OBJECTIVE Explore the influencing factors of hearing loss among workers exposed to noise.METHODS A total of 167 noise exposure practitioners undergoing hearing testing in Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected to perform hearing testing on the left and right ears of the patients.Based on the test results,the patients were divided into 123 hearing loss patients(loss group)and 44 non hearing loss patients(control group).The population characteristics,laboratory indicators,noise exposure,and other indicators of the two groups were compared.Logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors for hearing loss in noise exposed workers.RESULTS In the 2 000,3 000,4 000,and 6 000 Hz air conduction hearing threshold tests,the hearing threshold of the right side of the loss group patients was higher than that of the control group.In the 500,1 000,2 000,3 000,4 000,and 6 000 Hz air conduction hearing threshold tests,the hearing threshold of the left side of the loss group patients was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The age of patients in the loss group,the proportion of patients with concurrent chronic diseases,and the proportion of patients with junior high school education or below were all significantly different from those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The length of service and the proportion of patients with liver function loss in the loss group were significantly higher than those in the control group.The proportion of noise protection patients and those who frequently use noise protection equipment in the loss group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of the Logistic regression model showed that older age,comorbidities with chronic diseases,longer working experience,lack of noise protection,and occasional or never use of noise protection equipment were independent risk factors for hearing loss in noise exposed workers(P<0.05).CONCLUSION There are many factors that can affect the occurrence of hearing loss among workers exposed to noise.Targeted preventive interventions based on high-risk factors can reduce the risk of hearing loss in the population.

Objective:To investigate the changes in brain functional network and structural-functional network coupling in children with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), and to analyze their correlation with cognitive function, disease duration, and age of onset.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Clinical and imaging data of 19 children with DRE who received consultation and treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from August 2021 to August 2023 (DRE group) were prospectively included. Another 27 age-and sex-matched healthy children were collected as the healthy control group. All subjects had 3D-T 1WI, T 2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans and Wechsler Intelligence Scale assessments. Independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the global and local topological attributes, as well as the structural-functional coupling (SFC) values at the whole brain and modular levels in two groups. Correlations between abnormal resting state brain functional network indicators and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale score [verbal comprehension index (VCI), perceptual reasoning index (PRI), working memory index (WMI), processing speed index (PSI), full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ)], disease duration and age of onset was evaluated using a Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis. Results:Compared to the healthy control group, DRE group exhibited decreased VCI, PRI, WMI, PSI, FSIQ and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). Both brain functional networks had small world attributes. There was a statistically significant difference in the area under the curve of sparsity of degree centrality (DC) in the left pallidum between the DRE group and healthy control group (2.998±0.942, 4.992±1.945, t=-4.07, FDR corrected P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the DRE group had decreased SFC within the limbic network (LN) ( P<0.05), increased SFC within the sensorimotor (SMN) ( P<0.05), decreased SFC between the default mode network-LN ( P<0.05), and increased SFC between the SMN-attentional network (AN) ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in SFC at the whole brain level between the two groups. Correlation analysis indicated that DC in left pallidum in DRE group negatively correlated with the PSI ( r=-0.537, P=0.018), and SFC between the SMN and AN demonstrated a negative correlation with age of onset ( r=-0.537, P=0.018). Conclusion:The altered DC in left pallidum may be related to cognitive impairment in children with DRE, providing biomarker information for the study of neural mechanisms in children with DRE.

Objective To analyze the MRI imaging characteristics of brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)with different epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutation types and programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression,and to provide imaging diagnostic support for patients who can't undergo genetic and immunohistochemical testing.Methods A retrospec-tive selection was performed in 88 patients diagnosed with brain metastases of NSCLC,all patients were divided into EGFR mutation group and wild group according to the results of genetic testing,and patients with EGFR mutation group were divided into EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expression positive group and EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expression negative group according to whether the expression of PD-L1 was≥1％.The clinical data and MR image characteristics of brain metastases were compared in EGFR mutation group and wild group,as well as in EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expression positive group and EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expres-sion negative group.Results There were statistically significant differences in smoking history and intracranial symptoms between EGFR mutation group and wild group(P＜0.05).The edema diameter,edema index and enhancement ratio of EGFR mutation group and wild group were(0.67±1.10)cm,0.39±0.54,0.32±0.17 and(1.57±2.04)cm,1.05±1.21,0.53±0.27,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were 43 cases and 23 cases in EGFR mutation group and wild group with ≥2 metastases,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with＞60 years old,there were 15 patients(75％)of EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expres-sion positive in≤60 years old(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with EGFR wild patients,patients with EGFR mutation have more brain metastases(≥2),milder enhancement,less peritumoral edema,and fewer intracranial symptoms at initial diagnosis,and patients with EGFR mutation aged≤60 years are more likely to have PD-L1 expression positive.

The development of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)medical alliances plays a pivotal role in enhancing grassroots TCM service capabilities and meeting public demand for TCM healthcare.However,challenges persist in establishing these alliances,including insufficient Party leadership at primary TCM institutions and deficiencies in clinical services,talent de-velopment,and emergency care capacity.This study examines innovative Party building approaches in public hospitals within the new era context,analyzing practical cases of alliance development.Our findings demonstrate that integrating Party building into the governance structure of medical alliances not only strengthens Party leadership at primary TCM institutions but also significant-ly promotes TCM service development.Systematic analysis of case hospital practices reveals several key insights.Firstly,strengthening top-level design through Party committee leadership is crucial.Secondly,addressing the most pressing public healthcare concerns with genuine commitment forms the foundation.Thirdly,deep integration of Party building with core medical services represents the essential approach.Lastly,policy-responsive innovation based on consolidated achievements serves as the key driver.

Objective:To deeply explore the thematic needs and characteristics of learners regarding course elements based on the review texts of nursing massive open online courses (MOOC), providing a reference for achieving effective alignment between digital nursing education content and learner needs.Methods:Data were collected from the review texts of 112 nursing courses on the Chinese University MOOC platform using a web crawler script written with Python′s Requests library. The collection period spanned from the course launch dates to December 31, 2023. Sentiment analysis and high-frequency words analysis were conducted using Chinese text Nature language processing library, and core themes of learners′ positive and negative reviews were extracted using the latent dirichlet allocation.Results:A corpus of 18 184 nursing MOOC review texts was constructed, with positive sentiment reviews accounting for 89.30% (16 238/18 184) and negative sentiment reviews making up 10.70% (1 946/18 184). Word frequency analysis revealed that most nursing MOOC serve as carriers for blended online and offline teaching models, with students being the primary target audience, though social participants were also involved. The reviews effectively mirrored real-world clinical nursing scenarios. The need of learners was categorized into three major themes: content design and assessment, course resources and teaching strategies, and software applications and platform functionality.Conclusions:This study, leveraging text mining technology, thoroughly investigated the three thematic characteristics of nursing MOOC needs of online learners and proposed targeted optimization recommendations. Future research could incorporate other online teaching platforms and comprehensively construct a sentiment lexicon for nursing online course reviews using big data modeling and machine learning algorithms. These would enable a holistic analysis of the digital nursing education landscape, allowing for precise improvements to address existing shortcomings.

Objective:To investigate the changes in brain functional network and structural-functional network coupling in children with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), and to analyze their correlation with cognitive function, disease duration, and age of onset.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Clinical and imaging data of 19 children with DRE who received consultation and treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from August 2021 to August 2023 (DRE group) were prospectively included. Another 27 age-and sex-matched healthy children were collected as the healthy control group. All subjects had 3D-T 1WI, T 2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans and Wechsler Intelligence Scale assessments. Independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the global and local topological attributes, as well as the structural-functional coupling (SFC) values at the whole brain and modular levels in two groups. Correlations between abnormal resting state brain functional network indicators and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale score [verbal comprehension index (VCI), perceptual reasoning index (PRI), working memory index (WMI), processing speed index (PSI), full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ)], disease duration and age of onset was evaluated using a Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis. Results:Compared to the healthy control group, DRE group exhibited decreased VCI, PRI, WMI, PSI, FSIQ and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). Both brain functional networks had small world attributes. There was a statistically significant difference in the area under the curve of sparsity of degree centrality (DC) in the left pallidum between the DRE group and healthy control group (2.998±0.942, 4.992±1.945, t=-4.07, FDR corrected P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the DRE group had decreased SFC within the limbic network (LN) ( P<0.05), increased SFC within the sensorimotor (SMN) ( P<0.05), decreased SFC between the default mode network-LN ( P<0.05), and increased SFC between the SMN-attentional network (AN) ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in SFC at the whole brain level between the two groups. Correlation analysis indicated that DC in left pallidum in DRE group negatively correlated with the PSI ( r=-0.537, P=0.018), and SFC between the SMN and AN demonstrated a negative correlation with age of onset ( r=-0.537, P=0.018). Conclusion:The altered DC in left pallidum may be related to cognitive impairment in children with DRE, providing biomarker information for the study of neural mechanisms in children with DRE.

Objective To analyze the MRI imaging characteristics of brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)with different epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutation types and programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression,and to provide imaging diagnostic support for patients who can't undergo genetic and immunohistochemical testing.Methods A retrospec-tive selection was performed in 88 patients diagnosed with brain metastases of NSCLC,all patients were divided into EGFR mutation group and wild group according to the results of genetic testing,and patients with EGFR mutation group were divided into EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expression positive group and EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expression negative group according to whether the expression of PD-L1 was≥1％.The clinical data and MR image characteristics of brain metastases were compared in EGFR mutation group and wild group,as well as in EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expression positive group and EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expres-sion negative group.Results There were statistically significant differences in smoking history and intracranial symptoms between EGFR mutation group and wild group(P＜0.05).The edema diameter,edema index and enhancement ratio of EGFR mutation group and wild group were(0.67±1.10)cm,0.39±0.54,0.32±0.17 and(1.57±2.04)cm,1.05±1.21,0.53±0.27,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were 43 cases and 23 cases in EGFR mutation group and wild group with ≥2 metastases,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with＞60 years old,there were 15 patients(75％)of EGFR mutation with PD-L1 expres-sion positive in≤60 years old(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with EGFR wild patients,patients with EGFR mutation have more brain metastases(≥2),milder enhancement,less peritumoral edema,and fewer intracranial symptoms at initial diagnosis,and patients with EGFR mutation aged≤60 years are more likely to have PD-L1 expression positive.

Objective:To deeply explore the thematic needs and characteristics of learners regarding course elements based on the review texts of nursing massive open online courses (MOOC), providing a reference for achieving effective alignment between digital nursing education content and learner needs.Methods:Data were collected from the review texts of 112 nursing courses on the Chinese University MOOC platform using a web crawler script written with Python′s Requests library. The collection period spanned from the course launch dates to December 31, 2023. Sentiment analysis and high-frequency words analysis were conducted using Chinese text Nature language processing library, and core themes of learners′ positive and negative reviews were extracted using the latent dirichlet allocation.Results:A corpus of 18 184 nursing MOOC review texts was constructed, with positive sentiment reviews accounting for 89.30% (16 238/18 184) and negative sentiment reviews making up 10.70% (1 946/18 184). Word frequency analysis revealed that most nursing MOOC serve as carriers for blended online and offline teaching models, with students being the primary target audience, though social participants were also involved. The reviews effectively mirrored real-world clinical nursing scenarios. The need of learners was categorized into three major themes: content design and assessment, course resources and teaching strategies, and software applications and platform functionality.Conclusions:This study, leveraging text mining technology, thoroughly investigated the three thematic characteristics of nursing MOOC needs of online learners and proposed targeted optimization recommendations. Future research could incorporate other online teaching platforms and comprehensively construct a sentiment lexicon for nursing online course reviews using big data modeling and machine learning algorithms. These would enable a holistic analysis of the digital nursing education landscape, allowing for precise improvements to address existing shortcomings.

The development of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)medical alliances plays a pivotal role in enhancing grassroots TCM service capabilities and meeting public demand for TCM healthcare.However,challenges persist in establishing these alliances,including insufficient Party leadership at primary TCM institutions and deficiencies in clinical services,talent de-velopment,and emergency care capacity.This study examines innovative Party building approaches in public hospitals within the new era context,analyzing practical cases of alliance development.Our findings demonstrate that integrating Party building into the governance structure of medical alliances not only strengthens Party leadership at primary TCM institutions but also significant-ly promotes TCM service development.Systematic analysis of case hospital practices reveals several key insights.Firstly,strengthening top-level design through Party committee leadership is crucial.Secondly,addressing the most pressing public healthcare concerns with genuine commitment forms the foundation.Thirdly,deep integration of Party building with core medical services represents the essential approach.Lastly,policy-responsive innovation based on consolidated achievements serves as the key driver.

Humans ; Acupuncture Points ; Deglutition Disorders ; Electroacupuncture