Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Compound Fipronil Spot-on Solution in repelling canine ticks.Methods A total of 140 dogs infested with ticks were randomly selected from regions in southern and northern China and assigned to four groups:southern test drug group,southern control drug group,northern test drug group,and northern control drug group.Each group comprised 35 dogs.Each dog was administered the prescribed dose.The number of ticks was counted on days 1,7,14,21,and 28 following the administration.The negative conversion and average reduction rates of the tick population were then subjected to statistical analyse.Results The mean efficacy of the test drug was 100%in both the southern and northern cohorts,28 days post-treatment.The control drug showed comparable efficacy,reaching a mean reduction of 100%in both regions by the same time point.No additional clinical manifestations or adverse events were observed across all treated dogs.Conclusions Compound Fipronil Spot-on Solutions effectively treats and prevents ticks in dogs in different regions of China.A single dose remains effective for up to 28 days,thus providing a convenient,effective solution.

Objective To explore the potential mechanism underlying the treatment of pediatric asthma using Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules through network pharmacology analysis and animal experimental validation.Methods Active components and their associated targets in Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules were identified through screening and retrieval of TCMSP,BATMAN-TCM,and UniProt databases.Disease-related targets for pediatric asthma were selected from GeneCards,DisGeNET,and OMIM databases.The target protein-protein interaction(PPI)relationship between the intersecting targets of the two was obtained through the STRING database,and import it into Cytoscape 3.8.0 software to construct a PPI network.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were conducted using the Metascape platform to identify potential pathways.An asthmatic mouse model was induced by ovalbumin,and different concentrations of Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules were administered as interventions.Histopathological changes were evaluated using HE staining and PAS staining,and the network pharmacology findings were validated through Western blot analysis.Results A total of 154 active ingredients targeting 283 pediatric asthma-related genes were identified in Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules.KEGG enrichment analyses revealed significant enrichment of signaling pathways such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,and MAPK signaling pathway among intersection targets.Thirteen key targets were identified through topological analysis of ingredients-targets-pathways network.Animal experiments demonstrated that Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules significantly alleviated ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia,while downregulating the expression of key proteins in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway(P<0.05).Conclusion The therapeutic efficacy of Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules in pediatric asthma involves a multi-pathway and multi-target mechanism,with the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway emerging as a potential key molecular target.

This article introduces the clinical experience of Professor JI Xun-Chao for the syndrome differentiation and treatment of cough variant asthma(CVA)in children based on the corresponding predominant two-hour periods of meridians and zang-fu viscera.The corresponding predominant two-hour periods of meridians and zang-fu viscera are derived from the Ziwu Liuzhu theory(midnight-midday ebb and flow,the movement of qi and blood in the meridians following heavenly-stems and earthly-branches cycle),which reflects the relationship of the two-hour periods with qi and blood circulation in the meridians.Professor JI Xun-Chao believes that the attack of CVA in children is related with the two-hour periods,and has close relationship with the zang-fu viscera of lung,liver and spleen.Based on the clinical manifestation characteristics,children CVA can be divided into two types,namely"jiming cough"(cough attack or aggravation at 23∶00-3∶00)and"pingdan cough"(cough attack or aggravation at 3∶00-11∶00),and jiming cough can develop into pingdan cough with the transformation of the pathogenesis.For the treatment of jiming cough,therapies of soothing liver to check upward adverse flow of qi and warming lung to resolve phlegm were usually adopted,and Wenfei Jiangni Decoction was prescribed.For the treatment of pingdan cough,therapies of invigorating spleen and replenishing qi together with the clearance of residual pathogens were adopted,and Tufuling Decoction was prescribed.This article summarized the temporal-differentiation experience of Professor JI Xun-Chao in treating children CVA based on the corresponding predominant two-hour periods of meridians and zang-fu viscera and the therapeutic principle of treating symptom and root cause simultaneously,which will provide reference for clinical treatment of children CVA.

Objective:To explore the properties of gelatin-polyethylene glycol hydrogel loaded with silver nanoparticle (AgNP) Chlorella (hereinafter referred to as the composite hydrogel) and its effects on healing of infected full-thickness skin defect wounds in mice. Methods:The research was an experimental research. The simple gelatin-polyethylene glycol hydrogel (hereinafter referred to as the simple hydrogel) and the composite hydrogel were prepared, and the appearance and injectability of the two hydrogels were observed at 55 and 37 ℃, and under the irradiation of 808 nm near-infrared light, respectively. An electronic universal testing machine was employed to assess the tensile and compressive stress-strain properties of both types of hydrogels at room temperature. Additionally, the cyclic compressive stress-strain properties of the composite hydrogel were examined at 80% of the maximum compressive stress. Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli solution was added to phosphate buffer solution (PBS), simple hydrogel, and composite hydrogel, respectively. The part of composite hydrogel containing Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli solution was irradiated with near-infrared light for 5 minutes. After each sample was incubated for 6 h, the dilution plating method was used to detect and calculate the mortality rates of the two bacteria at 24 h of culture ( n=5). The discarded foreskin tissue was taken from a 6-year-old healthy boy admitted to the Department of Urology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University for circumcision. Primary human fibroblasts (HFbs) were isolated using the enzyme extraction method, routinely cultured to the 3 rd to 6 th passages for subsequent cellular experiments. Composite hydrogel extracts with final mass concentrations of 100.0, 50.0, 25.0, 12.5, and 0 mg/mL were respectively prepared and used to culture HFbs, and the cell proliferation after 24 h of culture was detected using a cell counting kit 8 ( n=3). A total of twenty 6-8 weeks old C57BL/6J female mice were utilized, and a full-thickness skin defect was surgically created on the back of each mouse. The wounds were infected with Staphylococcus aureus solution. The infected mice were divided into blank control group, simple hydrogel group, composite hydrogel group, and combined treatment group according to the random number table, and the wounds were treated with PBS, simple hydrogel, composite hydrogel, and composite hydrogel+light irradiation (under the irradiation of 808 nm near-infrared light for 5 min), respectively, with 5 mice in each group. On post injury day (PID) 0 (immediately after the first wound treatment), 3, 7, and 14, an overall assessment of wound exudation and healing were conducted, and the wound healing rates on PID 7 and 14 were calculated ( n=5). On PID 14, hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe histopathological changes in the mouse wound. Results:Both simple hydrogel and composite hydrogel were in a solution state at 55 ℃ and transition to a gel state when cooling to 37 ℃. After the two hydrogels were irradiated by near-infrared light, only the composite hydrogel reheated up and returned to the solution state again with injectability. The maximum tensile stress of the composite hydrogel was up to 301.42 kPa, with a corresponding strain of 87.19%; the maximum compressive stress was up to 413.79 kPa, with a corresponding strain of 91.67%, which was similar to the tensile and compressive properties of the simple hydrogel. After 10 compression cycles, the maximum compressive stress of the composite hydrogel still reached 84.1% of the first compressive stress. After 24 h of culture, the mortality rate of Staphylococcus aureus treated with simple hydrogel was significantly higher than that treated with PBS ( P<0.05); the mortality rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus treated with composite hydrogel alone were significantly higher than those treated with simple hydrogel ( P<0.05); the mortality rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus treated with composite hydrogel+light irradiation were significantly higher than those treated with composite hydrogel alone ( P<0.05). After 24 h of culture, compared with that cultured in composite hydrogel immersion solution with final mass concentration of 0 mg/mL, the proliferation activity of HFbs cultured in composite hydrogel immersion solution with final mass concentrations of 25.0 and 50.0 mg/mL was significantly enhanced ( P<0.05), while the proliferation activity of HFbs cultured in composite hydrogel immersion solution with final mass concentration of 100 mg/mL was significantly decreased ( P<0.05). On PID 0 and 3, more purulent secretions were seen in the wounds of mice in blank control group and simple hydrogel group, while only a small amount of exudate was observed in the wounds of mice in composite hydrogel group, and no obvious infection was observed in the wounds of mice in combined treatment group. On PID 7 and 14, the wound healing rates of mice in simple hydrogel group were significantly higher than those in blank control group ( P<0.05); the wound healing rates of mice in composite hydrogel group were significantly higher than those in simple hydrogel group ( P<0.05); the wound healing rates in combined treatment group were significantly higher than those in composite hydrogel group ( P<0.05). On PID 14, the wounds of mice in blank control group exhibited a high infiltration of inflammatory cells with no new epithelial layer observed; the wounds of mice in simple hydrogel group displayed a short length of newly formed epithelium with a small amount of inflammatory cells; the wounds of mice in composite hydrogel group exhibited continuous formation of new epithelium and a large amount of immature granulation tissue; the wounds of mice in combined treatment group showed continuous epithelialization with less immature granulation tissue. Conclusions:The prepared composite hydrogel exhibits excellent thermosensitivity, photothermal properties, and injectability, as well as excellent mechanical properties, antibacterial properties, and biocompatibility, and can promote the healing of infected full-thickness skin defect wounds in mice.

Objective:To determine the incidence of adrenal incidentalomas(AIs) in patients with diabetes mellitus and the metabolism profiles.Methods:A total of 615 hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Peking University People′s Hospital from March 2020 to May 2021 were retrospectively included in this study. AIs were screened by unenhanced chest computed tomography(CT) retrospectively and subsequently confirmed by multiplanar reconstruction. Participants′ physical indicators, metabolic profiles, and adrenal function parameters were collected. Unpaired t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-Square test were adopted to compare the metabolism profiles between diabetes mellitus patients with or without AIs. Regression models were used to estimate the correlations between AIs and the metabolism profiles such as blood glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure, and the adrenal function parameters.Results:Twenty-seven out of 615 participants were detected with AIs(4.4%). Patients with AIs had higher body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference than patients without AIs [(29.4±5.1)kg/m 2vs(26.8±3.8)kg/m 2,P=0.018; (102.3±11.7)cm vs(95.8±10.3)cm, P=0.002; (107.3±10.1)cm vs(101.4±7.6)cm, P=0.008]. The levels of serum uric acid and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio were also significantly increased in patients with AIs [(409.6±118.1)μmol/L vs(357.4±100.6)μmol/L, P=0.009; 21.25(7.49, 180.24)mg/g vs 8.60(4.71, 34.56)mg/g, P=0.010]. Besides, individuals with AIs were also associated with a higher risk of co-existing hypertension( P=0.045). Conclusion:The incidence of AIs in patients with diabetes is 4.4%. The presence of AIs in patients with diabetes may associated with increased risk of obesity and hypertension.

Zuoguiyin， which first recorded in Jingyue Quanshu written by ZHANG Jiebin in the Ming dynasty， was included in the Catalogue of Ancient Famous Classical Formulas（The Second Batch）. This study followed the Principles of Textual Research on Key Information of Ancient Famous Classical Formulas to determine the key information of Zuoguiyin in ancient and modern literature， such as the formula origin， the composition of the formula and the origin of the drugs. It was found that the composition， dosage， preparation and processing methods of Zuoguiyin were basically the same as the original formula. The original dosage of this formula is 41.03 g of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata（the fresh or dried tuberous roots of Rehmannia glutinosa， processed by wine stewing or wine steaming）， 7.46 g of Dioscoreae Rhizoma（the dried rhizomes of Dioscorea opposita）， 7.46 g of Lycii Fructus（the dried mature fruit of Lycium barbarum）， 3.73 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle（the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， processed by honey-roasted method）， 5.595 g of Poria（the sclerotium of Poria cocos）， 5.595 g of Corni Fructus（the dried mature fruit pulp of Cornus officinalis）. The method of administration is to add 600 mL of water to all the herbs， decoct to 140 mL and take before meals. The function of Zuoguiyin is to nourish Yin and tonify the kidney， and it is often used in the treatment of lumbar soreness and ejaculation， night sweating， dry mouth and throat， thirst and desire to drink， glossy red tongue， thin and rapid pulse， etc. Since ancient times， Zuoguiyin has been used to treat a variety of internal and gynaecological diseases as well as diseases of the nervous， circulatory and reproductive systems that are predominantly caused by kidney Yin deficiency. However， there is not much research on the modern application and therapeutic mechanism of this formula， and there is no standardized preparation in the market， so the degree of development and utilization is not high， and there is still a lot of room for research.

The steps for installation and withdrawal of WYD2000 field surgical lamp were introduced.The failures and causes of broken cross-arm connector of WYD2000 field surgical lamp were analyzed.The problems of WYD2000 field surgical lamp in vulnerability to breaking and difficulty in maintenance were solved by designing and manufacturing a special maintenance tool and optimizing the materials and fixing mode of cross-arm connection.References were provided for main-tenance and improvement of WYD2000 field surgical lamp.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(4):116-118]

Cases of human infection with H7 subtype avian influenza virus(AIV)combined with five NA subtypes(N2,N3,N4,N7,and N9)have been reported.This study was aimed at establishing a method for simultaneous detection and dif-ferential diagnosis of H7 and five NA subtypes of AIV.Seven pairs of specific primers were designed according to the conserved sequences of the HA gene of H7 subtype AIV,the NA gene of five NA AIV subtypes,and the M gene of all AIV subtypes.A high-throughput GeXP typing method was established for simultaneous detection of the H7 subtype and the five NA subtypes of AIV by using GeXP multiple gene expression and capillary electrophoresis analysis technology.The specificity and sensitivity of the method were determined,and clinical samples were tested.The specificity results indicated that this method was able to simultaneously detect seven target genes in a single tube;each pair of specific primers was able to detect the corresponding AIV subtype,and the universal detection primers were able to detect all subtypes of AIV,with no cross-reaction with other common avian disease pathogens.Sensitivity results demonstrated that this method was able to simultaneously detect seven target genes with a threshold detection limit was 100 copies/μL.The detection results for 150 clinical samples were consistent with those of viral isolation and identification.The high-throughput GeXP method for simultaneous differential diagnosis of the H7 subtype and five subtypes of AIV established in this study has advantages of high specificity,high sensitivity,rapidity,and simplicity,thus providing a new detection method for the effective prevention and control of AIV.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib against radiation-induced injury in rats'small intestinal crypt epithelial cell line(IEC-6).Methods(1)Using CCK-8 colorimetric assay,colony formation assay,the PI staining method,Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining and Western blot,the impact of palbociclib on proliferation,cell cycle dynamics,apoptosis,DNA damage,as well as phosphorylation events at Rb-780 and 795 sites in irradiated IEC-6 cells was investigated.(2)An IEC-6 cell line overexpressing Rb was established,and the effects of Rb overexpression on proliferation,cell cycle,and apoptosis in the IEC-6 cell line were assessed using the CCK-8 colorimetric assay,PI staining method,Annexin V-PE/7-AAD dual staining and Western blot.Additionally,the impact of Rb overexpression on the protective effect of palbociclib against radiation damage was verified in the Rb-overexpressing IEC-6 cell line.Results(1)Administration of palbociclib was demonstrated to enhance the proliferative capacity of IEC-6 cells following exposure to 10 Gy X-ray irradiation,increase colony formation ability post 4-8 Gy X-ray exposure while concomitantly reducing the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase after 10 Gy irradiation and diminishing apoptosis in irradiated IEC-6 cells.Protein expression analysis revealed that palbociclib inhibited phosphorylation at Rb-780 and 795 sites and attenuated the production of γ-H2AX in IEC-6 cells following irradiation.(2)After transfection of IEC-6 cells with Rb overexpression lentivirus,there was a significant increase in the total protein expression of Rb.The phosphorylation levels at Rb-780 and 795 sites were markedly elevated.Consequently,cell proliferation was accelerated,the proportion of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle increased,and the apoptotic rate significantly rose after exposure to 10 Gy X-ray irradiation.(3)Treatment with a lower dose of palbociclib(0.05 μmol/L)was found to suppress the phosphorylation of Rb at 780 and 795 sites in IEC-6 cells overexpressing Rb.Additionally,it reduced apoptosis in IEC-6 cells overexpressing Rb following exposure to 10 Gy X-ray irradiation.However,this treatment did not inhibit the phosphorylation of Rb at 780 and 795 sites in IEC-6 cells transfected with the empty vector,nor did it exert a protective effect against radiation-induced damage in these cells.Conclusion The CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib demonstrates significant protective effects against radiation-induced damage in rats'intestinal crypt epithelial cell line(IEC-6),with the Rb protein potentially playing a crucial role in mediating this radioprotective response.

To propose the definition of forensic molecular imaging(FMI)and to utilize molecular imaging techniques to seek effective solutions to important issues in the field of forensic medicine,such as fo-rensic psychiatry,drug-related damages,internet gaming addiction,and stress-induced injuries.FMI is an emerging interdisciplinary field.It is in its infancy in China and faces certain problems and challenges,such as a shortage of skilled professionals and a lack of standardization.Therefore,it is crucial for China to enhance the cultivation of talents,fundamental research,and practical applications in FMI.FMI will play its supporting role in public security,public health,judicial trials,civil mediation and other aspects,to safeguard judicial justice and social stability,and promote the construction of a peaceful and rule-of-law society in China.