To develop a guideline terminology system and promote its standardization, thereby enhancing medical staff's accurate understanding and correct application of guidelines.

A systematic search was conducted for guideline development manuals and method ological literature (as of October 25, 2024). After screening, relevant terms from the guideline planning and launching stages were extracted and standardized. The term list and definitions were finalized through discussion and evaluation at a consensus conference.

A total of 36 guideline manuals and 14 method ological articles were included, and 27 core terms were identified.

The standardization of guideline terminology is essential for improving guideline quality, facilitating interdisciplinary communication, and enhancing other related aspects. It is recommended that efforts to advance the standardization and continuous updating of the terminology system should be prioritized in the future to support the high-quality development of guidelines.

The aim of this updated guideline is to provide comprehensive recommendations for the management of gout in patients with common comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease(CKD), cardiovascular disease(CVD), diabetes, osteoarthritis(OA), and gastrointestinal disorders. This guideline was developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel consisting of specialists in endocrinology, rheumatology, nephrology, cardiology, gastroenterology, and methodology. The development process adhered to standard methodologies, including PICO(population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes) question deconstruction, systematic literature review, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation(GRADE) for evidence and recommendation evaluation, Delphi voting, and expert consensus. The guideline presents 26 evidence-based recommendations addressing 7 clinical questions for patients with hyperuricemia and gout in the context of comorbidities. Key recommendations include the maintenance of strict serum urate targets, particularly for patients with CKD stage≥3, chronic gouty arthritis, and OA, in order to prevent disease progression. In patients with CVD or diabetes, intra-articular triamcinolone is preferred over systemic glucocorticoids. Prioritized anti-inflammatory treatments for patients with CKD, gastrointestinal diseases and OA are recommended. The guideline also introduces emerging therapies, such as interleukin-1 inhibitors and selective urate transport inhibitors, as potential treatment options for refractory cases. The update offers a comprehensive, patient-centered approach to managing gout, particularly in individuals with associated comorbidities. Multidisciplinary collaboration and emerging new treatments and evidence ensure the optimization of the recommendations.

The aim of this updated guideline is to provide comprehensive recommendations for the management of gout in patients with common comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease(CKD), cardiovascular disease(CVD), diabetes, osteoarthritis(OA), and gastrointestinal disorders. This guideline was developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel consisting of specialists in endocrinology, rheumatology, nephrology, cardiology, gastroenterology, and methodology. The development process adhered to standard methodologies, including PICO(population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes) question deconstruction, systematic literature review, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation(GRADE) for evidence and recommendation evaluation, Delphi voting, and expert consensus. The guideline presents 26 evidence-based recommendations addressing 7 clinical questions for patients with hyperuricemia and gout in the context of comorbidities. Key recommendations include the maintenance of strict serum urate targets, particularly for patients with CKD stage≥3, chronic gouty arthritis, and OA, in order to prevent disease progression. In patients with CVD or diabetes, intra-articular triamcinolone is preferred over systemic glucocorticoids. Prioritized anti-inflammatory treatments for patients with CKD, gastrointestinal diseases and OA are recommended. The guideline also introduces emerging therapies, such as interleukin-1 inhibitors and selective urate transport inhibitors, as potential treatment options for refractory cases. The update offers a comprehensive, patient-centered approach to managing gout, particularly in individuals with associated comorbidities. Multidisciplinary collaboration and emerging new treatments and evidence ensure the optimization of the recommendations.

With the development of the Scientific, Transparent and Applicable Rankings tool for clinical practice guidelines(STAR), the publication of evaluation and ranking for scientificity, transparency and applicability of Chinese guidelines and consensus published in the medical journals in 2021and 2022, as well as the publication of the STAR evaluation and ranking for some specialities, the STAR evaluation and ranking has received widespread attention in the medical community. In order to further enhance its scientificity and transparency, Methodology and Technology Specialization Committee of the STAR Working Group presents this article to introduce sample identification and speciality assignment in the evaluation and ranking process.

National health standards involve all kinds of technical requirements formulated and numbered in accordance with the procedures and formats stipulated in the standardisation system for the implementation of national health and hygiene laws, regulations and policies, and the protection of human health. The establishment of health standards in China should align with our legal framework, including laws, regulations, departmental rules, and health and hygiene policies. During the development of these standards, a comprehensive approach is advocated, encompassing in-depth investigations, rigorous demonstrations, and extensive stakeholder engagement. However, the process of standard formulation may suffer from insufficient research evidence. The evidence-based concept emphasizes the significance of evidence. Therefore, integrating evidence-based concept into the process of developing health standards can enhance the quality and scientific basis of these standards. This article systematically elucidates the current status and development process of health standards in China, explores the necessity and feasibility of incorporating evidence-based concept into the development of these standards, analyzes the challenges and opportunities, and presents reflections and suggestions.

Ferroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death, involves multi-molecular and multi-signaling pathways, and the core processes is iron overload and lipid peroxidation. It affects cancer, neurological disease, cardiovascular disease, digestive system disease, and many other diseases. While, ischemia-reperfusion injury is an extremely complex pathological process, including ischemia-reperfusion injury of the heart, brain, liver and kidney, etc., which often occurs in shock, organ surgery and organ transplantation, seriously affecting human health, and there is no effective radical treatment. However, ferroptosis is closely related to ischemia-reperfusion injury so that it is possible to find the prevention and treatment measures of ischemia-reperfusion injury by exploring the internal relationship between them. Therefore, the author tries to summarize the signaling pathways of ferroptosis, and explores the relationship between ferroptosis and ischemia-reperfusion injury of heart, brain, liver and kidney by moderating the ferroptosis targets properly to find the effective ways to treat cancer, improve inflammation and relieve other diseases.

Objective:To evaluate the reporting quality of diagnostic radiological imaging case reports published in Chinese science citation database (CSCD) imaging journals.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. We searched CSCD to include imaging journals from 2021 to 2022, from which we retrieved diagnostic radiological imaging case reports published in 2020, and evaluated their reporting quality using case reports (CARE) reporting criteria.Results:A total of five imaging CSCD journals were searched, with 161 final diagnostic imaging case reports included. The median and interquartile range reporting rate of the included studies was 33.5% (7.5%, 93.3%), and patient perspective and informed consent were not reported in all studies. Items with reporting rates below 10% included 3a (abstract-introduction), 3c (abstract-diagnoses, therapeutic interventions, and outcomes), 8b (diagnostic challenges), and 8d (prognosis where applicable), with reporting rates of 2.5% (4/161), 0.6% (1/161), 0.6% (1/161), and 4.3% (7/161), respectively. Reporting rates for items between 10% and 50% included 3b (abstract-main symptoms and/or important clinical findings), 4 (introduction), 5c (medical, family, and psycho-social history), 7 (timeline), 10 (follow-up and outcomes), and 11a (a scientific discussion of the strengths and limitations), with reporting rates of 16.8% (27/161), 30.4% (49/161), 34.2% (55/161), 24.8% (40/161), 32.9% (53/161), and 31.7% (51/161), respectively; The reporting rates for item 1 (title), item 2 (keywords), item 5a (identified patient specific information), item 5b (primary concerns and symptoms of the patient), item 8a (diagnostic testing), and item 11c (the scientific rationale for any conclusions) were all over 90%. Moreover, the number of authors as well as the number of disciplines were not associated with the quality of diagnostic imaging case reports.Conclusions:The overall adherence to CARE items in radiographic diagnostic case reports published in the CSCD imaging journals is low. Editors of the imaging journals, radiologists and the researchers of the reporting standard should emphasize the guidelines for drafting case reports and improve the quality of reporting of case reports.

On January 22, 2020, China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB) released the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource (2019nCoVR), an open-access information resource for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). 2019nCoVR features a comprehensive integra-tion of sequence and clinical information for all publicly available SARS-CoV-2 isolates, which are manually curated with value-added annotations and quality evaluated by an automated in-house pipeline. Of particular note, 2019nCoVR offers systematic analyses to generate a dynamic landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genomic variations at a global scale. It provides all identified variants and their detailed statistics for each virus isolate, and congregates the quality score, functional annotation,and population frequency for each variant. Spatiotemporal change for each variant can be visualized and historical viral haplotype network maps for the course of the outbreak are also generated based on all complete and high-quality genomes available. Moreover, 2019nCoVR provides a full collection of SARS-CoV-2 relevant literature on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including published papers from PubMed as well as preprints from services such as bioRxiv and medRxiv through Europe PMC. Furthermore, by linking with relevant databases in CNCB, 2019nCoVR offers data submission services for raw sequence reads and assembled genomes, and data sharing with NCBI. Collectively, SARS-CoV-2 is updated daily to collect the latest information on genome sequences, variants, hap-lotypes, and literature for a timely reflection, making 2019nCoVR a valuable resource for the global research community. 2019nCoVR is accessible at https://bigd.big.ac.cn/ncov/.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of very high risk patients with primary immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis (pAL) at a single center in China. Method: Clinical data, treatment and outcome of 205 pAL patients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2009 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. A 'very high risk’ group includes patients with Mayo 2004 stage Ⅲb and Mayo 2012 stage 4. Results: Of 205 patients, 34 (16.6%) were defined as very high risk pAL patients. The median age at diagnosis was 57 (20-84) years, and 22 patients (64.7%) were male. All 34 patients were diagnosed with cardiac involvement, multi-organ involvement was observed in 15 patients (44.1%) , and 27 (81.8%) had New York Heart Association Class Ⅲ or Ⅳ. Median values of serum cTnI, NT-proBNP, and free light chains difference were 0.25 μg/L, 11 733 ng/L, and 403 mg/L, respectively. Eight (24.2%) had more than 10% plasma cell on the bone marrow aspirate. Sixteen (47.1%) patients received bortezomib based chemotherapy and overall hematologic response rate was 58.3%. Median overall survival (OS) was 4 months. The estimated OS at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months was 51.3%, 44.0%, 35.2%, and 29.6%, respectively. Fourteen (41.2%) patients died within 3 months after the diagnosis. The estimated 1-year survival rate for the patients who got hematologic response, without hematologic response, and palliative treatment was 90.9%, 11.1%, and 0, respectively (P<0.001) . Conclusion Patients with very high risk pAL had very poor prognosis and the early death rate remained high. Those patients who obtained hematologic remission would have significantly better outcomes.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the usage of Mayo staging system in Chinese patients with primary light chain (LC) amyloidosis.

METHODClinical data, treatment and outcome of 162 primary LC amyloidosis patients with Mayo Clinic staging in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2009 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThe median age of 162 patients with Mayo Clinic 2004 stage was 57 (20-81) y, of them 62.3% were male. The number of patients with stage I to III were 44 (27.2%), 69 (42.6%), and 49 (30.2%), respectively. The median overall survival was not reached, 23 months and 12 months in patients with Mayo Clinic 2004 stage I, II, and III, respectively (P<0.001). Among 128 patients with Mayo Clinic 2012 stage, 48 patients (37.5%), 32 patients (25.0%), 32 patients (25.0%) and 16 patients (12.5%) were staged as Mayo Clinic 2012 stage 1 to 4, and the median OS was not reached, not reached, 13 months and 3 months, respectively (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONMayo Clinic staging systems had important prognostic value in patients with primary LC amyloidosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amyloidosis ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult