Objective:To explore the impact of individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the compliance of nebulization inhalation, pulmonary ventilation status, respiratory function and exercise capacity of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), and to provide a reference for clinical nursing decisions.Methods:A single-blind randomized controlled study was conducted. Elderly patients with AECOPD who were hospitalized in Fuyang Cancer Hospital, Anhui Province from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling. They were divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method. The control group received routine care. The observation group adopted the individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the basis of the control group. The compliance of nebulization treatment, pulmonary ventilation status [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1), FEV 1/FVC], and exercise capacity [six minutes walk test (6MWT)] of the two groups of patients after intervention were compared, and the respiratory function [modified Medical Research Council Scale (mMRC)] after 3 days of intervention and at discharge were compared. Results:A total of 60 patients were finally included, including 30 in the control group, 21 males and 9 females, with an age of (73.90 ± 3.95) years. There were 30 cases in the observation group, including 25 males and 5 females, with an age of (72.93 ± 4.24) years. After the intervention, the compliance of nebulization treatment in the observation group was complete compliance in 20 cases, partial compliance in 10 cases, and non-compliance in 0 cases. In the control group, it was complete compliance in 12 cases, partial compliance in 13 cases, and non-compliance in 5 cases, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( Z=2.40, P<0.05). The FVC, FEV 1 and FEV 1/FVC in the observation group were (2.43 ± 0.47) L, (2.74 ± 0.85) L and (68.46 ± 6.71) % respectively, which were all higher than (2.21 ± 0.16) L, (2.26 ± 0.76) L and (62.49 ± 7.38) % in the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=2.43, 2.31, 3.28, all P<0.05). The 6MWT of the observation group was (233.42 ± 24.28) m, which was higher than (214.28 ± 21.63) m in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.22, P<0.05). The mMRC scores of the observation group 3 days after intervention and at discharge were (2.05 ± 0.12) and (1.64 ± 0.13) points respectively, which were both lower than (2.14 ± 0.21) and (1.88 ± 0.14) points in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.04, 6.88, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing in elderly patients with AECOPD can improve their compliance with nebulization treatment, thereby enhancing their respiratory function and exercise capacity.

Objective:To explore the impact of individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the compliance of nebulization inhalation, pulmonary ventilation status, respiratory function and exercise capacity of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), and to provide a reference for clinical nursing decisions.Methods:A single-blind randomized controlled study was conducted. Elderly patients with AECOPD who were hospitalized in Fuyang Cancer Hospital, Anhui Province from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling. They were divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method. The control group received routine care. The observation group adopted the individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the basis of the control group. The compliance of nebulization treatment, pulmonary ventilation status [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1), FEV 1/FVC], and exercise capacity [six minutes walk test (6MWT)] of the two groups of patients after intervention were compared, and the respiratory function [modified Medical Research Council Scale (mMRC)] after 3 days of intervention and at discharge were compared. Results:A total of 60 patients were finally included, including 30 in the control group, 21 males and 9 females, with an age of (73.90 ± 3.95) years. There were 30 cases in the observation group, including 25 males and 5 females, with an age of (72.93 ± 4.24) years. After the intervention, the compliance of nebulization treatment in the observation group was complete compliance in 20 cases, partial compliance in 10 cases, and non-compliance in 0 cases. In the control group, it was complete compliance in 12 cases, partial compliance in 13 cases, and non-compliance in 5 cases, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( Z=2.40, P<0.05). The FVC, FEV 1 and FEV 1/FVC in the observation group were (2.43 ± 0.47) L, (2.74 ± 0.85) L and (68.46 ± 6.71) % respectively, which were all higher than (2.21 ± 0.16) L, (2.26 ± 0.76) L and (62.49 ± 7.38) % in the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=2.43, 2.31, 3.28, all P<0.05). The 6MWT of the observation group was (233.42 ± 24.28) m, which was higher than (214.28 ± 21.63) m in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.22, P<0.05). The mMRC scores of the observation group 3 days after intervention and at discharge were (2.05 ± 0.12) and (1.64 ± 0.13) points respectively, which were both lower than (2.14 ± 0.21) and (1.88 ± 0.14) points in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.04, 6.88, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing in elderly patients with AECOPD can improve their compliance with nebulization treatment, thereby enhancing their respiratory function and exercise capacity.

ObjectiveTo establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry（UHPLC-QqQ-MS） for determination of the active ingredients in Erdongtang， and to predict the targets and pathways of anti-insulin resistance action of this formula. MethodThe analysis was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column（2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.7 μm） with the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution（A）-acetonitrile（B） for gradient elution（0-3 min， 90%-87%A； 3-6 min， 87%-86%A； 6-9 min， 86%-83%A； 9-11 min， 83%-75%A； 11-18 min， 75%-70%A； 18-19 min， 70%-52%A； 19-22 min， 52%A； 22-25 min， 52%-5%A； 25-27 min， 5%-90%A； 27-30 min， 90%A）. The contents of active ingredients in Erdongtang was detected by electrospray ionization（ESI） and multiple reaction monitoring（MRM） mode under positive and negative ion modes. On this basis， network pharmacology was applied to predict the targets and pathways of Erdongtang exerting anti-insulin resistance effect. ResultThe 20 active ingredients in Erdongtang showed good linear relationships within a certain mass concentration range， and the precision， stability， repeatability and recovery rate were good. The results of determination showed that the ingredients with high content in 15 batches of samples were baicalein（1 259.39-1 635.78 mg·L^-1）， baicalin（1 078.37-1 411.52 mg·L^-1）， the ingredients with medium content were mangiferin（148.59-217.04 mg·L^-1）， timosaponin BⅡ（245.10-604.89 mg·L^-1）， quercetin-3-O-glucuronide（89.30-423.26 mg·L^-1）， rutin（46.91-1 553.61 mg·L^-1）， glycyrrhizic acid（55.97-391.47 mg·L^-1）， neomangiferin（37.45-127.03 mg·L^-1）， nuciferine（0.89-63.48 mg·L^-1）， hyperoside（6.96-136.78 mg·L^-1）， liquiritin（30.89-122.78 mg·L^-1）， liquiritigenin（26.64-110.67 mg·L^-1）， protodioscin（58.57-284.26 mg·L^-1）， the ingredients with low content were wogonin（7.16-20.74 mg·L^-1）， pseudoprotodioscin（5.49-22.96 mg·L^-1）， ginsenoside Rb₁（7.31-23.87 mg·L^-1）， ginsenoside Rg₁（10.78-28.33 mg·L^-1）， ginsenoside Re（7.78-24.76 mg·L^-1）， ophiopogonin D（2.08-4.29 mg·L^-1）， methylophiopogonanone A（0.74-1.67 mg·L^-1）. The results of network pharmacology indicated that the mechanism of anti-insulin resistance exerted by Erdongtang might be related to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway. ConclusionThe established UHPLC-QqQ-MS has the advantages of simple sample processing， strong exclusivity and high sensitivity， and can simultaneously determine the contents of the main ingredients from seven herbs in Erdongtang， which can lay the foundation for the development of Erdongtang compound preparations. The results of the network pharmacology can provide a reference for the mechanism study of Erdongtang in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella infection in foodborne diseases in Shanxi Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of Salmonella infection. Methods Automatic microbial biochemical identification system was used to identify Salmonella , and descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of Salmonella infections in foodborne diseases in Shanxi Province from 2016 to 2021. Results The basic information of 10 037 cases of foodborne diseases and their Salmonella detection results were analyzed. The detection rate of Salmonella was 5.25%, and the main serotype was Salmonella enteritidis (209/522). The positive detection rate of Salmonella in the 0-10 years old age group was the highest (6.04%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ²= 19.23, P = 0.01). The positive detection rate of Salmonella in kindergarteners was the highest at 10.71%, and there was a significant difference in the positive detection rate among different occupations (χ²= 43.31, P < 0.05). The detection rate of bulk foods (5.16%) was higher than that of pre-packaged foods (3.70%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ²= 4.43, P = 0.04). Cases involving food stores had a higher Salmonella detection rate (9.54%), and the peak period of Salmonella infection was from May 24 to August 23. Conclusion The incidence of Salmonella infection in foodborne diseases is high in summer and autumn. Foods in food stores and bulk foods are more likely to cause Salmonella infection. Supervision and management of food stores should be strengthened, and special attention should be paid to children in kindergartens during the epidemic peak.

BACKGROUND: From 2010 to 2015, there was a twofold growth of new HIV/AIDS infection in Beijing among young students aged 15-24. HIV/AIDS education was found effective in promoting positive behavior change related to HIV/AIDS prevention. However, little evidence was found on the evaluation of HIV/AIDS education policy. This study aimed to evaluate the college-based HIV/AIDS education policy in Beijing. METHODS: By using a mixed method approach, the current study reviewed college-based HIV/AIDS education policy at national level and in Beijing from 1985 to 2016 and conducted policy content analysis to evaluate the policy ability to structure implementation. Cross-sectional surveys in 2006 and 2016 were used to evaluate college's implementation of relevant policies. T test, χ test, and logistic regression were used to analyze college students' perception of HIV/AIDS education provided in their colleges and their knowledge of HIV/AIDS and their risk factors. RESULTS: Fourteen pieces of national policy and four pieces of Beijing's policy were identified. Policy's ability to structure implementation was at moderate level. The percentage of students in Beijing who ever perceived HIV/ADIS education at colleges decreased from 71.14 to 39.80%, and the percentage of students with comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS dropped from 50.00% in 2006 to 40.42% in 2016. CONCLUSIONS HIV/AIDS education in college had drawn considerable attentions from the Chinese government, while the policy implementation needs further strengthening.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; psychology ; Adolescent ; Beijing ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections ; psychology ; Health Education ; statistics & numerical data ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Male ; Universities ; statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the current status of frailty in elderly patients with fragile hip fractures and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:The clinical data of 196 elderly patients with fragile hip fractures who underwent surgical treatment in 4 Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals from April to November 2019 were collected. Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) was used to assess nutritional status, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) was used to assess cognitive function, 5-Item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-5) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess mental state, Fried Frailty Phenotype (FP) was used to assess the occurrence of frailty of patients and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of frailty in patients.Results:Among the 196 elderly patients with fragile hip fractures, the incidence of frailty and non-frailty were 50.5% (99/196) and 49.5% (97/196) , respectively. There were statistically significant differences in incidence of frailty among elderly patients with fragile hip fractures with different ages, exercise frequency, self-perceived health status, sleep quality, activity of daily living, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) , nutritional status, depression status assessment, cognitive status assessment and anxiety self-assessment ( P<0.05) . Logistic regression analysis showed that age, self-perceived health status, sleep quality, CCI and nutritional status were the main risk factors affecting the occurrence of fragility in elderly patients with fragile hip fractures ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:In elderly patients with fragile hip fractures, the incidence of frailty is higher, and the main risk factors for frailty are age, self-perceived health, sleep quality, CCI and nutritional status. It is necessary for medical staff to identify frailty patients before surgery and timely adopt interdisciplinary frailty management to reduce and delay the occurrence of frailty and promote the recovery of elderly patients with fragile hip fractures.

BACKGROUNDAs the widespread use of electric devices in modern life, human are exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF MF) much more frequently than ever. Over the past decades, a substantial number of epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that ELF MF (50 Hz) exposure is associated with increased risk of various health effects. The present study examined the effects of chronic exposure to ELF MF on anxiety level and spatial memory of adult rats.

METHODSThe 50-Hz ELF MF was used during the whole experimental procedures and the value of magnetic field (MF) was set to 2 mT. Adult rats were divided randomly to control, MF 1 hour and MF 4 hours group. Anxiety-related behaviors were examined in the open field test and the elevated plus maze; changes in spatial learning and memory were determined in Morris water maze after 4 weeks of daily exposure.

RESULTSRats in MF 4 hours group had increased anxiety-like behaviors with unaltered locomotor activity. In the Morris water maze test, rats had reduced latency to find the hidden platform and improved long-term memory of former location of platform without changes in short-term memory and locomotor activity.

CONCLUSIONChronic ELF MF exposure has anxiogenic effect on rats, and the promoting effects on spatial learning and long-term retention of spatial memory.

Animals ; Anxiety ; physiopathology ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Male ; Maze Learning ; physiology ; Memory ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study the changes of eotaxin expression during different phrases of recovery process of mucosa in sinus cavity after endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods Expression of eotaxin during different phrases of recovery process of mucosa in sinus cavity in 10 patients with type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery was determined by immunohistochemitry and Western blotting. Results At 1-2 weeks after surgery, there was a significant difference in expression of eotaxin (P