Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Compound Fipronil Spot-on Solution in repelling canine ticks.Methods A total of 140 dogs infested with ticks were randomly selected from regions in southern and northern China and assigned to four groups:southern test drug group,southern control drug group,northern test drug group,and northern control drug group.Each group comprised 35 dogs.Each dog was administered the prescribed dose.The number of ticks was counted on days 1,7,14,21,and 28 following the administration.The negative conversion and average reduction rates of the tick population were then subjected to statistical analyse.Results The mean efficacy of the test drug was 100%in both the southern and northern cohorts,28 days post-treatment.The control drug showed comparable efficacy,reaching a mean reduction of 100%in both regions by the same time point.No additional clinical manifestations or adverse events were observed across all treated dogs.Conclusions Compound Fipronil Spot-on Solutions effectively treats and prevents ticks in dogs in different regions of China.A single dose remains effective for up to 28 days,thus providing a convenient,effective solution.

Humans ; COVID-19 ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Anxiety ; Brain ; Depression

The prevention and control of coccidiosis has always been a priority for the breeding industry. Long-term drug pressure, rapid change of feeding pattern and urgent need of healthy breeding alter the damage pattern of coccidiosis. Thus, the prevention and control of coccidiosis faces new challenges. Here we briefly summarized the history and current situation of chicken coccidiosis research by Chinese scholars and the experience of coccidiosis prevention and control. This review will be of great applications on the prevention and control of chicken coccidiosis in the future.

Objective To study the anti-fatigue and hypoxia tolerance function of Coix lacryma-jobi leaf's water extract in mice.Methods Normal male mice were averagely selected and divided into four groups by weight:control group,low dose,medium dose and high dose experimental groups.Coix lacryma-jobi leaf's water extract of different dose (1.5,4.5,7.5 g · kg-1) was given into the mice's stomach respectively in three experimental groups and distilled water was given in control group,every day for a continuous 14 days.Burdened swimming test and hypoxia tolerance test were conducted in mice to determine their swimming time and death time.Dissociating the mouse's liver,weighing the mouse's liver and calculating the liver weight coefficient.Results The burdened swimming time of the high dose group,medium dose group and low dose group were respectively 6.74,10.47,5.51 min.The hypoxia tolerance time of the high dose group,medium dose group and low dose group were respectively 46.48,54.96,54.90 min.The liver weight coefficient of the high dose group,medium dose group and low dose group were respectively 0.054,0.050,0.051.Compared with the control group,the burdened swimming time of the medium dose group was longer than that of the control group with significantly (P ＜ 0.05).The death time of the low dose group and the medium dose group were prolonged than that of the control group with significantly(all P ＜0.01).Weighing the mouse's liver and the liver weight coefficient in three experimental groups were all higher than the control group with significantly (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Coix lacryma-jobi leaf's water extract had anti-fatigue and hypoxia tolerance function in mice.

Objective To study on the anti-fatigue and hypoxia tolerance function of Jasmine leaves' water extract in mice.Methods Forty-eight normal male mice were averagely selected and divided into four groups by weight:blank control group,low concentration experimental group,medium concentration experimental group and high concentration experimental group.Jasmine leaves' water extract of different concentrations (0,200,400,600 mg· mL-1 respectively for the four groups) was given into the mice's stomach for a continuous 16 days,each mice was given 10 mL · kg-1 a day.Burdened swimming test and hypoxia tolerance test were conducted in the mice to determine their swimming time and death time.The liver weight coefficient was calculated.Results The burdened swimming time:Compared with blank control group 9.27 min,that were 9.41,15.42,10.63 min in low,medium,high concentrations experimental groups respectively while medium experimental group had significantly (P ＜ 0.05).The hypoxia tolerance time:Compared with blank control group (47.56 ± 5.61)min,that were (56.24 ± 10.99),(47.20 ± 4.51),(53.44 ± 7.56) min in low,medium,high concentrations experimental groups respectively while low experimental group had significantly (P ＜ 0.01).The liver weight coefficient:Compared with blank control group (4.84 ± 0.29) × 10-2,that were (5.20 ± 0.72) × 10-2,(5.43 ±0.39) × 10-2,(5.42 ± 0.57) × 10-2 in low,medium,high concentrations experimental groups respectively while medium,high experimental groups had significantly(all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Jasmine leaves' water extract is proved to have anti-fatigue and hypoxia tolerance function in mice.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of quantitatively evaluating angiogenesis in liver tumors by using flat detector computed tomography (FDCT) in the angiography suite.Methods The VX2 liver tumor model was established in 25 rabbits,and then FDCT examination was performed for each animal.After reconstructing the blood volume (BV) perfusion map,BV values of the hepatic tumor and parenchyma were measured respectively.All experimental rabbits were sacrificed after FDCT,and the corresponding tumor specimens were collected for measuring microvessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression level.The relationships of BV values with MVD and VEGF expression in liver tumors were analyzed.Results Of the 25 experimental rabbits,FDCT examination was successfully accomplished in 22(88.0％).Both the hepatic parenchyma and tumor lesions could be clearly visualized on BV perfusion map.The hepatic tumor was characterized by a hyperperfusion rim with a hypoperfusion center,known as rim-like enhancement pattern,on BV perfusion map.BV values bore a close relationship to both MVD grade and VEGF grade (P＜0.05 in both),while MVD grade had a parallel relationship with VEGF grade (r=0.504,P＜ 0.001).Conclusion It is feasible to use FDCT in the angiography suite to quantitatively assess the angiogenesis of liver tumors.It may be helpful for interventional treatment of liver tumors.

Objective To study the spectrum of upper gastrointestinal diseases and infection rate of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) in our hospital during the past 35 years.Methods Patients who were 16 or older with duodenal ulcer,gastric ulcer,reflux esophagitis,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer diagnosed by gastroscopy and pathology were retrospectively enrolled in our study from January 1980 to December 2014.Patients with chronic superficial gastritis,chronic atrophic gastritis or Hp infection from January 1989to December 2014 were also included in our study according to the same diagnostic criteria.The incidences of diseases and the infection rates of Hp were studied.Results A total of 213 495 patients underwent gastroscopy in our department during the past 35 years.The overall diagnostic rates of duodenal ulcer,gastric ulcer,reflux esophagitis,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer were 9.87％,3.79％,6.66％,1.59％ and 0.66％ respectively.There were 183 426 patients receiving gastroscopy in our department from January 1989to December 2014.The overall endoscopic diagnosis rates of chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis were 49.83％ and 22.43％ respectively.The overall infection rate of Hp was 36.18％,which had a declining trend consistent with peptic ulcer (all P =0.000).Yet,the prevalence of reflux esophagitis,chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis were increasing (all P =0.000).The diagnostic rates of gastric cancer and esophageal cancer were persistent (P =0.266,P =0.156).Conclusions The Hp infection during years has been decreasing,consistent with the declining tendency of peptic ulcer.On the other hand,reflux esophagitis,chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis show an ascendant trend.The proportion of patients with gastric cancer and esophageal cancer is relatively stable.

Objective To understand the current situation and existing problems in the training of healthcare-asso-ciated infection(HAI)management,and provide scientific basis for strengthening the management of HAI preven-tion and control system.Methods A questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate situation of training on HAI in 15 provincial-level HAI training agencies in China during the past 30 years,and basic condition of training on HAI management in recent 5 years.Results Among 15 provincial-level training agencies,66.67%(n=10)were respon-sible by HAI management quality control centers,80.00% have already conducted training in each city,53.33%carried out training for 10 to 20 times,33.34% performed training for ≤2 times per year.Of 33 728 trainees in 2011-2015,41.30% were 41-50 years old,61.82% were nursing staff,50.56% had bachelor degree,43.96%were with the intermediate professional title.Most trainers were HAI prevention and control experts in their respec-tive province,accounting for 68.07%,the curriculums were mainly designed on professional course,and only 26.78% were involved in management.Conclusion Professional structure of HAI management personnel is not reasonable,faculty is imbalance,knowledge update is lacking,and HAI training and education system need to be improved further.

Toxoplasma gondii infection elicits a Th1-biased inflammatory response.As the protection induced by T.gondii vaccine is highly correlated with the systemic T-cell immune response, here we detected the cellular immune responses in chronically infected BALB/c mice.Splenocytes collected from chronically infected mice exhibited stronger lymphocyte proliferation after the stimulation of cells with soluble tachyzoite antigens.What is more, IFN-γsecretion was detected in CD3 +T, CD4 +T and CD8 +T cells after the stimulation of splenocytes with antigens.In summary, T.gondii chronic infected mice showed stronger systemic T-cell immune response, which would provide valuable data for the evaluation of the efficiency of T.gondii vaccine.

The H9N2 avian influenza virus ( AIV) has become increasingly concerning due to its role in severe economic losses in the poultry industry.Transmission of AIV to mammals, including pigs and humans, has accelerated to devise preventive strategies.To investigate the potential to be used as a vaccine vector for Eimeria mitis expressing antigens from H9N2 AIV, we here successfully developed stable transgenic E.mitis expressing HA1 protein from H9N2 AIV.Using the double-cassette expressing vector strategy with one cassette expressing yellow fluorescent protein ( YFP ) fused to muted dihydrofolate reductasethymidylate synthase derived from Toxoplasma gondii (TgDHFR—TSm2m3), the other expressing HA1 of the H9N2 virus, one transgenic E.mitis population ( Emi. HA1 ) was constructed.Sporozoites of E.mitis transfected with yellow fluorescent protein ( YFP) expression plasmid were inoculated into chickens via the cloacal route. The recovered fluorescent oocysts were sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting ( FACS) and then successively passaged in chickens.The resulting population was analyzed by genome walking, western blot and indirect fluorescent assay ( IFA) . Genome walking confirmed the random integration of plasmid DNA into the genome; while western blot analysis demonstrated the expression of foreign protein-HA1.IFA result indicated the expressed by E.mitis mainly distributed the surface of cell membrane and the head of the sporozoites.We found that the reproduction of Emi.HA1 was similar with that of the parental strain.The expression of foreign antigens in the transgenic parasites will facilitate the development of transgenic E.mitis as a vaccine vector.