ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of total alkaloids of Corydalis saxicola on a rat model of lipopolysaccharide（LPS）-induced depression， as well as the pharmacokinetic characteristics of 8 of its major components. MethodTwenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， fluoxetine group（10 mg·kg^-1） and total alkaloids of C. saxicola group（210 mg·kg^-1）， with 6 rats in each group. In addition to the normal group， the rats were injected intraperitoneally with LPS to establish the inflammation model of depression， and the drug administration was started 1 week after modeling， and the administration groups were gavaged according to the corresponding dose， and the normal and model groups were intragastric administration with equal volume of distilled water， and the administration was performed along with the modeling. After two weeks of continuous administration， the effect of total alkaloids of C. saxicola on the behavior of depressed rats were tested by sucrose preference， forced swimming and open field experiments， the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）， interleukin（IL）-1β and IL-6 in serum of rats were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）， the histopathological changes of rat hippocampus were observed by hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining. After the last administration， blood was collected from orbit according to the set time， and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry（UPLC-QqQ-MS） was established to simultaneously detect the concentrations of dehydrocavidine， tetrahydropalmatine， coptisine， palmatine， jatrorrhizine， berberine， berberrubine and epiberberine in plasma， and drug-time curves were drawn. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by DAS 2.0 software. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group exhibited a decrease in sucrose preference rate， total distance traveled in the open field， as well as an increase in swimming immobility time and serum inflammatory factor expression（P<0.01）. In contrast， compared with the model group， rats in each administration group showed an increase in sucrose preference rate and total distance traveled in the open field， a decrease in swimming immobility time， and a reduction in serum inflammatory factor expression（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Additionally， HE staining results revealed that neurons in the hippocampus of rats from the model group were characterized by loss， disorganization and residual vacuoles， whereas those from the total alkaloids of C.saxicola group displayed an increase in number with orderly arrangement and clear cytoplasm. Pharmacokinetic results showed that the time to peak（t_max） and half-life（t_1/2） of the 8 active ingredients were 0.19-2.06 h and 3.71-8.70 h after continuous administration of total alkaloids of C. saxicola. Among them， the area under the curve（AUC_0-∞） of tetrahydropalmatine was the highest and the t_1/2 was the shortest， and the AUC_0-∞ of coptisine， palmatine， jatrorrhizine， berberine， berberrubine and epiberberine were low. The curves of dehydrocavidine， coptisine， palmatine， berberine and epiberberine showed obvious double peak phenomenon. ConclusionTotal alkaloids of C. saxicola can improve the depression-like behavior of rats， inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors in serum， improve the pathological injury of hippocampus， and has the antidepressant effect. Meanwhile， the effective site is absorbed quickly and eliminated slowly in the depressed model rats， and the efficacy is maintained for a long time.

OBJECTIVES: Several countries have successfully eliminated measles, and China is making significant strides toward achieving this goal. This study focused on investigating the patterns of measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China, as well as control measures. The objective was to provide valuable insights that could contribute to the development of nationwide elimination strategies. METHODS: We analyzed measles surveillance data from 2005 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province. We utilized a joinpoint regression model to examine trends in measles. Additionally, we employed SaTScan version 9.5 to identify spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, we used an age-period-cohort model to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of measles infection in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 was 5.24 per 100,000, showing a consistent and significant downward trend with an annual percentage change of -24.93% (p<0.05). After 2020, the ASIR for measles infection fell to below 0.1 per 100,000. The majority of measles cases occurred in individuals either without an immunization history or with an unknown immunization status, representing 41.06% and 41.40% of the cases from 2010 to 2022, respectively. According to data from the National Measles Surveillance System, the annual rate of discarded measles cases from 2009 to 2014, and the annual rate of discarded measles and rubella cases from 2015 to 2022, were both above 2 per 100,000, indicating the high sensitivity of the measles surveillance system. CONCLUSIONS The significant reduction in measles incidence from 2005 to 2022 demonstrates substantial progress in Zhejiang Province towards the elimination of measles.

OBJECTIVES: Several countries have successfully eliminated measles, and China is making significant strides toward achieving this goal. This study focused on investigating the patterns of measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China, as well as control measures. The objective was to provide valuable insights that could contribute to the development of nationwide elimination strategies. METHODS: We analyzed measles surveillance data from 2005 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province. We utilized a joinpoint regression model to examine trends in measles. Additionally, we employed SaTScan version 9.5 to identify spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, we used an age-period-cohort model to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of measles infection in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 was 5.24 per 100,000, showing a consistent and significant downward trend with an annual percentage change of -24.93% (p<0.05). After 2020, the ASIR for measles infection fell to below 0.1 per 100,000. The majority of measles cases occurred in individuals either without an immunization history or with an unknown immunization status, representing 41.06% and 41.40% of the cases from 2010 to 2022, respectively. According to data from the National Measles Surveillance System, the annual rate of discarded measles cases from 2009 to 2014, and the annual rate of discarded measles and rubella cases from 2015 to 2022, were both above 2 per 100,000, indicating the high sensitivity of the measles surveillance system. CONCLUSIONS The significant reduction in measles incidence from 2005 to 2022 demonstrates substantial progress in Zhejiang Province towards the elimination of measles.

OBJECTIVES: Several countries have successfully eliminated measles, and China is making significant strides toward achieving this goal. This study focused on investigating the patterns of measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China, as well as control measures. The objective was to provide valuable insights that could contribute to the development of nationwide elimination strategies. METHODS: We analyzed measles surveillance data from 2005 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province. We utilized a joinpoint regression model to examine trends in measles. Additionally, we employed SaTScan version 9.5 to identify spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, we used an age-period-cohort model to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of measles infection in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 was 5.24 per 100,000, showing a consistent and significant downward trend with an annual percentage change of -24.93% (p<0.05). After 2020, the ASIR for measles infection fell to below 0.1 per 100,000. The majority of measles cases occurred in individuals either without an immunization history or with an unknown immunization status, representing 41.06% and 41.40% of the cases from 2010 to 2022, respectively. According to data from the National Measles Surveillance System, the annual rate of discarded measles cases from 2009 to 2014, and the annual rate of discarded measles and rubella cases from 2015 to 2022, were both above 2 per 100,000, indicating the high sensitivity of the measles surveillance system. CONCLUSIONS The significant reduction in measles incidence from 2005 to 2022 demonstrates substantial progress in Zhejiang Province towards the elimination of measles.

OBJECTIVES: Several countries have successfully eliminated measles, and China is making significant strides toward achieving this goal. This study focused on investigating the patterns of measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China, as well as control measures. The objective was to provide valuable insights that could contribute to the development of nationwide elimination strategies. METHODS: We analyzed measles surveillance data from 2005 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province. We utilized a joinpoint regression model to examine trends in measles. Additionally, we employed SaTScan version 9.5 to identify spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, we used an age-period-cohort model to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of measles infection in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 was 5.24 per 100,000, showing a consistent and significant downward trend with an annual percentage change of -24.93% (p<0.05). After 2020, the ASIR for measles infection fell to below 0.1 per 100,000. The majority of measles cases occurred in individuals either without an immunization history or with an unknown immunization status, representing 41.06% and 41.40% of the cases from 2010 to 2022, respectively. According to data from the National Measles Surveillance System, the annual rate of discarded measles cases from 2009 to 2014, and the annual rate of discarded measles and rubella cases from 2015 to 2022, were both above 2 per 100,000, indicating the high sensitivity of the measles surveillance system. CONCLUSIONS The significant reduction in measles incidence from 2005 to 2022 demonstrates substantial progress in Zhejiang Province towards the elimination of measles.

ObjectivesTo study the treatment timing and method of glucocorticoids in the treatment of abdominal type Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura (HSP).MethodsA total of 201 children with abdominal type HSP hospitalized from September 2009 to April 2013 received either conventional glucocorticoids treatment or rapid titration treatment of glucocorticoids based on the same basic therapy. According to the treatment timing and method of glucocorticoids, all patients were divided into 4 groups including early convention group (n=46), late convention group (n=44), early titration group (n=56) and late titration group (n=55). The duration from the appearance of gastrointestinal symptoms to using glucocorticoids less than or equal to three days was deifned as early treatment and more than three days was deifned as late treatment. The patients in two convention groups (early and late) were treated with methylprednisolone (2-6mg/kg per day).The patients in two titration groups (early and late) received rapid titration of methylprednisolone from an initial low dose of 2mg/kg per day to the ifnal target dose. The gastrointestinal symptoms were evaluated every 12 hours. If the gastrointestinal symptoms were not alleviated, an additional dosage of methyl-prednisolone was given. On the next day, the total dose of methylprednisolone in previous 24 hours was used as the initial dose. The dosage was increased in such a way till the gastrointestinal symptoms disappeared and this dosage was remained for 3 days. Then the dosage was gradually reduced to the maintenance dose and stopped. If the gastrointestinal symptoms were relapsed, the patients were treated again. A follow-up of 3-6 months was performed. The dosage, recurrence of symptoms and the side effects were compared among four groups.ResultsThe time of remission, target dose of glucocorticoids, total dose of glucocorticoids, recurrence rate, incidence of severe symptoms and Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis were signiifcantly different among four groups (P<0.05). The curative effect was best in early titration group and worst in late convention group.ConclusionsIn the treatment of abdominal type HSP, early titration treatment with glucocorticoids can signiifcantly relieve the gastrointestinal symp-toms and reduce the total dosage of glucocorticoids.

Objective To investagate the change of creatine kinase MB isoenzymes ( CK-MB ) in children with rotavirus diarrhea and to explore the value of CK-MB/CK in the diagnosis of myocardial damage. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical manifestation, laboratory test data and treatment was per-formed in children with rotavirus diarrhea and high CK-MB hospitalized in department of infectious disease, Si-hong Children Hospital. We investigated the dynamic changes of CK-MB in the rotavirus diarrhea patients with and without myocardial damage. Within the non-myocardial damage group, the fluctuation of CK-MB was compared between patients with nutrition therapy and patients with conventional therapy. Receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve was used to explore the predictive value of CK-MB/CK for the myocardial dam-age. Results A total of 603 patients (369 males, 234 females, aged 2~48 months) with high CK-MB were enrolled in this study ( 36 cases with myocardial damage ) . There were 54. 6% of enrolled patients showing higher CK-MB and 3. 3% of patients had myocardial damage. The levels of serum CK-MB in non-myocardial damage group reached the peak on day 7 and decreased to normal in 14 days. The levels of serum CK-MB in myocardial damage group reached the peak on day 14 and maintained at fairly high level for 8 weeks and then decreased to normal . Time for CK-MB to achieve peak is different between these two groups. There was no statistical significance in the levels of serum CK-MB on day1 to day 14 between patients with or without myocar-dial protection ( P >0. 05 ) . The ROC curves were constructed with area under the ROC curves of 0. 697 (0. 611, 0. 784, 95%CI). Conclusion Intrinsic dynamics of CK-MB existed in patients with rotavirus diar-rhea. The diagnostic value of CK-MB is limited in patients with myocardial damage.

Objective To explore changes in β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) levels through the detection of uromicroprotein in children with mycoplasma pneumonia and its clinical value .Methods Levels of urine routine , uromicroprotein, urian, creatinine ( CR) and other indicators were detected in 50 healthy children and 98 child patients with mycoplasma pneumonia , and comparisons were made between them.Results The level of β2-MG[(0.47 ±0.32)mg/L]in the children with mycoplasma pneumonia was signifi-cantly higher than that of the control group [(0.13 ±0.12) mg/L] (P <0.01).Thirty-four cases of urinary micoalbuminuria (34.7%) were detected in the children with mycoplasma pneumonia , and 9 cases urinary micoalbuminuria ( 9.2%) were detected through urine routine.Statistical significance could be found , when comparisons were made between the two (P<0.01).Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumonia could damage the renal function of the child patients to various extents .The detection of β2-microglobulin levelwas of clinical significance to the early diagnosis of renal dysfunction of children with mycoplasma pneumonia .

DNA ; isolation & purification ; Formaldehyde ; Genes, erbB-1 ; genetics ; Genetic Techniques ; Humans ; Mutation ; Paraffin ; Tissue Fixation

Objective To study the dynamic variation of mbisoenzyme of creatine kinase(CK-MB) in the infected course of respiratory syncytial virus and explore the value of CK-MB/CK in the diagnosis of myocardial damage.Methods A total of 577 pediatric patients (317 males,260 females,aged 2 ～ 18 months) with CK-MB/CK ＞5％ from 2010 to 2013 were enrolled in this study (44 complicated by myocardial damage).Five hundred and thirty-three patients with high values CK-MB simply were randomly divided into treatment group (n =243) and control group(n =290).The dynamic variation of CK-MB were investigated.The diagnosis analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve was used to explore the predictive value of differential diagnosis between the pediatric patients with myocardial damage and without myocardial damage.Results Approximately 46.5％ of cases with rotavirus diarrhea had higher CK-MB and 3.5％ of cases had myocardial damage.The time of CK-MB achieved peak and anomalous duration was different between the cases with myocardial damage and without myocardial damage.There was no statistical significance between the cases with or without protecting myocardial(P ＞ 0.05).The ROC curves were constructed with area under the ROC curves of 0.663 (95 ％ CI 0.578,0.747).Conclusion The blood levels of CK-MB in children with respiratory syncytial virus infection existed obvious dynamic variety,which contributed little value to the diagnosis of myocardial damage.