ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Guizhi Fulingwan （GFW） against hepatic fibrosis， focusing on elucidating the regulatory effect of GFW on the mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA）/NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）/cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-1 （Caspase-1）/gasdermin D （GSDMD） signaling pathway. MethodsForty-two male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly allocated into six groups （n=7）： control， model， low/medium/high-dose （0.14， 0.28， 0.56 g·kg^-1·d^-1） GFW （GFW-L， GFW-M， GFW-H）， and Dahuang Zhechong pills （DZW， 1.8 g·kg^-1·d^-1）. The rat model of hepatic fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride. General conditions of the rats were observed. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） levels were measured. Liver histopathology and collagen deposition were observed through hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining and Masson's trichrome staining. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） was employed to observe structural alterations and damage of cellular ultrastructures including mitochondria. Mitochondrial membrane potential （MMP， ΔΨ_m） was detected by flow cytometry. Serum levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and interleukin-18 （IL-18） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA levels of mtDNA and NLRP3 in the liver tissue were quantified by Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The protein levels of key molecules in the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway in the liver tissue were determined by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group exhibited a decrease in body weight （P<0.01）， an increase in liver index （P<0.01）， elevations in serum ALT and AST levels （P<0.01）， and typical fibrotic features such as disorganized hepatocytes， inflammatory infiltration， and increased collagen deposition in the liver tissue. TEM revealed significant karyotheca degeneration， mitochondrial swelling， endoplasmic reticulum expansion， and organelle efflux in the model group. In addition， the model group showed decreased ΔΨ_m （P<0.01）， up-regulated mRNA levels of mtDNA and NLRP3 （P<0.01） and protein levels of NLRP3， Caspase-1， and GSDMD （P<0.01） in the liver tissue， and increased serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 （P<0.01）. Compared with that in the model group， the body weight increased in GFW-L， GFW-M， and DZW groups （P<0.05） and markedly increased in the GFW-H group （P<0.01）. The liver index decreased in the GFW groups and DZW group （P<0.01）. The serum ALT level declined in the GFW-L group （P<0.05）， and the serum ALT and AST levels decreased in the GFW-M， GFW-H， and DZW groups （P<0.01）. Histopathological damage and fibrosis were alleviated to varying degrees， and TEM revealed mitigated ultrastructural injuries including mitophagy， mitochondrial swelling， and endoplasmic reticulum expansion in the drug intervention groups. The ΔΨ_m increased in GFW groups without statistical significance. The mRNA level of mtDNA in the liver tissue was down-regulated in the GFW-M （P<0.05）， GFW-H （P<0.01）， and DZW （P<0.01） groups. The mRNA level of NLRP3 was down-regulated in GFW-M， GFW-H， and DZW groups （P<0.01）. Western blot analysis showed significantly down-regulated protein level of NLRP3 in all the GFW groups and the DZW group （P<0.01）. The protein level of GSDMD-N was down-regulated in GFW-H and DZW groups （P<0.01）. The protein level of cleaved Caspase-1 was down-regulated in GFW-M （P<0.05）， GFW-H （P<0.01）， and DZW （P<0.01） groups. In addition， the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 declined in GFW-H and DZW groups （P<0.01）. ConclusionGFW can suppress pyroptosis to ameliorate CCl₄-induced hepatic fibrosis， potentially through mitigating mitochondrial damage， inhibiting inflammasome assembly and activation， and blocking pro-inflammatory cytokine release.

Objective To analyze the predictive value of CT cerebral perfusion(CTP)combined with CT angiography(CTA)for the prognosis of patients with large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.Methods A retrospective study was performed in 98 patients with large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction who were admitted to Haian People's Hospital from January 2021 to November 2024.There were 63 males and 56 females with a mean age of(57.26±5.03)years.The mean time from onset to admission was(4.89±0.69)h.There were 20 patients with a history of smoking.After admission,CTP and CTA were performed to evaluate relative cerebral blood volume(rCBV),relative cerebral blood flow(rCBF),relative mean transit time(rMTT),relative time to peak(rTTP),and CTA score.The prognosis was evaluated according to the modified Rankin scale(mRS)3 months after intravenous thrombolysis.Then the patients were assigned to good prognosis group(0-2 points)or poor prognosis group(3-6 points).The basic data and the parameters of CTP and CTA were compared between the two groups.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the CTP-and CTA-related influencing factors of poor prognosis in patients with large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.Results During 3-month follow-up,poor prognosis was found in 30 patients(25.21%).The rCBV,rCBF and CTA scores of the poor prognosis group were significantly lower than those of the good prognosis group,while the National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)score,rMTT and rTTP at admission in the good prognosis group were significantly higher than those in the good prognosis group(P<0.05).Logistic regression equation analysis(introduction level 0.05,exclusion level 0.10)showed that NIHSS score(OR=1.622,95%CI:1.258 to 2.093),rMTT level(OR=10.757,95%CI:2.847 to 40.640)and rTTP level(OR=14.774,95%CI:3.280 to 66.558)at admission were risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction(P<0.05),while CTA score(OR=0.315,95%CI:0.163 to 0.608),rCBF level(OR=0.008,95%CI:0.001 to 0.109),and rCBV level(OR=0.016,95%CI:0.002 to 0.155)were protective factors for poor prognosis in these patients(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivities of CTA score,rCBF,rCBV,rMTT,and rTTP in predicting poor prognosis in patients with large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction were 79.2%,75.0%,70.8%,58.3%,and 83.3%,respectively;the specificities were 62.2%,64.9%,70.3%,72.0%,and 70.3%,respectively;their combination had a relatively high predictive value for poor prognosis(area under the curve was 0.863).Conclusion The combination of CTP and CTA has a relatively high value in predicting the prognosis of patients with large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.

Objective:To investigate the effects of preoperative administration of parecoxib sodium on stress reaction and postoperative nausea and vomiting score in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods:A total of 112 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Lishui City People's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 56 patients per group. The observation group was intravenously administered 40 mg parecoxib sodium 30 minutes before surgery, and the control group was identically administered equal amount of 0.9% sodium chloride injection. At 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels and postoperative nausea and vomiting score were compared between the two groups.Results:At 1, 6 and 12 hours after surgery, VAS score in the observation group was (3.23 ± 0.85) points, (2.44 ± 0.76) points, (2.37 ± 0.69) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than (4.06 ± 1.12) points, (3.24 ± 0.95) points, (3.10 ± 1.07) points in the control group ( t = 4.41, 4.92, 4.29, all P < 0.001). At 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery, cortisol level in the observation group was (287.79 ± 35.46) ng/L, (303.55 ± 34.77) ng/L, (368.58 ± 31.22) ng/L, (397.16 ± 32.60) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than (337.64 ± 39.52) ng/L, (364.18 ± 36.90) ng/L, (405.56 ± 37.29) ng/L, (455.51 ± 37.81) ng/L in the control group ( t = 7.02, 8.94, 5.69, 8.74, all P < 0.05). At 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery, adrenocorticotropic hormone level in the observation group was (59.25 ± 7.63) ng/L, (65.27 ± 8.23) ng/L, (72.29 ± 7.49) ng/L, (83.63 ± 8.57) ng/L, which were significantly lower than (64.48 ± 8.06) ng/L, (71.44 ± 8.59) ng/L, (79.79 ± 8.15) ng/L, (90.08 ± 8.26) ng/L in the control group ( t = 3.52, 3.88, 5.07, 4.05, all P < 0.05). Within 24 hours after surgery, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [12.50% (7/56) vs. 28.57% (16/56), χ2 = 4.43, P < 0.05). Within 2 hours, 2-6 hours, and > 6-24 hours, postoperative nausea and vomiting score in the observation group was (1.31 ± 0.26) points, (1.43 ± 0.32) points, and (1.46 ± 0.41) points, respectively, which was significantly lower than (1.67 ± 0.41) points, (1.83 ± 0.39) points, (1.88 ± 0.44) points in the control group ( t = 2.12, 2.37, 2.14, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Preoperative administration of parecoxib sodium exhibits a good postoperative analgesic effect in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It can effectively reduce postoperative stress reactions, decrease the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and lower the severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and thereby can be widely used in clinical practice.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Acanthus ilicifolius. Methods Compounds were isolated and purified on silica gel,SephadexLH -20 and HPLC,and their chemical structures were elucidated by spectral evidence,physical and chemical analyses. Results and Conclusion Nine compounds,named as stigmasta-4-en-3-one(1),stigmasta-4,22-diene-3-one(2),campest-4-en-3-one(3),tigmasta-4-en-3,6-dione(4),Stigmasta-4,22-diene-3,6-dione(5),Stigmasta-4,22-diene-6?-ol-3-one(6),6?-hydroxyl-stigmasta-4-en-3-one(7),3?-hydroxyl-stigmasta-5,22-diene-7-one(8),3?-hydroxyl-stigmasta-5-en-7-one(9),respectively,were obtained from the petroleum ether soluble portion in the methanol extracts of Acanthus ilicifolius. Among them,compounds 4~8 were reported from this plant for the first time,compounds 2,4 and 9 showed moderate activity against selected tumor cell lines.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of gorgonian Muriceides collaris. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and HPLC. Their chemical structures were identified by physicochemical analysis,spectroscopic analysis,and comparison with the data of literatures. Results From the CH3OH soluble extract of Muriceides collaris,nine compounds were isolated,and their structures were determined as cholesterol (1),batyl alcohol (2),benzoic acid (3),uracil (4),thymine (5),2'-deoxyuridine (6),2'-deoxythymidine (7),thymidine (8) and 2'-deoxyadenosine (9),respectively. Conclusion All compounds were obtained from the species Muriceides collaris for the first time.

AIM:To establish the HPLC-fingerprint of the water-soluble constituents of Salvia miltiorrhizae Bge.on 18 batches from 9 areas in China. METHODS: Samples of Salvia miltiorrhizae Bge.from different areas were determined by Agilent 1100 DAD-HPLC on Sino Chrom ODS-BP column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m),gradient elution with methanol-water(0.7%H_3PO_4) as mobile phase,column temperature was at 30℃,flow rate was 1 mL/min,wavelength was at 280 nm,and the inject volume was 20 ?L. RESULTS: The HPLC-fingerprints of the water-soluble constituents from Salvia miltiorrhizae Bge.,including 12 mutual peaks,were developed after determination of 10 batches of drugs according to SPSS analysis.,and in which,3 characteristic components were recognized. CONCLUSION: The separation effect of peaks in fingerprints is better and the characteristic is also obvious.The RSD values of precision and reproducibility are less than 5%.This method can be used for the quality control of Salvia miltiorrhizae Bge.