Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of liver cancer in Guangdong Province in 2020, and to provide a scientific foundation for the development of regionalized prevention and control strategies for liver cancer. Methods According to the cancer registry data of Guangdong Province, the incidence, mortality and age-standardized rate by Chinese standard population in 2020 were calculated to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of liver cancer. The disability adjusted life years (DALYs), year of life loss (YLL), year of lived with disability (YLD), and cause-eliminated life expectancy were used to assess the disease burden of liver cancer. Results In 2020, the crude incidence rate and the age-standardized incidence rate of liver cancer in Guangdong Province were 27.79/100 000 and 20.84/100 000，respectively, and the crude mortality rate and the age-standardized mortality rate of liver cancer were 25.49/100,000 and 17.64/100 000, respectively. The total DALY and DALY rate of liver cancer in Guangdong Province were 515 311 person-years and 513.83/100 000, respectively. After eliminating the causes of death from liver cancer, the life expectancy in Guangdong Province increased from 84.60 years to 84.99 years. All indicators consistently demonstrated that the burden of liver cancer was higher in males than that in females, and the burden of liver cancer was higher in rural areas than that in urban areas. Conclusion Liver cancer in Guangdong Province exhibits a high incidence, mortality and disease burden level in 2020. There are obvious differences of gender, age and region in cancer burden. It is necessary to strengthen liver cancer screening and diagnosis and treatment in men, the elderly and those in rural areas to reduce the burden of liver cancer gradually in Guangdong Province.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of interleukin （IL）-17A in acute inhalational pneumonia induced by the highly drug-resistant and hypervirulent Staphylococcus aureus strain USA300-R in mice. MethodsAn acute inhalational pneumonia model was established in mice using an aerosolized pulmonary delivery technique. RNA sequencing （RNA-seq） and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） were employed to examine the expression dynamics of Il17a mRNA and IL-17A protein， respectively， in the lungs of infected mice. Il17a knockout （Il17a^-/-） mice were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. The survival rate， body weight， bacterial load in lung tissue， and histopathological changes were compared between Il17a^-/- and wild-type （WT） mice following inhalational infection with USA300-R. Results12 hours after USA300-R infection， compared to pre-infection， the expression level of Il17a mRNA in lung tissue and the level of IL-17A protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） increased by approximately 50-fold （P<0.01） and 6-fold （P<0.001）， respectively. Compared to WT mice， Il17a^-/- mice exhibited approximately 10-fold higher bacterial loads in lung tissue at both 12 and 24 hours post-infection （P<0.001， P<0.05）. However， they showed significantly attenuated lung histopathological injury， reduced alveolar wall thickening， markedly decreased neutrophil infiltration， and an approximately 50% improvement in survival rate （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn acute Staphylococcus aureus USA300-R inhalational pneumonia， IL-17A contributes to bacterial clearance by recruiting neutrophils； however， excessive neutrophil infiltration exacerbates pulmonary inflammation and injury， reduces survival rates， and represents a potential therapeutic target.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to observe the syndrome improvement and negative antigen conversion rate of Qingxuan Daozhi formula in the treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome）. MethodsThrough a multi-center randomized controlled methodology design，confirmed influenza cases were collected from October 2022 to April 2023 in the pediatrics department of eight hospitals，such as Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. A total of 180 children with influenza and heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome conforming to the standard were recruited through the clinic. The sick children meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into groups by a block-randomized method. The children in the experimental group were treated with Qingxuan Daozhi formula for five days，and those in the control group were treated with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules for five days. The primary efficacy indicator was the negative conversion rate of influenza antigen detection. Secondary efficacy indicators were the Canadian acute respiratory illness and flu scale （CARIFS） and the incidence of complications，severe cases， and critical cases. Follow-up observation was conducted on the day of enrollment，48 hours after medication，72 hours after medication， and （6+1） d after medication. ResultsOne hundred and eighty participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group （90 cases） or the control group （90 cases）. All participants were followed up during the study. Comparison of influenza antigen detection results in the primary efficacy indicators showed that the average time of negative influenza antigen conversion in the experimental group was （5.29±1.25） d，and that in the control group was （5.40±1.68） d，without a statistically significant difference. After five days of intervention，52 cases in the experimental group and 51 cases in the control group converted to negative，without a statistically significant difference. CARIFS score results in the secondary efficacy indicators showed that during 72 hours after intervention，there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in three dimensions， including headache，muscle soreness， and the need for extra care （P<0.05）. On the （6+1） days after the intervention，the differences in both the experimental group and the control group were statistically significant in 10 dimensions， including sore throat，bad sleep，uncomfortable feeling，poor spirit and fatigue，crying more than usual，the need for extra care，symptom，function，influence on parents，and total score （P<0.05）. The comparison results within the group in the dimensional scores of symptom， function， and influence on parents，as well as the CARIFS total score showed that with the delay of follow-up time，scores of both groups decreased significantly，with a statistically significant difference （P<0.01）. Inter-group comparison results showed that the mean score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group at the time of enrollment. With the progress of intervention，the score of the experimental group was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. At the end of follow-up，the mean score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group，with no statistically significant difference. In terms of the incidence of complications，severe cases， and critical cases， there were no complications，severe cases， and critical cases in the two groups，without a statistically significant difference. ConclusionThe symptom improvement effect and negative antigen conversion rate of Qingxuan Daozhi formula in the treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome） are not inferior to Oseltamivir Phosphate granules， and children's acceptance is better. It can be more widely used in clinical treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome）.

ObjectiveTo systematically explore the current practical status, core predicaments, and optimization paths of effective contract fulfillment by family doctors in Shanghai from the perspective of informatization, and to provide empirical support and policy references for the high-quality development of contracted services. MethodsA mixed research approach was adopted. The connotation of effective contract fulfillment, the current status of informatization support, and the priority of demand were comprehensively analyzed through policy document review, in-depth interviews with key informants, and a questionnaire survey covering 45 community health service centers across all 16 districts of Shanghai. ResultsThe family doctor contract service in Shanghai has formed a dual-core framework of “accurate contracting” and “substantive service delivery”, yet challenges persist in system interoperability, health data integration, and the limited diversity of service outreach tools. The comprehensive utilization rate of the information integration terminal in the 45 surveyed community health service centers was merely 50.74%. Three prioritized demands were identified: horizontal connectivity between the Hospital Information System (HIS) and the public health system for contract status updates, integration of “medical-prevention-management” information, and automated generation of health assessments. Based on these findings, this study proposed a closed-loop fulfillment pathway of “tag generation-task management-service delivery-data return”. ConclusionTo facilitate the high-quality development of contracted services, it is recommended to transform the concept of contracted services and promote the integration of medical care and disease prevention through information system construction from a holistic perspective. Concurrently, municipal top-level design and district-level platform development should be reinforced to refine data governance and application. Furthermore, substantial efforts should be devoted to cultivating interdisciplinary talents bridging clinical practice and information technology, thus strengthening the convergence of clinical and information operations.

Actinomycetes are important producers of high-value natural products, and the engineering of actinomycetes to enhance the biosynthesis of target natural products has long been a hot research topic in the scientific community. However, non-rational engineering methods suffer from low beneficial mutation rates, which limit the efficiency of mutant screening. The integration of high-throughput screening (HTS) technologies can effectively enhance the screening efficiency of elite mutants and significantly shorten the cycle of actinomycete strain engineering. This review comprehensively discusses various HTS technologies suitable for the engineering of actinomycete strains and compares them in terms of application scenarios, advantages, and disadvantages. HTS technologies include microplate-based screening, antimicrobial activity screening, antibiotic resistance screening, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), and fluorescence-activated droplet sorting (FADS). Additionally, this review summarizes the applications of these technologies in assisting actinomycete strain engineering and enhancing the yields of target compounds. The development and application of HTS technologies have not only facilitated the exploration of natural product resources in actinomycetes but also provided strong support for the rapid and efficient construction of high-performance engineered actinomycete strains.
Actinobacteria/metabolism* ; High-Throughput Screening Assays/methods* ; Genetic Engineering/methods* ; Biological Products/metabolism* ; Flow Cytometry ; Metabolic Engineering/methods*

To explore the feasibility of using UAV-LiDAR for measuring the leaf area index (LAI) of crop canopies, we employed UAV-LiDAR to scan sugarcane canopies during the tillering and elongation stages, acquiring canopy point cloud data. Subsequently, features such as average row height, projected row area, point cloud density at different canopy layers, and the ratios between these parameters were extracted. Three feature selection methods-partial least squares regression (PLSR), XGBoost feature importance (XGBoost-FI), and random forest-recursive feature elimination (RF-RFE)-were adopted to evaluate and identify the optimal input variables for modeling. With these selected variables, LAI inversion models were developed based on random forest (RF) and adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) algorithms, and their performance was assessed. Among the extracted features, the projected row area S_p and the total row point count C_total exhibited strong correlations with LAI, with correlation coefficients of 0.73 and 0.72, respectively. The AdaBoost-based LAI inversion model, using the projected row area S_p, average height H_avg, mid-layer point cloud density C_m, and total row point count C_total as input variables, achieved the best performance, with a coefficient of determination (R_v²) of 0.713 and a root mean square error (RMSE_v) of 0.25 on the validation set. This study provides an effective method for high-throughput acquisition of LAI in field crops, offering valuable scientific support for sugarcane field management and breeding efforts.
Plant Leaves/growth & development* ; Saccharum/growth & development* ; Algorithms ; Unmanned Aerial Devices ; Remote Sensing Technology/methods* ; Crops, Agricultural/growth & development*

Objective To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of Shexiang Baoxin pill(SBP)on wire injury-induced valvular dysfunction in rats.Methods A rat model of aortic valve injury was established using a standardized wire injury method.Animals were randomly divided into control,sham,model,and SBP low-,medium-,and high-dose(SBP-L,SBP-M,SBP-H)intervention groups.Aortic valve function was evaluated using echocardiography.Histopathological changes were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson's staining.Serum levels of lipid peroxides(LPO),malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione(GSH),and total iron were measured using biochemical assays.Expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins(ACSL4,SLC7A11,and GPX4)and osteogenic markers(RUNX2 and BMP2)in valve tissues were detected through Western blot and RT-qPCR.Results The SBP-M and SBP-H groups showed significantly higher aortic valve orifice areas((3.70±0.04)mm2 and(3.90±0.11)mm2 vs(2.25±0.37)mm2,P＜0.0001),lower transvalvular pressure gradients((0.52±0.09)mmHg and(0.49±0.13)mmHg vs(0.90±0.17)mmHg,P＜0.01),and lower aortic valve peak flow velocities((68.83±4.98)cm/s and(63.61±11.43)cm/s vs(87.14±11.22)cm/s,P＜0.05,P＜0.01)than those in the model group.HE and Masson's staining result demonstrated that SBP alleviates valve thickening and fibrosis(fibrotic area:(35.98±5.2)5％vs(53.01±2.44)％,P＜0.01).Biochemical tests showed that SBP reduces serum levels of lipid peroxidation products(LPO and MDA)and total iron ions while increasing SOD and GSH levels(P＜0.001,P＜0.0001).SBP downregulated the ferroptosis-related protein ACSL4(P＜0.01),upregulated the anti-ferroptosis proteins SLC7A11 and GPX4(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and inhibited the expression of the osteogenic molecules RUNX2 and BMP2(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.0001).Conclusions SBP may alleviate mechanical injury-induced valve dysfunction in rats through the modulation of oxidative stress and restoration of iron homeostasis.These findings provide experimental evidence for the role of SBP in the early intervention of valvular disease.The precise active components,molecular targets,and clinical translation of SBP require further investigation.

Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol(RES)on the function of osteoarthritis synovioblast(OA-FLS)and its molecular mechanism.Methods The purchased primary synovial cells were cultured to the third generation,and OA-FLS cell model was induced by IL-1β.The activity of FLS cells was observed by CCK-8 assay,and the appropriate RES intervention concentration was selected.The cells were divided into Control group,OA-FLS group,Low-RES group(1μmol/L)and High-RES group(5μmol/L).The effects of RES on the migration and invasion of OA-FLS were detected by cell scratch assay and Transwell assay.The effect of RES on OA-FLS apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The effects of RES on the expression of inflammatory factors in OA-FLS and re-lated proteins in NF-κB signaling pathway were detected by Western blot.Results The results of CCK-8 experiment showed that the concentration of RES above 10μmol/L significantly inhibited the viability of FLS cells,and the concentration of RES above 1 μmol/L and 5μmol/L had no significant effect on the viability of FLS cells.Compared with the Control group,the migration and invasion ability of OA-FLS group was enhanced,while the apoptosis ability was weakened,and the migration,invasion and apoptosis ability of OA-FLS group was significantly reversed after RES intervention.Western blot results showed that,compared with the Control group,the levels of inflammatory cytokines in OA-FLS group were increased,and the NF-κB signaling pathway was activated,while the treatment of OA-FLS with different concentrations of RES could reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines and inhibit the transcription of nuclear fac-tors.Conclusion RES inhibited migration and invasion of OA-FLS,promoted apoptosis,and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors of OA-FLS,which may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway by RES.

To explore the effects of different blood loss on liver and kidney function,blood lactic acid levels,and oxidative stress indexes after hemorrhagic shock resuscitation in dogs,10 healthy Chinese rural dogs were randomly divided into 1.5 h blood loss resuscitation group(HSRA group)and 3.5 h blood loss resuscitation group(HSRB group).The changes in liver and kidney function,blood lactic acid,and oxidative stress-related indexes were detected at 2,6,24,48 and 72 h after re-suscitation.The results showed that the liver function indexes of TBIL,ALT,and AST in the HSRB group were higher than those in the HSRA group at each time point after resuscitation.There was no significant change in renal function indexes between the two groups.The level of Lac in the HSRB group was significantly higher than that in the HSRA group at 2 and 6 h after resuscitation.CAT activity in the HSRB group was significantly lower than that in the HSRA group at 2 h after resuscitation.GSH-px activity in the HSRB group was significantly lower than that in the HSRA group at 2,6 and 24 h after resuscitation.SOD activity in the HSRB group was significantly lower than that in the HSRA group at 24 h after resuscitation.MDA content in the HSRB group was sig-nificantly higher than that in the HSRA group at 2,6,24 and 48 h after resuscitation.The results showed that HS could cause liver injury and oxidative stress after resuscitation,and the degree of liver injury and oxidative stress injury in dogs increased with the prolongation of blood loss.

Objective:To explore the incidence of delirium in patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 586 patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments at the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. Patients were divided into a delirium group and a non-delirium group based on whether delirium occurred. Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the factors influencing delirium in patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments.Results:Among 586 patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments, the incidence of delirium was 21.2% (124/586). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age, activities of daily living (Barthel Index), folate deficiency, sleep disorders, and indwelling catheters were factors influencing delirium in patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The incidence of delirium is high among patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments. Healthcare professionals should pay particular attention to elderly patients with advanced age, limited activities of daily living, folate deficiency, sleep disorders, and indwelling catheters, and should implement targeted preventive strategies as early as possible.