OBJECTIVES: To synthesize a temperature-responsive multimodal motion microrobot (MMMR) using temperature and magnetic field-assisted microfluidic droplet technology to achieve targeted drug delivery and controlled drug release. METHODS: Microfluidic droplet technology was utilized to synthesize the MMMR by mixing gelatin with magnetic microparticles. The microrobot possessed a magnetic anisotropy structure to allow its navigation and targeted drug release by controlling the temperature field and magnetic field. In the experiment, the MMMR was controlled to move in a wide range along a preset path by rotating a uniform magnetic field, and the local circular motion was driven by a planar rotating gradient magnetic field of different frequencies. The MMMR was loaded with simulated drugs, which were released in response to laser heating. RESULTS: Driven by a rotating magnetic field, the MMMR achieved linear motion following a predefined path. The planar gradient rotating magnetic field controlled circular motion of the MMMR with an adjustable radius, utilizing the centrifugal force generated by rotation. The drug-loaded MMMR successfully reached the target location under magnetic guidance, where the gelatin matrix was melted using laser heating for accurate drug release, after which the remaining magnetic particles were removed using magnetic field. CONCLUSIONS The MMMR possesses multimodal motion capabilities to enable precise navigation along a predefined path and dynamic regulation of drug release within the target area, thus having great potential for a wide range of biomedical applications.
Drug Delivery Systems/methods* ; Temperature ; Drug Liberation ; Magnetic Fields ; Robotics ; Gelatin/chemistry* ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Microfluidics ; Motion

ObjectiveTo explore the construction of a risk assessment indicator system for common infectious diseases in Shanghai’s childcare institutions, and to provide a reference standard for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, staff training and system construction in childcare institutions. MethodsBy combining the Delphi method with the literature review and expert consultation, the hierarchical dimensions and items at all levels of the risk assessment indicator system for common infectious diseases in Shanghai’s childcare institutions were constructed, and the weighting coefficients were determined by analytic hierarchy process. ResultsA total of 14 experts from the field of childcare institutions, infectious disease control, child healthcare and health supervision participated in the Delphi consultation. The system consisted of four core dimensions: organizational management, team building, hardware equipment, and infectious disease surveillance and disposal, with the weighting coefficients of 0.285 9, 0.261 6, 0.204 3 and 0.248 2, respectively. The evaluation indicator system consisted of 4 primary indicators, 15 secondary indicators and 45 tertiary items. The positivity coefficients of the two rounds of Delphi consultation were 0.93 and 1.00, the authority coefficients were both 0.81, and the Kendall’s coefficient of concordance were 0.44 and 0.49, respectively (P<0.01). ConclusionThe high expert engagement and coordination indicate that organizational management and team building remain the critical priorities for infectious disease prevention and control in Shanghai’s childcare institutions. It is recommended to strengthen financial investment, improve institutional mechanisms, and enhance personnel reserves and capacity building for healthcare teachers, thereby systematically upgrading the infectious disease control capabilities of childcare institutions.

Granulomatous vasculitis is a kind of necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis with the prominent feature of detectable anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in serum, which often involves the respiratory tract and kidneys, and the onset of symptoms in the digestive tract is rare, and we now report a rare case of granulomatous vasculitis in which the gastrointestinal tract was involved as the first symptom in order to improve the clinician's understanding of this disease.

Lung cancer is a serious pulmonary tumor,with exacerbation of chronic lung inflammation being a precursor to the development of lung cancer.Relevant animal models are widely used in experimental research,to gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of lung cancer and to develop preventive treatment strategies.Induced lung cancer animal models are of particular importance for understanding the transition from chronic lung inflammation to lung cancer.Early intervention is crucial for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.Here we review the recent literature regarding the inducing factors for lung cancer,including carcinogens(e.g.nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone,benzopyrene,diethylnirtosamine atmospheric fine particulate matter(PM2.5),coal smoke,heavy metal ions,radiation,and biological infections).We also summarize animal models of lung inflammation and cancer transformation induced by these factors,discuss the mechanisms by which relevant carcinogens induce lung cancer,analyze the advantages and limitations of the animal models,and consider future development directions.This review aims is to provide a valuable reference for the future establishment of relevant models.

Granulomatous vasculitis is a kind of necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis with the prominent feature of detectable anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in serum, which often involves the respiratory tract and kidneys, and the onset of symptoms in the digestive tract is rare, and we now report a rare case of granulomatous vasculitis in which the gastrointestinal tract was involved as the first symptom in order to improve the clinician's understanding of this disease.

Lung cancer is a serious pulmonary tumor,with exacerbation of chronic lung inflammation being a precursor to the development of lung cancer.Relevant animal models are widely used in experimental research,to gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of lung cancer and to develop preventive treatment strategies.Induced lung cancer animal models are of particular importance for understanding the transition from chronic lung inflammation to lung cancer.Early intervention is crucial for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.Here we review the recent literature regarding the inducing factors for lung cancer,including carcinogens(e.g.nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone,benzopyrene,diethylnirtosamine atmospheric fine particulate matter(PM2.5),coal smoke,heavy metal ions,radiation,and biological infections).We also summarize animal models of lung inflammation and cancer transformation induced by these factors,discuss the mechanisms by which relevant carcinogens induce lung cancer,analyze the advantages and limitations of the animal models,and consider future development directions.This review aims is to provide a valuable reference for the future establishment of relevant models.

Objective To establish the drug use evaluation(DUE)standards of roxadustat,and to evaluate its clinical application to promote its rational use.Methods Based on the drug labels,referring to relevant guidelines and expert consensus,the DUE criteria for roxadustat were established through the Delphi method,including items such as drug indications,drug use process and the results of medication.A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the rationality of cases which included inpatients who used roxadustat for the first time from January 1,2020 to December 31,2022,with a medication period of more than one month in Fujian Provincial Hospital.Results A total of 175 medical records were included,of which 14 records were fully met the clinical application evaluation criteria,and the medication reasonable rate was 8.0％.The unreasonable situation were mainly manifested in the inappropriate clinical outcomes(92.0％),the inappropriate use dosages(52.6％),inappropriate monitoring of adverse reactions(34.9％),inappropriate timing of administration(13.1％),drug interactions(8.7％),inappropriate drug conversion(5.7％),inappropriate efficacy monitoring(4.0％).Conclusion The established DUE standards for roxadustat are scientific,practical and feasible,and the evaluation results show a rate of irrationality in the use of roxadustat in the hospital,and it is necessary to standardize the use of roxadustat in terms of dosage,adverse reaction monitoring,and timing of administration.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Hangzhou City and analyze its influencing factors, in order to provide a basis for guiding pregnant women in Hangzhou City to supplement iodine scientifically.Methods:A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 1 400 pregnant women in Hangzhou City from March to October 2018. Random urine samples and household salt samples from pregnant women were collected, and the levels of urine iodine and salt iodine were measured using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry and direct titration, respectively. The iodine nutritional status of pregnant women with different basic characteristics and dietary levels were analyzed and compared (Kruskal-Wallis test), and the main influencing factors affecting the urinary iodine concentration level of pregnant women were identified (the ordinal multiple classification logistic regression analysis).Results:The median urinary iodine of pregnant women was 135.00 μg/L, and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate of pregnant women was 83.36% (1 167/1 400). In terms of basic characteristics, there were statistically significant differences in the distribution level of urine iodine among pregnant women with different pregnancy frequency, delivery frequency, and natural abortion frequency ( P < 0.05). In terms of diet, the frequency of consuming milk, yogurt, meat, and whether pregnant women consumed cabbage and cauliflower showed statistically significant differences in urinary iodine distribution levels ( P < 0.05). Ordinal multiple classification logistic regression analysis showed that the urine iodine levels of pregnant women who were pregnant twice were higher than those who were pregnant ≥3 times ( OR = 1.64, P = 0.003). Pregnant women who never or occasionally consumed yogurt had lower urine iodine levels than or equal to those who consumed 2 bottles of yogurt per day ( OR = 0.53, P = 0.044). Pregnant women who never or occasionally consumed meat and those who consumed meat once a week had higher urinary iodine levels than that who consumed meat ≥2 times per week ( OR = 1.40, 1.47, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The overall iodine nutrition of pregnant women in Hangzhou City is at an deficiency level. Pregnancy experience and dietary level are influencing factors on iodine nutrition of pregnant women. It is necessary to carry out in-depth health education for pregnant women, improve the dietary structure during pregnancy, and improve the abnormal iodine nutrition of pregnant women.

This article aims to explore the significant influence of the Communist Party of China(CPC)on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).The article reviews the historical development of TCM in modern times and the impact of the CPC,combined with the achievements of the TCM department of comprehensive hospitals,to explore the approach of building pioneer branches with distinctive TCM national cultural characteristics,and to consider how to inherit and innovate the development of TCM cultural essence.The article emphasizes the significant contribution of the CPC to the modernization of TCM and the cause of human health.Through this research,it will contribute to a better understanding of the important role of the CPC in the protec-tion and inheritance of TCM culture and explore cultivation programs for party branches with TCM characteristics to better inherit,innovate and develop traditional Chinese medicine.

BACKGROUND: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection posed a huge threat and burden to public healthcare in late 2022. Non-drug measures of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as acupuncture, cupping and moxibustion, are commonly used as adjuncts in China to help in severe cases, but their effects remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: To observe the clinical effect of TCM non-drug measures in improving respiratory function and symptoms among patients with severe COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: This study was designed as a multicenter, assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were randomly assigned to the treatment or control group. The treatment group received individualized TCM non-drug measures in combination with prone position ventilation, while the control group received prone position ventilation only for 5 consecutive days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measures were the percentage of patients with improved oxygen saturation (SpO₂) at the end of the 5-day intervention, as well as changes of patients' respiratory rates. The secondary outcome measures included changes in SpO₂ and total score on the self-made respiratory symptom scale. The improvement rate, defined as a 3-day consecutive increase in SpO₂, the duration of prone positioning, and adverse events were recorded as well. RESULTS: Among the 198 patients included in the intention-to-treat analysis, 159 (80.3%) completed all assessments on day 5, and 39 (19.7%) patients withdrew from the study. At the end of the intervention, 71 (91%) patients in the treatment group had SpO₂ above 93%, while 61 (75.3%) in the control group reached this level. The proportion of participant with improved SpO₂ was significantly greater in the intervention group (mean difference [MD] = 15.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.4, 27.1; P = 0.008). Compared to the baseline, with daily treatment there were significant daily decreases in respiratory rates in both groups, but no statistical differences between groups were found (all P ≥ 0.05). Compared to the control group, the respiratory-related symptoms score was lower among patients in the treatment group (MD = -1.7; 95% CI: -2.8, -0.5; P = 0.008) after day 3 of treatment. A gradual decrease in the total scores of both groups was also observed. Thirty-one adverse events occurred during the intervention, and 2 patients were transferred to the intensive care unit due to deterioration of their illness. CONCLUSION: TCM non-drug measures combined with prone positioning can effectively treat patients with severe COVID-19. The combined therapy significantly increased SpO₂ and improved symptom scores compared to prone positioning alone, thus improving the patients' respiratory function to help them recover. However, the improvement rate did not differ between the two groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300068319). Please cite this article as: Yin X, Jin Z, Li F, Huang L, Hu YM, Zhu BC, Wang ZQ, Li XY, Li JP, Lao LX, Mi YQ, Xu SF. Effectiveness and safety of adjunctive non-drug measures in improving respiratory symptoms among patients with severe COVID-19: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. J Integr Med. 2024; 22(6): 637-644.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; China ; COVID-19/complications* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Moxibustion/methods* ; Oxygen Saturation ; Prone Position ; Respiration, Artificial ; Treatment Outcome