Glioma represents the most prevalent malignant tumor of the central nervous system, with chemotherapy serving as an essential adjunctive treatment. However, most chemotherapeutic agents exhibit limited ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This study introduced a novel dual-targeting strategy for glioma therapy by modulating the formation of nanobody-driven protein coronas to enhance the brain and tumor-targeting efficiency of hydrophobic cisplatin prodrug-loaded lipid nanoparticles (C8Pt-Ls). Specifically, nanobodies (Nbs) with fibrinogen-binding capabilities were conjugated to the surface of C8Pt-Ls, resulting in the generation of Nb-C8Pt-Ls. Within the bloodstream, Nb-C8Pt-Ls could bound more fibrinogen, forming the protein corona that specifically interacted with LRP-1, a receptor highly expressed on the BBB. This interaction enabled a "Hitchhiking Effect" mechanism, facilitating efficient trans-BBB transport and promoting effective brain targeting. Additionally, the protein corona interacted with LRP-1, which is also overexpressed in glioma cells, achieving precise tumor targeting. Computational simulations and SPR detection clarified the molecular interaction mechanism of the Nb-fibrinogen-(LRP-1) complex, confirming its binding specificity and stability. Our results demonstrated that this strategy significantly enhanced C8Pt accumulation in brain tissues and tumors, induced apoptosis in glioma cells, and improved therapeutic efficacy. This study provides a novel framework for glioma therapy and underscores the potential of protein corona modulation-based dual-targeting strategies in advancing treatments for brain tumors.

Objective To primarily investigate the indoor radon concentrations in the urban and rural dwellings in Yinchuan, China, and to estimate the effective dose. Methods A total of 67 dwellings, which included 49 urban households and 18 rural households in Yinchuan, were selected to cumulatively measure the indoor radon concentrations for more than 3 months using solid state nuclear track detection. Results The arithmetic mean, geometric mean, median, and range of indoor radon concentrations in urban and rural areas in Yinchuan were 64 Bq/m³, 59 Bq/m³, 57 Bq/m³, and 25-172 Bq/m³, respectively. Surveillance sites with an indoor radon concentration higher than 100 Bq/m³ accounted for 7.5%. Indoor radon concentrations in rural areas were higher than those in urban areas. Indoor radon concentrations were highest in winter and lowest in summer. The effective dose of indoor radon exposure among residents in Yinchuan was 1.86 mSv/a. Conclusion The results of indoor radon concentrations measured in this investigation in Yinchuan are significantly higher than those measured in the 1990s. The annual effective dose is higher than the mean levels in the world and China.

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for better implementation of the priority review system for generic drugs of encouraged generic drug catalogues. METHODS Based on literature research， practical status of the priority review system for generic drugs in two batches of encouraged generic drug catalogues in China was analyzed， and the problems existing in the application of the system were compared to propose corresponding solutions. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS China has issued two batches of encouraged generic drug catalogues， and there were 49 varieties of generic drugs included in the catalogues. In the implementation of the priority review system for generic drugs of encouraged generic drug catalogues， there were some problems in legislation， incentive system for the first generic drug， post-marketing re-evaluation system， and cross-departmental coordination and linkage mechanism. It is suggested to strengthen legislation， improve the “first generic market exclusivity period” system， perfect the post-marketing re-evaluation system and form a normalized cross-departmental coordination mechanism so as to ensure the safety， effectiveness and accessibility of generic drugs in China.

Objective To summarize the experience of general anesthesia management in pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension who had to undergo cesarean section. Methods Clinical data, anesthesia methods and outcome of 6 pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension were analyzed. Among them, 1 case of patent ductus arteriosus had to undergo cesarean section twice, because the interval time of twice cesarean section was longer (2 years), and the number of pregnant women was counted to 7 cases. Results Seven patients had to undergo cesarean section with general anesthesia, and all the pregnant women′s hemodynamic were stable during the operation. After operation, 1 pregnant woman discharged from hospital against the doctor′s advices because of massive brain infarction, and the others were all rehabilitated. Seven newborns status:preterm in 3 cases, cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 2 cases, the Apgar score of the others newborns was 9-10 scores. Conclusions Pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension have high peri-operative risk, especially those who undergo general anesthesia. To improve the survival rate, anesthetist should reinforce the perioperative care, maintain oxygen supply, reduce the stress response, maintain the preload and blood pressure, and avoid the increasing of pulmonary pressure.

Objective To understand the allocation of radiological diagnostic equipment and the frequency of medical radiation exposure in the medical institutions in Ningxia region,in order to provide the basis for the reasonable application of medical radiation technology.Methods The general survey in the form of the questionnaires was used to investigate and analyze the medical radiation usage of medical X-ray diagnostics,interventional radiology,nuclear medicine and radiotherapy in Ningxia region medical institutions.Results The frequency of X-ray diagnostic radiography in Ningxia region was 727.9 per 1 000 population in 2014.The frequency of X-ray photography examination was the highest,525.2 per 1 000 population,followed bv the frequency of CT scanning,147.9 per 1 000.For others,the frequency was radiotherapy 6.0 per 1 000 population,nuclear medicine 1.8 per 1 000 and interventional radiology 3.8 per 1 000,respectively.These differences were of statistical significance in frequency of X-ray diagnostic examination in five cities' medical institutions in Ningxia (X2 =162 280.7,P ＜ 0.05),also in all medical institutions at different levels (x2 =902 485.2,P ＜ 0.05) and for both frequency of X-ray photography examination and CT scanning in these institutions (x2 =471 574.9,181 887.1,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Of the X-ray diagnostic radiography,the CT scanning has becoine a major means next only to the X-ray photography examination.There are differences in frequency of X-ray diagnostic examination in the medical institutions at different levels in different cities of the region.The related regulatory authorities should strengthen the supervision and management of radiation protection in mnedical institutions,to ensure the justification of diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy.

The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumor thrombus formation in the main vasculature is extremely poor. Sorafenib combined with transarterial chemoembolization is a novel treatment approach for advanced HCC. In this study, we report two HCC patients with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus who underwent the combination treatment. The overall survival times for these two patients were 44 months and 35 months, respectively. Our report suggests that sorafenib combined with transarterial chemoembolization may be a viable choice for patients with advanced HCC even with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus. Further studies are required to verify the efficacy and safety of this combination therapy for patients with advanced HCC with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; Catheterization, Peripheral ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Niacinamide ; analogs & derivatives ; Phenylurea Compounds ; Prognosis ; Thrombosis ; Vena Cava, Inferior

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of intrathecal injection of magnesium sulfate ( MgSO4 ) on pain behavior in mouse with bone cancer pain.Methods56 male 8-10 week old C3H/HeJ mice weighing 18-22 g were divided randomly into 7 groups ( n =8 ):sham group (S group),control group (C group) and MgSO4 plus morphine treat groups( T1-T5 group).Croup C and T mice were induced bone cancer pain models by intra-rightfemur inoculation of osteolytic NCTC2472 cells while group S were injected of only α-MEM.On the 14d after inoculation,group S and C received intrathecal injection of artificial cerebrospinal fluid 5 μl,while group T1-T5 received intrathecal injection of MgSO4 14.4 μg,43.2 μg,86.4 μg,morphine 0.36 μg,MgSO4 14.4 μg-morphine 0.36 μg,which were dissolved in 5 μl artificial cerebrospinal fluid.Micc received pain behavior tests including quantification of spontaneous flinches,paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) at 0.5h before and 0.5h,2h,4h,gh after administration.ResultsTreatment with MgSO4 (14.4 μg),morphine (0.36 μg) have no effect on bone cancer pain,while treatment with MgSO4 (43.2 μg,86.4 μg)can dose-dependently reverse quantification of spontaneous flinches,mechanical allodynia and thermal hypcralgesia which were induced by inoculation as well as MgSO4 14.4 μg-morphine 0.36 μg.At 0.5 h after administration,the quantification of spontancous flinches of the three groups( ( 10.08 ± 1.66),(7.35 ± 1.36),( 10.54 ± 1.32 ) ) were decrcased when compared with control group ( 13.05 ± 2.06 ),PWMT ( (0.81 ± 0.22 ) g; ( 1.33 ± 0.19)g; (0.93 ±0.26)g),PWTL( (10.57 ±1.53)s; (13.12 ±1.71)s; (11.46 ±1.83)s) were increased when compared with control group ( (0.42 ± 0.23 ) g,( 8.87 ± 1.27 ) s) (P ＜ 0.05 ).The effect reached maximum level at 2h,lasted for at least 4h and disappeared at 8h.ConclusionIntrathecal injection MgSO4 can effectively attenuate bone cancer pain dose-dependently.At the same time MgSO4 can amplify the analgesic effect of subliminal morphine.

Objective To evaluate the effect of individualized and quantified rehabilitation exercise after te-nosuture of the digital flexor tendon. Methods One hundred and eighty cases of digital flexor tendon tenosuture were randomly divided into a quantification group and a control group. For the quantification group, the maximal ten-sile strength against rupture (Fmax) was measured during the operation. After splinting, the length of an elastic bandwas measured when there was a 2 mm clearance between the 2 ends of the sutured tendon, and the protective device was then fixed with all its parameters unchanged in the whole study. For the control group, Fmax was not measured and there was no protective device during training. Both groups were subdivided into subgroups A and B according to the daily training frequency. Training frequencies of 3 or 6 times per day were applied to the two subgroups. Results After 3 months of rehabilitation treatment, there was no re-rupture in the quantification group, but 6 cases of re-rup-ture occurred in the control group. 91% of the eases in the quantification group were evaluated as excellent or good, while in the control group 80% of the cases were evaluated as excellent or good. Clinical efficacy was significantly better in the quantification subgroup receiving 6 treatments per day than in any other subgroup. Conclusions Indi-vidualized and quantified rehabilitation exercise can prevent tendon re-rupture after tenosuture. 6 sessions of training per day may be better than 3 sessions per day.