Objective:To explore the value of fast susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) generated by a deep learning model in assessment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:From January 2019 to January 2021, 118 AIS patients [75 males and 43 females, aged 23-100 (66±14) years] who underwent MR examination and SWI sequence scanning within 24 h of symptom onset in the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. MATLAB ′s randperm function was used to divide 118 patients into a training set of 96 cases and a test set of 22 cases at a ratio of 8∶2. Fourty-seven AIS patients [38 males and 9 females, aged 16-75 (58±12) years] from one center of a multicenter study were selected to build the external validation set. SWI image and filtered phase image were combined into complex value image as full sampling reference image. Undersampled SWI images were obtained by retrospective undersampling of reference fully sampled images, and the undersampling multiple was five times which could save 80% of the scanning time, then the complex-valued convolutional neural network (ComplexNet) was used to develop reconstruct fast SWI. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) or Kappa tests were used to compare the consistency of image quality and the diagnostic consistency for the presence of susceptibility vessel sign (SVS), cerebral microbleeds and asymmetry of cerebral deep medullary veins (DMVs) in AIS patient on fully sampled SWI and fast SWI based on ComplexNet.Results:In test set, score of image quality was 4.5±0.6 for fully sampled SWI image and 4.6±0.7 for fast SWI based on ComplexNet, and coefficient was excellent (ICC=0.86, P<0.05). Full sampling SWI had good agreement with fast SWI based on ComplexNet in detecting SVS (Kappa=0.79, P<0.05), microbleeds (Kappa=0.86, P<0.05), and DMVs asymmetry (Kappa=0.82, P<0.05) in AIS patients. In the external validation set, score of image quality was 4.1±1.0 for fully sampled SWI image and 4.0±0.9 for fast SWI based on ComplexNet, and coefficient was excellent (ICC=0.97, P<0.05). Full sampling SWI had good agreement with fast SWI based on ComplexNet in detecting SVS (Kappa=0.74, P<0.05), microbleeds (Kappa=0.83, P<0.05), and DMVs asymmetry (Kappa=0.74, P<0.05) in AIS patients. Conclusions:Deep learning techniques can significantly accelerate the speed of SWI, and the consistency of image quality and detected AIS signs between fast SWI based on ComplexNet and fully sampled SWI is good. The fast SWI based on ComplexNet can be applied to the radiographic assessment of clinical AIS patients

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Soy isoflavone (SIF) and soy lecithin (SL) have beneficial effects on many chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. Regretfully, there is little evidence to show the combined effects of these soy extractives on the impairment of cognition and abnormal cerebral blood flow (CBF). This study examined the optimal combination dose of SIF + SL to provide evidence for improving CBF and protecting cerebrovascular endothelial cells.MATERIALS/METHODS: In vivo study, SIF50 + SL40, SIF50 + SL80 and SIF50 + SL160 groups were obtained. Morris water maze, laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), and hematoxylineosin staining were used to detect learning and memory impairment, CBF, and damage to the cerebrovascular tissue in rat. The 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were detected. The anti-oxidative damage index of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in the serum of an animal model was also tested. In vitro study, an immortalized mouse brain endothelial cell line (bEND.3 cells) was used to confirm the cerebrovascular endothelial cell protection of SIF + SL. In this study, 50 μM of Gen were used, while the 25, 50, or 100 μM of SL for different incubation times were selected first. The intracellular levels of 8-OHdG, SOD, GSH, and GSSG were also detected in the cells. RESULTS: In vivo study, SIF + SL could increase the target crossing times significantly and shorten the total swimming distance of rats. The CBF in the rats of the SIF50 + SL40 group and SIF50 + SL160 group was enhanced. Pathological changes, such as attenuation of the endothelium in cerebral vessels were much less in the SIF50 + SL40 group and SIF50 + SL160 group. The 8-OHdG was reduced in the SIF50 + SL40 group. The GSSG showed a significant decrease in all SIF + SL pretreatment groups, but the GSH showed an opposite result. SOD was upregulated by SIF + SL pretreatment. Different combinations of Genistein (Gen)+SL, the secondary proof of health benefits found in vivo study, showed they have effective antioxidation and less side reaction on protecting cerebrovascular endothelial cell. SIF50 + SL40 in rats experiment and Gen50 + SL25 in cell test were the optimum joint doses on alleviating cognitive impairment and regulating CBF through protecting cerebrovascular tissue by its antioxidant activity. CONCLUSIONS SIF+SL could significantly prevent cognitive defect induced by β-Amyloid through regulating CBF. This kind of effect might be attributed to its antioxidant activity on protecting cerebral vessels.

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of selenium-enriched Ganoderma lucidum crude extract on lipid metabolism， liver function and inflammatory response in type 2 diabetic model rats. METHODS： Totally 120 rats were randomly divided into normal control group （n＝20， normal saline） and model group （n＝100）. Normal control group was fed with normal diet， and model group was fed with high-fat diet. 4 weeks later， model group was given intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin solution （30 mg/kg） to induce T2DM model. After modeling， 90 rats were randomly subdivided into model control group （normal saline）， positive control group （metformin， 200 mg/kg） and selenium-enriched G. lucidum crude extract low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （300， 600， 1 200 mg/kg， calculated by extract）， with 18 rats in each group. They were given medicine intragastrically， once a day， from Monday to Saturday. Half of rats in each group were selected 4， 8 weeks after medication； the serum levels of glucose and insulin were detected， and islet resistance index were calculated. The serum levels of liver function indexes （AST， ALT， AKP）， blood lipid indexes （FFA， TC， TG， LDL-C） and inflammatory factors （TNF-α， IL-6， IL-1β） were detected by ELISA. After HE staining， the histopathological changes of liver tissue were observed by microscopy. mRNA and protein expressions of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α （PPARα） and peroxidase acyl coenzyme A oxidase 1 （ACOX1） in liver tissue were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot assay. RESULTS： Compared with normal control group， glucose， insulin serum levels and islet resistance index were significantly increased （P＜0.01）； serum liver function indexes， blood lipid indexes and inflammatory factor levels of model control group were increased significantly in model control group after 4 and 8 weeks medication （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The hepatocyte swelling of model control group was round and the volume was significantly larger than that of blank control group.  The liver had different degrees of steatosis and vacuolization， accompanied by a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. mRNA and protein expressions of PPARα and ACOX1 in liver tissue were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with model control group， except that there was no significant decreased in islet resistunce index and AST， ALT， IL-6， IL-1β serum levels after 4 weeks of medication， and glucose， insulin， ALT serum levels after 8 weeks of medication and the levels of 4 blood lipid indexes after 4 and 8 weeks of medication in selenium-enriched G. lucidum crude extract low-dose group （P＞0.05）， above serum indexes of other groups were decreased significantly after 4 and 8 weeks of medication （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. After 4 and 8 weeks of medication， the pathological changes of liver tissue in rats were alleviated in varying degrees. protein and mRNA expressions of PPARα and ACOX1 in liver tissue were increased significantly after 4 and 8 weeks of medication （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： Selenium-enriched G. lucidum crude extract can up-regulate protein and mRNA expressions of PPARα and ACOX1 in liver tissue， promote the excretion of accumulated fatty acid and significantly improve fatty acid metabolism， inflammatory response and liver function in T2DM model rats.

OBJECTIVE: To identify MARCO gene knockout mouse model by genotyping,sequencing and Western blotting.METHODS: A total of 16 base-knockout MARCO~(-/-)C57 BL/6 mice( 8 female and 8 male) were obtained by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats( CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein 9( Cas9) technique with MARCO~(+/+)C57 BL/6 mice(8 female),and their offspring MARCO~(+/-)mice were obtained. Then MARCO~(+/-)mice were inter-crossed to get a sufficient number of MARCO~(-/-)homozygous mice. The genotypes of mice were identified by gene sequencing and the relative expression of MARCO protein was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: After one year of breeding,a total of 5 generations were bred. There were 5 types of MARCO~(-/-)genotypes(-11,-25,-36,-46,-61 bp) stably inherited; MARCO~(-/-)∶ MARCO~(+/-)∶ MARCO~(+/+)= 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 1,which was consistent with Mendelian's law of heredity. Using MARCO(-11 bp) as an example,42 MARCO~(-/-)mice,92 MARCO~(+/-)mice and 48 MARCO~(+/+)mice were obtained from the 5 th generation( F5 generation); and there was no significant difference in body mass of the above 3 genotypes of F5 generation mice at the 4 th,the 6 th and the 8 th weeks after birth( P > 0. 05). The relative expression of MARCO protein in MARCO~(-/-)(-11 bp) and MARCO~(-/-)(-46 bp) mice was significantly down-regulated,compared with that of MARCO~(+/+),MARCO~(-/-)(-36 bp) and MARCO~(-/-)(-61 bp) mice(P < 0. 05). MARCO~(-/-)(-11 bp)and MARCO~(-/-)(-46 bp) mice were chosen as the MARCO gene knockout mice. CONCLUSION: MARCO gene knockout mice were successfully identified,which laid a foundation for further study on the role and regulatory mechanism of MARCO gene in silicotic fibrosis in mice.

BACKGROUND:The physicochemical properties and bioactivity of titanium surface will degrade with time because of the aging phenomenon,affecting the efficiency of implant-bone osseointegration.Therefore,the re-activation of the implant surface physicochencical properties and bioactivity is important.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the re-activation effect of ultraviolet rays on aging titanium surface.METHODS:Sand-blasted and acid-etched titanium discs were divided into three groups randomly:Group A was new titanium surface,Group B was stored in a sealed container for 4 weeks,Group C was treated with ultraviolet rays for 15 minutes after stored in the sealed container for 4 weeks.The surface roughness,elemental composition and surface energy of the titanium surface were examined by optical profilometer,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measuring device,respectively.The bioactivity of the titanium surface was examined by cell culture experiments.MG63 osteoblast-like cells were cultured on the different titanium surfaces.After 30 minutes,1,2,4 hours of incubation,the cells were strained with Hoechst33342 fluorescence,and initial attachment of cells was evaluated by measuring the amount of cells attached to the titanium surface.The proliferation of cells was quantified in terms of cell density at 1 and 3 culture days using tetrazolium salt (MTS)-based colorimetry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no obvious difference in the surface roughness of the three groups,and ultraviolet treatment did not change the surface morphology of titanium surface.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the C element content of group A and group C was lower than that of group B (P ＜ 0.05),and the content of Ti,O,N elements was significantly higher than that of group B (P ＜ 0.05).No difference in the surface element composition between group A and group C was found.Both of the surface contact angles of group A and group C were Oo,but in group B,the value was 115°.The number of initially attached cells of group A and group C was significantly higher than that of group B after incubated 30 minutes,1,2 and 4 hours (P ＜ 0.05),and no difference between group A and group C was found.The proliferation of cells of group A and group C was significantly higher than that of group B after incubated 1 and 3 days (P ＜ 0.05),but no difference between group A and group C was found.In conclusion,ultraviolet rays show good effects on the re-activation of the aging titanium surface,which can reduce hydrocarbon contamination and recover the high surface energy to increase cell adhesion and proliferation.

Objective To analyze the volatile constituents of Linglingxiang (Lysimachia foenumgraecum,Hance,Holy Basil) by applying solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS).Methods The heads of solid phase microextraction (SPME) with 4 kinds of different coating,75 μm CAR/PDMS,65 μm DVB/PDMS,85 μm PA and 100 μm PDMS,were used to extract the under the best extraction condition,and then these volatile constituents were detected by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results The key parameters of SPME for extracting volatile constituents from Linglingxiang were as follows:temperature was 85℃C and extracting time was for 50 min.A total of 10 types including 103 kinds of volatile constituents were identified by 4 different SPME extraction heads,and phenols,esters and hydrocarbons were main chemical types of volatile compounds in Linglingxiang.There were totally 6 volatile constituents detected by 4 different SPME extraction heads,and they were Sugarlactone,Dihydroactinidiolide,(+)-cedrol,phytone,phenanthrene,and 3-Amino-4,5-dimethyl-2 (5h)-furanone.Among all extraction heads,the head of 75 μm CAR/PDMS detected the largest number of volatile constituents reached to 43.Conclusion SPME-GC/MS was used for the first time form determining the volatile constituents in Linglingxiang.The method is simple,rapid and accurate,which can offer reference to further studies on the material base of Linglingxiang.

BACKGROUND:Retinol binding protein-4 is a most sensitive biomarker for loss of function of the human proximal renal tubule, which is applied in the early detection of acute kidney injury. It is speculated that retinol binding protein-4 may be associated with acute rejection and delayed graft function after renal transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation of peripheral blood retinol binding protein-4 and renal alograft function in the early stage after renal transplantation. METHODS:The venous blood samples of renal transplantation recipients were continuously colected for detection. As a retrospective nested case-control study, 20 cases of clinical diagnosed acute rejection were selected as acute rejection group. Another 20 cases of delayed graft function and 20 cases with normal graft function were randomly selected according to the ratio of 1:1:1 and taken as delayed graft function group and control group, respectively. Retinol binding protein-4 level was detected by the immune turbidimetric method, and meanwhile, the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were dynamicaly examined by the sarcosine oxidase method. Then, al the data were comparatively analyzed at vertical and horizontal levels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, retinol binding protein-4 and serum creatinine levels in the acute rejection group and the delayed graft function group were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Retinol binding protein-4 and serum creatinine levels in the acute rejection group were significantly different between the rejection and non-rejection periods (P < 0.01). Similarly, these two indicators in the delayed graft function group were significantly different between the normal and abnormal renal function periods (P < 0.05). Retinol binding protein-4 levels were positively correlated with serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. Both in the acute rejection group and delayed graft function group, retinol binding protein-4 levels changed earlier than the serum creatinine levels. Retinol binding protein-4, an independent biomarker indicator, is positively correlated with serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and has certain time advantage in predicting the change of renal function, which is very conducive to the clinical diagnosis and monitoring of acute rejection and delayed graft function.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Calcium dobesilate (calcium dihydroxy-2, 5-benzenesulfonate) has been widely used to treat chronic venous insufficiency and diabetic retinopathy, especialy many clinical studies showed that calcium dobesilate as vasoprotective compound ameliorates renal lesions in diabetic nephropathy. However, there are few literatures reported calcium dobesilate in the treatment of chronic renal alograft dysfunction after renal transplantation. OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of calcium dobesilate on chronic renal dysfunction after renal transplantation. METHODS:A total of 152 patients with chronic renal alograft dysfunction after renal transplantation were enroled from the Military Institute of Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. They were randomly divided into the treatment group (n=78) and the control group (n=74). Patients in the treatment group received 500 mg of calcium dobesilate three times daily for eight weeks. Al patients were treated with calcineurin inhibitor-based triple immunosuppressive protocols and comprehensive therapies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For patients receiving calcium dobesilate, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid decreased significantly at two weeks after treatment and maintained a stable level (P < 0.05). However, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen returned to the original level soon after drug withdrawal. No significant difference was observed in blood cel count, liver function, blood lipids, electrolytes, blood pressure and 24-hour urine output between the two groups before and after therapy (P > 0.05). Administration of calcium dobesilate did not change the general condition of patients with renal insufficiency, nor did it affect blood concentrations of the immunosuppressive agents. Calcium dobesilate may help to delay the progress of graft injury in patients with chronic renal graft dysfunction by conjugating with creatinine, ameliorating the impaired microcirculation and its antioxidant property. The decline in serum creatinine aleviates patients’ anxiety and concern arising from the elevation of creatinine. However, the negative interference with serum creatinine caused by calcium dobesilate should be cautious in order to avoid misjudgment of patients’ condition.

Objective To study the influence of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on physical and chemical properties of sandblasted and acid-etched (SA) titanium surface and their ability to adsorb human fibronectin (HFn).Methods SA and UV-SA surfaces were separately prepared.Surface morphology,roughness,elemental composition,wettability and HFn adsorption assay were performed for comparative analysis of these two surfaces.Results SA and UV-SA surface had a similar morphology with multi-holes,and average roughness.UV-SA surface had a lower C content (22.83％) and higher O content (51.20％) and presented hydrophilicity,while SA surface showed hydrophobicity.But the quantity of adsorbed HFn on SA surface at 10 min assay point [(0.41 ±0.07) μg] was statistically higher than that on UV-SA surface [(0.26 ± 0.08) μg] (P =0.007).Conclusions UV irradiation would not change the morphology and roughness of SA surface.However,it could reduce the hydrocarbon and increase the hydroxyl groups,and the absorption of HFn on UV-SA surface at 10 min assay point was statistically lower than that on SA surface.Therefore,the in-vitro bioactivity of UV-SA surface was not as good as that of SA surface.

BACKGROUND:Fol ow-up researches have shown that there is no statistical y difference in safety between kidney donor and healthy person after kidney transplantation, even the donors wil have better life quality. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety of living-related kidney transplantation in living kidney donors. METHODS:Ninety-four cases of kidney donors received 1-10 years fol ow-up through regular clinical fol ow-up, telephone fol ow-up and regular renal patients self-help groups to compare the changes of serum creatinine, hematuria, proteinuria and blood pressure and lipid level in the donors before and after kidney transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The serum creatinine was significantly increased after nephrectomy (P<0.01), but al the donors had normal serum creatinine levels and remained stable. There was no significant difference in serum creatinine level between the latest fol ow-up and discharge (P>0.05). After nephrectomy, three cases (3.2%) suffered from hematuria, two cases (2.1%) had proteinuria, and improved after rest;six cases (6.4%) were subject to hypertension and six cases (6.4%) to hyperlipidemia. Al of the donors were alive. The living donor nephrectomy is feasible and safe. Preoperative assessment and long-term postoperative fol ow-up can guarantee the safety of the donors.