To explore the protective effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide(ASP)on leptospiro-sis induced by pathogenic Leptospira infection,the golden hamster model of leptospirosis was se-lected for the experiment.The Leptospira and Leptospira+ASP groups were intraperitoneally injected with Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai strain 56601(1 × 10 6 per hamster).After infec-tion,the Leptospira+ASP group was injected intraperitoneally with ASP(50 mg/kg)for three consecutive days,while the Leptospira group was injected intraperitoneally with normal saline for three days.The experiment employed methods such as daily observation of the clinical symptoms of golden hamsters,statistics of the survival status of each group of golden hamsters,pathological damage of liver,kidney,and lung,bacterial load in organs,and the expression of inflammatory cy-tokines(IL-1β and TNF-α).The results indicated that ASP could effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms of the infected hamsters,enhance the survival rate,ameliorate the pathological damage of the body,reduce the bacterial load in various organs,and mitigate tissue inflammation.This study demonstrated for the first time that ASP has a protective effect on leptospirosis,providing medication guidance for the clinical treatment of leptospirosis.

To explore the protective effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide(ASP)on leptospiro-sis induced by pathogenic Leptospira infection,the golden hamster model of leptospirosis was se-lected for the experiment.The Leptospira and Leptospira+ASP groups were intraperitoneally injected with Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai strain 56601(1 × 10 6 per hamster).After infec-tion,the Leptospira+ASP group was injected intraperitoneally with ASP(50 mg/kg)for three consecutive days,while the Leptospira group was injected intraperitoneally with normal saline for three days.The experiment employed methods such as daily observation of the clinical symptoms of golden hamsters,statistics of the survival status of each group of golden hamsters,pathological damage of liver,kidney,and lung,bacterial load in organs,and the expression of inflammatory cy-tokines(IL-1β and TNF-α).The results indicated that ASP could effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms of the infected hamsters,enhance the survival rate,ameliorate the pathological damage of the body,reduce the bacterial load in various organs,and mitigate tissue inflammation.This study demonstrated for the first time that ASP has a protective effect on leptospirosis,providing medication guidance for the clinical treatment of leptospirosis.

BACKGROUND:Although the clinical application of Masquelet technology has achieved extensive success,the research on optimizing all aspects of Masquelet technology is still being carried out.The focus of doctors is to speed up bone healing and shorten bone healing time after bone grafting. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of calcium phosphate combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in repairing tibial infectious bone defects. METHODS:Thirty-one patients with tibial infectious bone defects were selected from The People's Hospital of Jianyang City from June 2017 to June 2022.They were treated with the Masquelet membrane induction technique.During the second stage of operation,they were divided into a control group(n=15)and a study group(n=16)according to different bone graft materials.Patients in the control group were implanted with autologous bone/allogeneic bone particles,and those in the study group were implanted with calcium phosphate combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/autologous bone particles.Six months after the second stage operation,peripheral blood inflammatory indexes such as white blood cell count,C-reactive protein,and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were detected.Imaging bone healing time,bone healing X-ray score,bone defect healing classification,and adjacent joint function were recorded.The presence of nail track infection,implant absorption,pain,and infection in the bone extraction area were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)White blood cell count,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,and C-reactive protein levels of the two groups 6 months after the second stage operation were significantly lower than those before the first stage operation(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in each index between the two groups(P>0.05).(2)Bone healing time in the study group was shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05).(3)The Samantha X-ray score of the study group 6 months after the second stage operation was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The excellent and good rate of bone defect healing and adjacent joint function of the study group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate and complication rate between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)These findings indicate that the effect of calcium phosphate combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 during the second stage operation of the Masquelet membrane induction technique in the treatment of tibial infectious bone defect is good and safe.

Objective:To explore the trajectory of breast reconstruction in patients with breast cancer at different stages of treatment and to provide reference for medical staff to intervene in breast reconstruction and improve breast reconstruction rate.Methods:During February 2017-October 2017, 192 female patients with breast cancer (aged 20-64 years, mean 49.7 years) were selected by self-designed breast reconstruction demand questionnaire. They were checked up in the diagnosis period, after chemotherapy without chemotherapy, after chemotherapy, and after the completion of chemotherapy.Results:The demand rates for breast reconstruction during the diagnosis period, the period without chemotherapy after mastectomy, the middle period of chemotherapy and after chemotherapy were 10.4%, 13.4%, 16.7% and 17.7% respectively. The main reasons why patients were unwilling to choose breast reconstruction were that patients were worried that breast reconstruction would affect the integrity of cancer resection and worried about cancer recurrence and metastasis. Patients who were unwilling to breast reconstruction planned to choose breast prosthesis, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Menopause was the influencing factor of breast reconstruction demand. Conclusions:After chemotherapy, patients have the highest demand rate for breast reconstruction, and more patients are willing to choose the breast reconstruction method of prosthesis implantation. This period is the best period for medical staff to recommend breast reconstruction treatment.

Background: Pancreatic encephalopathy (PE) is one of the severe systemic complications of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). In recent years, the incidence of PE was on the rise. There are few tools for early prediction of SAP complicated with PE. Aims: To screen the early independent risk factors of PE from clinical testing indices and scoring system of SAP patients, and then construct an early predictive scoring model of PE and used for intervening in advance. Methods: The clinical data of 130 patients with SAP from Jan. 2016 to Sept. 2020 at Shaanxi Hanzhong 3201 Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Early independent risk factors of PE was screened by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. The predictive scoring model was constructed by the weighted least square method. Results: Univariate analysis showed that history of alcohol abuse, lactic acid, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), CT severity index (CTSI), extrapancreatic inflammation on CT (EPIC) and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score were correlated to PE (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that history of alcohol abuse (OR=2.843, 95% CI: 1.759-4.595, P=0.011), IAP (OR=1.077, 95% CI: 1.020-1.138, P=0.007), and EPIC score (OR=1.768, 95% CI: 1.181-2.649, P=0.006) were independent risk factors for PE in the early stage. According to the early predictive scoring model constructed, risk of PE was divided into low risk (0-3), medium risk (4-6) and high risk (>6), and differences in the incidence of PE in SAP patients among the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: The predictive scoring model constructed has the value for early prediction and evaluation of SAP complicated with PE, and risk stratification is helpful for taking intervention measures in advance to reduce the incidence of PE.

Objective To study the CT and MRI findings and corresponding pathological basis of non-epithelial ovarian cancer (NEOC).Methods The CT,MRI and clinical data of 74 patients with NEOC proved by surgical pathology were reviewed retrospectively.CT plain scan was performed in 57 cases,and CT enhancement scan was performed in 52 cases;MRI plain scan was performed in 17 cases,and MRI enhancement scan was performed in 11 cases;CT and MRI scans were performed together in 3 cases.Results Among the 74 patients,there were 23 mature teratomas (25 lesions),2 immature teratomas,8 strumas,10 yolk sac tumors,6 dysgerminomas,7 granulosa cell tumors,11 thecomas,5 fibromas and 2 sertoli-leydig cell tumors.97.3% (72/74)of the lesions were unilateral.There were 88.0% (22/25)and 92.0% (23/25)detection rate of calcification and fat in teratomas,respectively.On contrast enhancement,the immature teratoma showed significant enhancement,whereas the mature teratoma showed mild enhancement.On plain CT,strumas presented as multilocular cystic-solid masses,with calcification in 5 cases.After contrast agent administration,the solid portions showed marked enhancement.Tortuous vessels were seen in 7 yolk sac tumors.The linear hypointensity in dysgerminoma on T2WI showed marked enhancement.The granulosa cell tumors were cystic-solid masses,and 4 cases with increased estradiol.Solid mass with mild enhancement were present in thecomas and fibromas,and there were 8 cases with ascites.CT findings of 2 sertoli-leydig cell tumors were cystic-solid masses with significant enhancement of the cystic wall on contrast CT.Conclusion NEOC have some certain CT and MRI characteristics.Teratomas often contain calcification and fat.Strumas:multilocular cystic-solid masses.Yolk sac tumor:tortuous vessels.Dysgerminoma:marked linear enhancement.

Objective:To explore the effect of grief counseling for relieving donor family′s grief. Methods:From September 2012 to February 2015, 180 families of potential organ donors, who met the class III standard of China, were invited to participate in this study. The grief score was evaluated using questionnaire before and after grief counseling. Results:All of 180 potential organ donor′s families had different level of sadness. The grief was significantly reduced after grief counseling and the score was significantly lower than before ( P<0 . 05 ) . Sixty-five cases agreed to donate organ and 60 cases succeed. Conclusion:Grief counseling for potential organ donor′s families could relieve their grief effectively. This method is beneficial for communication of organ donation and pro-moting donation career of China.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of varying the number of diffusion gradient directions (NDGDs) on diffusion tensor fiber tracking (FT) in human brain white matter using tract characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve normal volunteers underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scanning with NDGDs of 6, 11, 15, 21, and 31 orientations. Three fiber tract groups, including the splenium of the corpus callosum (CC), the entire CC, and the full brain tract, were reconstructed by deterministic DTI-FT. Tract architecture was first qualitatively evaluated by visual observation. Six quantitative tract characteristics, including the number of fibers (NF), average length (AL), fractional anisotropy (FA), relative anisotropy (RA), mean diffusivity (MD), and volume ratio (VR) were measured for the splenium of the CC at the tract branch level, for the entire CC at tract level, and for the full brain tract at the whole brain level. Visual results and those of NF, AL, FA, RA, MD, and VR were compared among the five different NDGDs. RESULTS: The DTI-FT with NDGD of 11, 15, 21, and 31 orientations gave better tracking results compared with NDGD of 6 after the visual evaluation. NF, FA, RA, MD, and VR values with NDGD of six were significantly greater (smallest p = 0.001 to largest p = 0.042) than those with four other NDGDs (11, 15, 21, or 31 orientations), whereas AL measured with NDGD of six was significantly smaller (smallest p = 0.001 to largest p = 0.041) than with four other NDGDs (11, 15, 21, or 31 orientations). No significant differences were observed in the results among the four NDGD groups of 11, 15, 21, and 31 directions (smallest p = 0.059 to largest p = 1.000). CONCLUSION: The main fiber tracts were detected with NDGD of six orientations; however, the use of larger NDGD (> or = 11 orientations) could provide improved tract characteristics at the expense of longer scanning time.
Adult ; Anisotropy ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; White Matter/*radiography ; Young Adult

Objective To improve the diagnosis rate and decrease misdiagnosis through analyzing the clinical and experimental features of neuroblastoma (NB) in children.Methods The clinical and experimental features associated with the misdiagnosis factors of 22 NB cases were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 22 cases,leg pain in 15 cases (68.18 ％),fever in 19 cases (86.36 ％),anemia in 20 cases (90.90 ％),abdominal pain and bloating in 15 cases (68.18 ％),exophthalmoses and bruises eyes in 4 cases (18.18 ％) and easily perspire in 20 cases (90.90 ％).Abdomen was the most common primary site founding in 16 cases (accounting for 72.72 ％),followed by mediastinum founding in 4 cases (accounting for 18.18 ％),other sites were 2 cases (9.09 ％).Laboratory results showed that anemia was the most common cause in 20 cases (90.90 ％),oligoleukocythemia in 2 cases (9.09 ％) and less in thrombocytopenia about 3 cases (13.63 ％).Elevated values were recorded in 77.77 ％ of patients for vanillylmandelic acid (VMA),86.36 ％ for ferritin (Fer),90.90 ％ for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),and in 100.00 ％ for neuron specific enolase (NSE).20 cases were found metastasis when diagnosed,which accounted for 90.90 ％.16 cases (72.72 ％) were found tumour cells which determined in bone marrow and 20 cases (90.90 ％) were positive for CD56-FITC/CD81-PE/CD45-Percp by flow cytometry (FCM).12 (54.54 ％) of 22 NB cases were misdiagnosed for rheumatoid diseases (4 cases),dyspepsia (4 cases),leukemia (3 cases) and thrambocytopenia (1 case).In 22 cases,20 cases (90.90 ％) were positive for CT scan.16 cases (72.72 ％) were positive for abdominal B ultrasonography,and 14 cases (63.63 ％) were positive for radionuclide bone scan.Conclusion Bultrasonography and CT scan will contribute to find the primary focus of NB at early stage.VMA,bone marrow smear,biopsy and FCM detection could reduce misdiagnose rate.

Objective To explore the structure of violent attitude and the predictive character of the passionate criminal and recidivist. Methods This study used FMMU-Abnormal Personality Risk Factors Inventory (FMMU-APRI) for measuring explicit violent attitude of the passionate criminal and recidivist in prison; while used the picture Attitude Activation paradigm (AAP) for assessing implicit violent attitude. Results The AAP results showed that parts of passionate criminal and recidivist had reversed priming effect, according to whether reversed, there were divided into four types: no-reversal passionate criminals, reversal passionate criminals, no-reversal recidivists and reversal recidivists, VIO scores of no-reversal passionate criminals and recidivists recidivist were significantly higher than the norm, as reversal passionate criminals and recidivists had no significance; in noreversal passionate criminals, compatible response rate was 1.104, incompatible response rate was 1.053; in reversal passionate criminals, compatible response rate was 1.042, incompatible response rate was 0.997; in no-reversal recidivists, compatible response rate was 1.059, incompatible response rate was 1.097; in reversal recidivists , compatible response rate was 1.039, incompatible response rate was 0.998, as each group had strong priming effect, and each group had a dissociation of implicit and explicit violent attitude. Conclusion The results suggest that offenders who have committed a crime in the same category also had a different violent attitude; and integrating indirect methods with direct methods would predict a crime more accurately.