent at all levels of MCH institutions.The cleaning,disinfection,sterilization,and supply processes of reusable medical devices in a few MCH institutions are not standardized.Special medical populations get effective management.On-line healthcare is to be further promoted.

Background::Although overnight fasting is recommended prior to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), the benefits and safety of high-carbohydrate fluid diet (CFD) intake 2 h before ERCP remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze whether high-CFD intake 2 h before ERCP can be safe and accelerate patients’ recovery.Methods::This prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial involved 15 tertiary ERCP centers. A total of 1330 patients were randomized into CFD group ( n = 665) and fasting group ( n = 665). The CFD group received 400 mL of maltodextrin orally 2 h before ERCP, while the control group abstained from food/water overnight (>6 h) before ERCP. All ERCP procedures were performed using deep sedation with intravenous propofol. The investigators were blinded but not the patients. The primary outcomes included postoperative fatigue and abdominal pain score, and the secondary outcomes included complications and changes in metabolic indicators. The outcomes were analyzed according to a modified intention-to-treat principle. Results::The post-ERCP fatigue scores were significantly lower at 4 h (4.1 ± 2.6 vs. 4.8 ± 2.8, t = 4.23, P <0.001) and 20 h (2.4 ± 2.1 vs. 3.4 ± 2.4, t= 7.94, P <0.001) in the CFD group, with least-squares mean differences of 0.48 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–0.71, P <0.001) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.57–0.95, P <0.001), respectively. The 4-h pain scores (2.1 ± 1.7 vs. 2.2 ± 1.7, t = 2.60, P = 0.009, with a least-squares mean difference of 0.21 [95% CI: 0.05–0.37]) and positive urine ketone levels (7.7% [39/509] vs. 15.4% [82/533], χ2 = 15.13, P <0.001) were lower in the CFD group. The CFD group had significantly less cholangitis (2.1% [13/634] vs. 4.0% [26/658], χ2 = 3.99, P = 0.046) but not pancreatitis (5.5% [35/634] vs. 6.5% [43/658], χ2 = 0.59, P = 0.444). Subgroup analysis revealed that CFD reduced the incidence of complications in patients with native papilla (odds ratio [OR]: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39–0.95, P = 0.028) in the multivariable models. Conclusion::Ingesting 400 mL of CFD 2 h before ERCP is safe, with a reduction in post-ERCP fatigue, abdominal pain, and cholangitis during recovery.Trail Registration::ClinicalTrials.gov, No. NCT03075280.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of LINC00467 on proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells and the involvement of autophagy in its regulatory mechanism.Methods LINC00467 expression levels in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and their correlation with the patients'survival outcomes were analyzed using data from TCGA database.LINC00467 expression was also examined using qRT-PCR in human bronchial epithelial cells 16HBE and lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549 and H1299.In A549 and H1299 cells transfected with a short hairpin RNA targeting LINC00467(shLINC00467),the effects of 3-methyladenine(3-MA,an autophagy inhibitor)and BML-275(an AMPK inhibitor)treatment on cell proliferation,migration,and expressions of LC3 and the AMPK/mTOR pathway proteins were tested using colony formation assay,wound-healing and Transwell assays,immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting.GSEA enrichment analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation between LINC00467 and the autophagy pathway.Results The expression level of LINC00467 was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than in the adjacent tissues(P<0.001)and increased progressively with the clinical stage(P<0.05),and its high expression was associated with a poor overall survival(P=0.049)and a high first progression rate(P=0.026)of the patients.LINC00467 expression was also significantly higher in A549 and H1299 cells than in 16HBE cells.In A549 and H1299 cells,LINC00467 knockdown significantly decreased colony-forming,migration and invasion abilities of the cells,lowered p-mTOR/mTOR and p62 expressions,and increased p-AMPK/AMPK expressions and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio,and these effects were strongly attenuated by application of either 3-MA or BML-275.GSEA analysis suggested an inhibitory effect on LINC00467 on the autophagy pathway(|NES|>1,P<0.05,FDR<0.25).Conclusion High expressions of LINC00467 promote proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells possibly by inhibiting cell autophagy mediated by the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of LINC00467 on proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells and the involvement of autophagy in its regulatory mechanism.Methods LINC00467 expression levels in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and their correlation with the patients'survival outcomes were analyzed using data from TCGA database.LINC00467 expression was also examined using qRT-PCR in human bronchial epithelial cells 16HBE and lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549 and H1299.In A549 and H1299 cells transfected with a short hairpin RNA targeting LINC00467(shLINC00467),the effects of 3-methyladenine(3-MA,an autophagy inhibitor)and BML-275(an AMPK inhibitor)treatment on cell proliferation,migration,and expressions of LC3 and the AMPK/mTOR pathway proteins were tested using colony formation assay,wound-healing and Transwell assays,immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting.GSEA enrichment analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation between LINC00467 and the autophagy pathway.Results The expression level of LINC00467 was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than in the adjacent tissues(P<0.001)and increased progressively with the clinical stage(P<0.05),and its high expression was associated with a poor overall survival(P=0.049)and a high first progression rate(P=0.026)of the patients.LINC00467 expression was also significantly higher in A549 and H1299 cells than in 16HBE cells.In A549 and H1299 cells,LINC00467 knockdown significantly decreased colony-forming,migration and invasion abilities of the cells,lowered p-mTOR/mTOR and p62 expressions,and increased p-AMPK/AMPK expressions and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio,and these effects were strongly attenuated by application of either 3-MA or BML-275.GSEA analysis suggested an inhibitory effect on LINC00467 on the autophagy pathway(|NES|>1,P<0.05,FDR<0.25).Conclusion High expressions of LINC00467 promote proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells possibly by inhibiting cell autophagy mediated by the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficiency of robotic visualization system(RVS)-assisted microsurgical re-construction of the reproductive tract in male rats and the satisfaction of the surgeons.Methods:We randomly divided 8 adult male SD rats into an experimental and a control group,the former treated by RVS-assisted microsurgical vasoepididymostomy(VE)or vaso-vasostomy(VV),and the latter by VE or VV under the standard operating microscope(SOM).We compared the operation time,me-chanical patency and anastomosis leakage immediately after surgery,and the surgeons'satisfaction between the two groups.Results:No statistically significant difference was observed the operation time between the experimental and the control groups,and no anasto-mosis leakage occurred after VV in either group.The rate of mechanical patency immediately after surgery was 100％in both groups,and that of anastomosis leakage after VE was 16.7％in the experimental group and 14.3％in the control.Compared with the control group,the experimental group achieved dramatically higher scores on visual comfort(3.00±0.76 vs 4.00±0.53,P＜0.05),neck/back comfort(2.75±1.16 vs 4.38±1.06,P＜0.01)and man-machine interaction(3.88±1.55 va 4.88±0.35,P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the scores on image definition and operating room suitability between the two groups.Conclusion:RVS can be used in microsurgical reconstruction of the reproductive tract in male rats and,with its advantages over SOM in ergonomic design and image definition,has a potential application value in male reproductive system micosurgery.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Erxian Decoction(EXD)-containing serum on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells under oxidative stress through BK channels. The oxidative stress model was induced in MC3T3-E1 cells by H_2O_2, and 3 mmol·L~(-1) tetraethylammonium(TEA) chloride was used to block the BK channels in MC3T3-E1 cells. MC3T3-E1 cells were divided into a control group, a model group, an EXD group, a TEA group, and a TEA+EXD group. After MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with corresponding drugs for 2 days, 700 μmol·L~(-1) H_2O_2 was added for treatment for another 2 hours. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation activity. The alkaline phosphatase(ALP) assay kit was used to detect the ALP activity of cells. Western blot and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) were used to detect protein and mRNA expression, respectively. Alizarin red staining was used to detect the mineralization area of osteoblasts. The results showed that compared with the control group, the model group showed significantly blunted cell proliferation activity and ALP activity, reduced expression of BK channel α subunit(BKα), collagen Ⅰ(COL1), bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2), osteoprotegerin(OPG), and phosphorylated Akt, decreased mRNA expression levels of Runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2), BMP2, and OPG, and declining area of calcium nodules. EXD-containing serum could significantly potentiate the cell proliferation activity and ALP activity, up-regulate the protein expression of BKα, COL1, BMP2, OPG, and phosphorylated Akt, and forkhead box protein O1(FoxO1), promote the mRNA expression of RUNX2, BMP2, and OPG, and enlarge the area of calcium nodules. However, BK channel blockage by TEA reversed the effects of EXD-containing serum in promoting the protein expression of BKα, COL1, BMP2, OPG, and phosphorylated Akt and FoxO1, increasing the mRNA expression of RUNX2, BMP2, and OPG, and enlarging the area of calcium nodules. EXD-containing serum could improve the proliferation activity, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization ability of MC3T3-E1 cells under oxidative stress, which might be related to the regulation of BK channels and downstream Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway.
Osteogenesis ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/pharmacology* ; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels/pharmacology* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Calcium/metabolism* ; Cell Differentiation ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism* ; Cell Proliferation ; Osteoblasts