Human infection with Orf virus is a rare zoonotic disease in clinical practice,mainly caused by human contact with infected sheep or its pollutants.It is commonly seen in shepherds and slaughterhouse workers.The le-sion mainly involves the skin.Since it is rare in clinic and difficult to diagnose and treat,it is easy to be misdiag-nosed and underdiagnosed.This paper reports a case of human infection with Orf virus,with locally dense skin le-sions.The clinical diagnosis and treatment processes of this case are analyzed,and relevant literatures are reviewed retrospectively,so as to improve clinical understanding on this disease.

Objective To develop and evaluate dietary and exercise intervention program for over-weight/obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods Seventy patients with over-weight/obese PCOS were prospectively selected as research subjects and divided into intervention group(n=35)and control group(n=35)according to random number table method.According to the completion of the intervention plan,29 cases were finally included in the intervention group and 28 cases in the control group.The control group was given conventional nursing intervention,while the intervention group was applied with the diet and exercise intervention program for overweight/obese patients with PCOS.Both groups were intervened for 3 months.The physical indicators,PCOS sign scores,natural pregnancy rate,degree of self-body image distress(Multidimensional Self-body Im-age Relationship Questionnaire-Appearance Subscale)and self-efficacy level(Self-efficacy Scale)before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups.The occurrence of adverse reactions during the intervention period between the two groups were compared.Results After 1 month and 3 months of intervention,the body mass index(BMI)and PC OS sign score of the pa-tients in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The natural conception rate of the intervention group was 34.48％(10/29),which was significantly higher than 10.71％(3/28)of the control group(P＜0.05).After 1 month and 3 months of inter-vention,the scores of the self-body image relationship-appearance subscale of the patients in the inter-vention group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.001).After 3 months of intervention,the score of the Self-efficacy Scale of patients in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.001).During the intervention period,no adverse reac-tions caused by diet and exercise intervention occurred in either group.Conclusion Implementing a diet and exercise intervention program for overweight/obese patients with PCOS is beneficial for re-ducing patients' BMI,increasing the natural pregnancy rate,improving self-body image disorders,and enhancing self-efficacy.

Objective To explore the optimisation path of medical resource allocation efficiency improvement in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) hospitals under the synergistic effect of multiple factors,so as to provide powerful support for the balanced development of medical resources in TCM hospitals.Methods The comprehensive efficiency of resource allocation in TCM hospitals in 31 provinces (cities and districts) of China obtained by Data Envelopment Analysis was taken as the outcome variable,and with the help of Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis,it examined the configurations of efficient medical resource allocation,considering the following conditional variables:per capital Regional GDP,the proportion of fiscal allocation revenue to total income,the ratio of TCM practicing (assistant) physicians to all practicing (assistant) physicians,the average length of hospital stay for discharged patients,the number of total diagnosis and treatments per thousand population,and the number of hospital beds per thousand population.Results By analyzing the conditional patterns of efficient allocation of medical resources in TCM hospitals,three equivalent driving paths can be summarized,which are comprehensive service capacity,TCM advantage and hospitalization driving paths.Conclusion The overall level of medical resource allocation efficiency of TCM hospitals in China needs to be improved.In the future,efforts should be made to improve the comprehensive service capacity and operational efficiency of hospitals,give full play to the advantages of TCM,build a high-quality TCM talent team,reasonably shorten the average hospital stay,and improve the utilization efficiency of hospital beds.

Human infection with Orf virus is a rare zoonotic disease in clinical practice,mainly caused by human contact with infected sheep or its pollutants.It is commonly seen in shepherds and slaughterhouse workers.The le-sion mainly involves the skin.Since it is rare in clinic and difficult to diagnose and treat,it is easy to be misdiag-nosed and underdiagnosed.This paper reports a case of human infection with Orf virus,with locally dense skin le-sions.The clinical diagnosis and treatment processes of this case are analyzed,and relevant literatures are reviewed retrospectively,so as to improve clinical understanding on this disease.

Objective To explore the optimisation path of medical resource allocation efficiency improvement in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) hospitals under the synergistic effect of multiple factors,so as to provide powerful support for the balanced development of medical resources in TCM hospitals.Methods The comprehensive efficiency of resource allocation in TCM hospitals in 31 provinces (cities and districts) of China obtained by Data Envelopment Analysis was taken as the outcome variable,and with the help of Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis,it examined the configurations of efficient medical resource allocation,considering the following conditional variables:per capital Regional GDP,the proportion of fiscal allocation revenue to total income,the ratio of TCM practicing (assistant) physicians to all practicing (assistant) physicians,the average length of hospital stay for discharged patients,the number of total diagnosis and treatments per thousand population,and the number of hospital beds per thousand population.Results By analyzing the conditional patterns of efficient allocation of medical resources in TCM hospitals,three equivalent driving paths can be summarized,which are comprehensive service capacity,TCM advantage and hospitalization driving paths.Conclusion The overall level of medical resource allocation efficiency of TCM hospitals in China needs to be improved.In the future,efforts should be made to improve the comprehensive service capacity and operational efficiency of hospitals,give full play to the advantages of TCM,build a high-quality TCM talent team,reasonably shorten the average hospital stay,and improve the utilization efficiency of hospital beds.

Background/Aims: This study aimed to assess the impact of INTERCEPT Foam Spray (IFS) application on delayed endoscope reprocessing through microbiological surveillance culture (MSC). Methods: A quasi-experimental, matched-comparison pilot study was conducted using gastrointestinal endoscopy. IFS was applied to the endoscopes after precleaning and before reprocessing the next day. An equal number of endoscopes, matched by endoscope type, were subjected to routine reprocessing. The MSC were subjected to high-level disinfection to detect any contamination. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact test (categorical data) and Student t-test (continuous data). Results: In total, 150 MSCs were collected from 42 endoscopes. Positive MSCs were observed in 4.0% (4/75) of the sprayed group and 1.3% (1/75) of the control group (95% confidence interval, 30.34–0.31; p>0.05), all of which were contributed by colonoscopes. Colonoscope were more prone to positive MSC (mean difference in percentage, p<0.05). Mean spraying hours were not associated with detected growth (11.7% vs. 13.6%; 95% confidence interval, 1.43 to –5.27; p>0.05), with environmental and skin flora being the primary contaminants. Conclusions IFS may be applied when delayed endoscope processing is necessary, but with caution when applied to colonoscopes. However, further research is warranted to verify the result.

Background/Aims: This study aimed to assess the impact of INTERCEPT Foam Spray (IFS) application on delayed endoscope reprocessing through microbiological surveillance culture (MSC). Methods: A quasi-experimental, matched-comparison pilot study was conducted using gastrointestinal endoscopy. IFS was applied to the endoscopes after precleaning and before reprocessing the next day. An equal number of endoscopes, matched by endoscope type, were subjected to routine reprocessing. The MSC were subjected to high-level disinfection to detect any contamination. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact test (categorical data) and Student t-test (continuous data). Results: In total, 150 MSCs were collected from 42 endoscopes. Positive MSCs were observed in 4.0% (4/75) of the sprayed group and 1.3% (1/75) of the control group (95% confidence interval, 30.34–0.31; p>0.05), all of which were contributed by colonoscopes. Colonoscope were more prone to positive MSC (mean difference in percentage, p<0.05). Mean spraying hours were not associated with detected growth (11.7% vs. 13.6%; 95% confidence interval, 1.43 to –5.27; p>0.05), with environmental and skin flora being the primary contaminants. Conclusions IFS may be applied when delayed endoscope processing is necessary, but with caution when applied to colonoscopes. However, further research is warranted to verify the result.

Objective:To analyze the total expendition,developmental changes and flow of the total cost of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in China from 2016 to 2021,and to study the development of the total cost of TCM in different medical institutions.Methods:Institutional flow method and case-base aggregation method were used to account for the total TCM costs.Results:From 2016 to 2021,the total amount of total TCM costs flowed to TCM-type hospitals was the highest in China,the proportion of total TCM costs in primary healthcare organizations was increased,and TCM-type clinics and outpatient clinics were developed more rapidly.The share of Chinese medicine drug costs in total Chinese medicine costs has been declined,and the share of county hospitals in their total health costs has been risen overall Conclusion:In the future,it would increase the TCM investment,attach importance to the development of TCM services in non-Chinese medicine hospitals,improve the capacity of primary Chinese medicine services,continue to consolidate the policy of"strengthening the primary",and maintain the rapid development of Chinese medicine clinics and outpatient clinics;the value of Chinese medicine technical labor should be emphasized,and the driving force of county hospitals should be brought into full play.

Objective:To analyze the total expendition,developmental changes and flow of the total cost of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in China from 2016 to 2021,and to study the development of the total cost of TCM in different medical institutions.Methods:Institutional flow method and case-base aggregation method were used to account for the total TCM costs.Results:From 2016 to 2021,the total amount of total TCM costs flowed to TCM-type hospitals was the highest in China,the proportion of total TCM costs in primary healthcare organizations was increased,and TCM-type clinics and outpatient clinics were developed more rapidly.The share of Chinese medicine drug costs in total Chinese medicine costs has been declined,and the share of county hospitals in their total health costs has been risen overall Conclusion:In the future,it would increase the TCM investment,attach importance to the development of TCM services in non-Chinese medicine hospitals,improve the capacity of primary Chinese medicine services,continue to consolidate the policy of"strengthening the primary",and maintain the rapid development of Chinese medicine clinics and outpatient clinics;the value of Chinese medicine technical labor should be emphasized,and the driving force of county hospitals should be brought into full play.

Objective:To analyze the total expendition,developmental changes and flow of the total cost of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in China from 2016 to 2021,and to study the development of the total cost of TCM in different medical institutions.Methods:Institutional flow method and case-base aggregation method were used to account for the total TCM costs.Results:From 2016 to 2021,the total amount of total TCM costs flowed to TCM-type hospitals was the highest in China,the proportion of total TCM costs in primary healthcare organizations was increased,and TCM-type clinics and outpatient clinics were developed more rapidly.The share of Chinese medicine drug costs in total Chinese medicine costs has been declined,and the share of county hospitals in their total health costs has been risen overall Conclusion:In the future,it would increase the TCM investment,attach importance to the development of TCM services in non-Chinese medicine hospitals,improve the capacity of primary Chinese medicine services,continue to consolidate the policy of"strengthening the primary",and maintain the rapid development of Chinese medicine clinics and outpatient clinics;the value of Chinese medicine technical labor should be emphasized,and the driving force of county hospitals should be brought into full play.