ObjectiveThe effects of two microbial fertilizers （Bacillus subtilis fertilizer and Trichoderma harzianum-Purpureocillium lilacinum compound fertilizer） on the growth and development， the accumulation of active ingredients， and the microbial community diversity of rhizosphere soil of Atractylodes chinensis were investigated. MethodsA field experiment was carried out with two-year-old Atractylodes chinensis as the test material. Plant samples were collected during the wilt stage （September 26， 2023） to determine the general agronomic traits of Atractylodes chinensis. High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was utilized to evaluate the effects of microbial fertilizers on the synthesis and accumulation of four active ingredients （atractylodin， atractylon， β-eudesmol， and atractylenolide Ⅰ） in Atractylodes chinensi. PacBio Sequel sequencing technology was used to explore the differences in bacterial community structures and diversity in the rhizosphere soil of Atractylodes chinensis treated with different microbial fertilizers. ResultsThe two microbial fertilizers had significant growth-promoting effects on Atractylodes chinensis. Compared with those of the CK group， the stem diameter， stem and leaf dry and fresh weight， and rhizome dry and fresh weight of Atractylodes chinensis significantly increased by 0.47-1.07 times （P<0.05） after the application of the Bacillus subtilis fertilizer （16 kg/667 m²）， and those significantly increased by 0.62-0.96 times （P<0.05） after the application of the Trichoderma harzianum-Purpureocillium lilacinum compound fertilizer （1.5 kg/667 m²）. The effect on plant height was not significant. The application of two microbial fertilizers was beneficial to the accumulation of atractylodin， atractylon， β-eudesmol， and atractylenolide Ⅰ （P<0.01）， and the effect of the Bacillus subtilis fertilizer on the accumulation of active ingredients of Atractylodes chinensis was better than that of the Trichoderma harzianum-Purpureocillium lilacinum compound fertilizer. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that compared with the CK group， the Bacillus subtilis fertilizer （8 kg/667 m²） could significantly increase the diversity of rhizosphere bacterial species by regulating the Simpson index and Shannon index （P<0.05）， and the Trichoderma harzianum-Purpureocillium lilacinum compound fertilizer significantly reduced the bacterial diversity （P<0.05）. The relative abundance of dominant bacteria was compared at the phylum and genus levels. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria （45.73%） and Burkholderia_Caballeronia_Paraburkholderia （9.98%） significantly increased after the application of the Bacillus subtilis fertilizer （P<0.01）， and the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota （20.53%） and Sphingomonas （3.63%） increased significantly （P<0.01） after the application of the Trichoderma harzianum-Purpureocillium lilacinum compound fertilizer. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in the Bacillus subtilis fertilizer was slightly higher than that in the Trichoderma harzianum-Purpureocillium lilacinum compound fertilizer. Pearson correlation analysis showed that Burkholderia_Caballeronia_Paraburkholderia and Sphingomonas were positively correlated with the content of atractylodin， atractylon， β-eudesmol， and atractylenolide Ⅰ （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe application of the Bacillus subtilis fertilizer and Trichoderma harzianum-Purpureocillium lilacinum compound fertilizer can increase the yield of medicinal materials and promote the synthesis and accumulation of active ingredients by regulating the rhizosphere microecological diversity of Atractylodes chinensis， and the application effect of the Bacillus subtilis fertilizer is better than that of the Trichoderma harzianum-Purpureocillium lilacinum compound fertilizer.

ObjectiveTo observe and compare the effects of different concentrations of cyclophosphamide (CTX) in inducing premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) model in mice and investigate the mechanism of injury. MethodsThirty-two 6~8-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 per group) using a weight-based block randomization method. The POI model was established via a single intraperitoneal injection of 75 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CTX), 120 mg/kg CTX, 120 mg/kg CTX + 12 mg/kg Busulfan, or an equivalent volume of normal saline (control). Ovarian coefficients, serum estradiol (E₂) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were measured. Western blotting was performed to assess changes in ovarian expression levels of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-5 (SIRT5) and forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) under different modeling conditions. After determining the optimal CTX concentration for modeling, an additional forty 6~8-week-old femal C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into five groups (n=8 per group) using a weight-based block randomization method: saline control, 120 mg/kg CTX sampling at 1, 2, 7, or 14 days after modeling. Western blotting was used to evaluate temporal changes of ovarian SIRT5 and FOXO3a protein expression. ResultsCompared with the saline control, all concentrations of CTX (75 mg/kg CTX, 120 mg/kg CTX) and 120 mg/kg CTX + 12 mg/kg Busulfan induced POI injury in mice. The 120 mg/kg CTX group exhibited smaller changes in ovarian coefficients (P<0.001) and E₂ levels (P<0.05), whereas the 120 mg/kg CTX + 12 mg/kg Busulfan group showed rough and reduced luster fur, sluggish response and was in the worst state. Compared with the saline control group, FOXO3a expression was significantly down-regulated (P<0.05), while SIRT5 remained unchanged in the 75 mg/kg CTX group (P>0.05). In contrast, both SIRT5 (P<0.05) and FOXO3a (P<0.05) were significantly down-regulated in the 120 mg/kg CTX group. Further analysis revealed that on day 2 and 7 after 120 mg/kg CTX modeling, the expressions of SIRT5 (P<0.01) and FOXO3a (P<0.001) were significantly down-regulated, with the largest decrease observed on day 7 (SIRT5, P<0.000 1; FOXO3a, P<0.000 1). ConclusionOvarian injury in the POI model induced by 120 mg/kg CTX is milder than that in the POI model induced by 75 mg/kg CTX. Moreover, the expression changes of SIRT5 and FOXO3a are most significant on day 7 after modeling induced by 120 mg/kg CTX, which may be related to the inhibition of the SIRT5-FOXO3a signaling pathway.

In this study， bibliometric methods were used to systematically investigate the name and origin， the evolution of prescription composition， dose evolution， origin and processing method， decoction method， ancient application， modified application， modern application and other information of Huoxiang Zhengqisan. After research， Huoxiang Zhengqisan， also known as Huoxiang Zhengqitang， was first recorded in Taiping Huimin Hejijufang. The original formula is composed of 41.3 g of Arecae Pericarpium， 41.3 g of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix， 41.3 g of Perilla frutescens（actually Perillae Folium）， 41.3 g of Poria， 82.6 g of Pinelliae Rhizoma， 82.6 g of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， 82.6 g of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium（actually Citri Exocarpium Rubbum）， 82.6 g of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， 82.6 g of Platycodonis Radix， 123.9 g of Pogostemonis Herba， and 103.25 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. In this formula， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex is processed according to the specifications for ginger-processed products， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is processed according to the specifications for stir-fried products， and other herbs are used in their raw products. The botanical sources of the herbs are consistent with the 2020 edition of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. The above herbs are ground into a fine powder with a particle size passing through a No. 5 sieve. For each dose， take 8.26 g of the powdered formula， add 300 mL of water， along with 3 g of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and 3 g of Jujubae Fructus， and decoct until reduced to 140 mL. The decoction should be administered hot， with three times daily. To induce sweating， the patient should be kept warm under a quilt， and an additional dose should be prepared and taken if needed. This formula is traditionally used to relieve the exterior and resolve dampness， regulate Qi and harmonize the middle， which is mainly used to treat a series of diseases of digestive and respiratory systems. However， potential adverse reactions， including allergies， purpura and disulfiram-like reactions， should be considered during clinical use. Huoxiang Zhengqisan features a rational composition， extensive clinical application， and strong potential for further research and development.

In this study， bibliometric methods were used to systematically investigate the name and origin， the evolution of prescription composition， dose evolution， origin and processing method， decoction method， ancient application， modified application， modern application and other information of Huoxiang Zhengqisan. After research， Huoxiang Zhengqisan， also known as Huoxiang Zhengqitang， was first recorded in Taiping Huimin Hejijufang. The original formula is composed of 41.3 g of Arecae Pericarpium， 41.3 g of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix， 41.3 g of Perilla frutescens（actually Perillae Folium）， 41.3 g of Poria， 82.6 g of Pinelliae Rhizoma， 82.6 g of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， 82.6 g of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium（actually Citri Exocarpium Rubbum）， 82.6 g of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， 82.6 g of Platycodonis Radix， 123.9 g of Pogostemonis Herba， and 103.25 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. In this formula， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex is processed according to the specifications for ginger-processed products， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is processed according to the specifications for stir-fried products， and other herbs are used in their raw products. The botanical sources of the herbs are consistent with the 2020 edition of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. The above herbs are ground into a fine powder with a particle size passing through a No. 5 sieve. For each dose， take 8.26 g of the powdered formula， add 300 mL of water， along with 3 g of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and 3 g of Jujubae Fructus， and decoct until reduced to 140 mL. The decoction should be administered hot， with three times daily. To induce sweating， the patient should be kept warm under a quilt， and an additional dose should be prepared and taken if needed. This formula is traditionally used to relieve the exterior and resolve dampness， regulate Qi and harmonize the middle， which is mainly used to treat a series of diseases of digestive and respiratory systems. However， potential adverse reactions， including allergies， purpura and disulfiram-like reactions， should be considered during clinical use. Huoxiang Zhengqisan features a rational composition， extensive clinical application， and strong potential for further research and development.

OBJECTIVE To resolve account discrepancies caused by drug price adjustment in medical institution pharmacy management and reduce the time required for price adjustment. METHODS The problems existing in the drug price adjustment models of domestic medical institutions were investigated， and a drug price adjustment system was developed based on price- invoice synchronization mechanism. The system optimized the drug price adjustment process through batch number matching and real-time monitoring functionalities. The account consistency rate and price adjustment time were evaluated before and after system implementation. RESULTS A drug price adjustment system was successfully developed， featuring an innovative “synchronized entry and exit” mode， batch number matching， real-time monitoring， intelligent automation， and electronic traceability. After implementation， the account consistency rate for Western medicines increased from 86.89% （86.66%， 89.63%） to 100% （100%， 100%） （P＝0.005）， while Chinese patent medicines and herbal medicines maintained a 100% （100%， 100%） account consistency rate. Concurrently， the drug price adjustment time significantly decreased from 6.00 （5.00， 7.00）d to 2.50 （1.50， 3.00） d （P＜ 0.001）. CONCLUSIONS The developed system significantly improves account consistency， shortens price adjustment time， and demonstrates notable innovation and practical utility.

Lianggesan was first recorded in Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang， which was composed of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， Natrii Sulfas， Gardeniae Fructus， Forsythiae Fructus， Scutellariae Radix， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma（GRR）， Menthae Haplocalycis Herba， Lophatheri Herba and Mel. It was clinically applied to treat fire-heat syndrome in the upper and middle Jiao， and the curative effect was positive. In this study， the bibliometric method was used to conduct a detailed textual research on the formula name， medicinal composition， dosage evolution， origin and processing， functional indications and other aspects of Lianggesan. Research revealed that Lianggesan has six other names， such as Lianqiao Yinzi， Lianqiao Jiedusan， Jufang Lianggesan， Jiegu Lianggesan， Hejian Lianggesan and Qingji Lianggesan. Based on the edition of Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang， an analysis of the evolution of its formula composition revealed that the missing Chinese medicines were predominantly bamboo leaves and honey， while the added Chinese medicines were primarily supplements introduced to address changes in disease manifestations. After textual research， the dosage for one dose of Lianggesan from Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang was as follows：826 g of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， 826 g of Natrii Sulfas， 826 g of GRR， 413 g of Gardeniae Fructus， 413 g of Menthae Haplocalycis Herba， 413 g of Scutellariae Radix， and 1652 g of Forsythiae Fructus. Decocting method was as following：Grinding the Chinese medicines into coarse powder（2-4 mm）， taking 8.16 g per dose， adding 300 mL of water， along with 2 g of Lophatheri Herba and 5 g of Mel， and decocting to 140 mL. The residue was removed and taken warmly 30 min after meals. It was recommended to take it three times daily until improvement was achieved. The origins of the 9 Chinese medicines were consistent with the 2020 edition of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. Except for GRR， which required single frying（stir-frying）， the remaining medicines were all raw products. The description of the function of this formula in ancient books was summarized as purging fire and promoting bowel movements， clearing heat from the upper body and purging the lower body， and the main syndromes included facial redness， tongue swelling， red eyes， etc. In modern applications， the formula is primarily used for respiratory and digestive system diseases， including acute lung injury， chronic obstructive pulmonary disease， herpetic angina and aphthous stomatitis， covering 142 types of diseases. In summary， this paper can provide a basis for further research and development of Lianggesan through the literature review and key information combing.

Objective To explore the application value of CT radiomics and high-resolution MRI deep neural network in predicting lymph node metastasis(LNM)of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A total of 420 NSCLC patients were selected and randomly divided into training group(294 cases)and test group(126 cases)in a ratio of 7∶3.Lymph nodes were annotated using the MRIcroGL software,and radiomics features were extracted from thin-section CT images.Various feature screening methods were applied to optimize the features.A CT radiomics model was established using a support vector machine(SVM),and a high-res-olution MRI deep neural network model incorporating convolutional layers was constructed.Then the model performances were eval-uated,and the diagnostic efficacy of CT,MRI,and the combined models were compared using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression identified 8 CT imaging features.The area under the curve(AUC)of the SVM model in the training and test groups were 0.755 and 0.765,and those of the high-resolu-tion MRI deep neural network model in the training and test groups were 0.884 and 0.899,respectively,demonstrating a high pre-dictive value.Conclusion The combined model of CT radiomics and high-resolution MRI deep neural network demonstrates superi-or performance in predicting LNM in NSCLC patients and holds significant clinical application value.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of LncRNA MEG3 on the retina in early-stage diabetic rats through regulation of the COX-2/PGE2/VEGF signaling pathway.Methods 50 male SD rats of SPF grade were selected for the study.Among them,10 rats were assigned to the control group,while 40 rats were used to establish diabetic retinopathy models.A total of 32 rats successfully underwent modeling and were subsequently divided into four groups(n=8 per group):model group,negative control group,MEG3 overexpression group,and MEG3 overexpression+COX-2 inhibitor group.Histopathological changes,vascular permeability,glucose and lipid metabolism,inflammatory factors,oxidative stress indices,PGE2 levels,as well as the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of COX-2 and VEGF were evaluated in each group.Results Compared with the control group,HDL-C,CAT,GSH-PX,and SOD levels were significantly decreased,whereas the mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular permeability,TG,TC,LDL-C,IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MDA,PGE2,COX-2,and VEGF were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the negative control group,HDL-C,CAT,GSH-PX,and SOD levels were significantly increased in the MEG3 overexpression group,while the mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular permeability,TG,TC,LDL-C,IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MDA,PGE2,COX-2,and VEGF were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the MEG3 overexpression group,HDL-C,CAT,GSH-PX,and SOD levels were further increased in the MEG3 overexpression+COX-2 inhibitor group,and the mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular permeability,TG,TC,LDL-C,IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MDA,PGE2,COX-2,and VEGF were further decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion LncRNA MEG3 is capable of regulating the COX-2/PGE2/VEGF pathway,enhancing glucose and lipid metabolism in rats,suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors,attenuating stress responses,and alleviating diabetic retinopathy.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of cornuside on diabetic retinopathy(DR)in rats and ana-lyze the acting mechanism of the reactive oxygen species(ROS)/thioredoxin interacting protein(TXNIP)/NOD-like recep-tor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3)signaling pathway in this process.Methods A total of 56 suc-cessfully modeled DR rats were randomly divided into the model group,the cornuside 20 mg·kg-1 group,the cornuside 40 mg·kg-1 group,the calcium dobesilate 5.8 mg·kg-1 group,with 14 rats in each group;while,meanwhile another 14 healthy rats were selected as the control group.After the corresponding intervention of rats in each group,retinal tissue in-flammation,oxidative stress indicators,fasting blood glucose(FBG),and angiogenic factor levels were detected by the en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transfer-ase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)staining were used to observe retinal histopathology and retinal cell apoptosis,re-spectively.The mRNA expression of ROS,TXNIP,and NLRP3 in the retinal tissue was detected by the quantitative fluores-cence polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The apoptosis of retinal cells and the protein expression of the ROS/TXNIP/NL-RP3 signaling pathway were detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the control group,the model group showed disordered arrangement of retinal cells and a significant decrease in the cell number,accompanied by nuclear con-densation and edema;interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),malondialdehyde(MDA),FBG,angiopoie-tin-1(Ang-1),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),retinal cell apoptosis rate,ROS,and the mRNA and protein ex-pression levels of TXNIP and NLRP3 increased significantly,while superoxide dismutase(SOD)and B cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)protein expression levels decreased significantly(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the arrangement of retinal cells in the cornuside 20 mg·kg-1 group,the cornuside 40 mg·kg-1 group,and the calcium dobesilate 5.8 mg·kg-1 group gradually became normal,the number of retinal cells increased,and the nuclear condensation and edema were relieved;IL-6,TNF-α,MDA,FBG,Ang-1,VEGF,retinal cell apoptosis rate,ROS,and the mRNA and protein expression level of TXNIP and NLRP3 decreased significantly,while the protein expression level of SOD and Bcl-2 increased signifi-cantly(all P＜0.05).In the intergroup comparison of the pathological damage of retinal tissue and the improvement degree of the above quantitative indexes in DR rats,the cornuside 40 mg·kg-1group was superior to the cornusin 20 mg·kg-1 group(all P＜0.05);the calcium dobesilate 5.8 mg·kg-1 group was superior to the cornusin 20 mg·kg-1 group,but infe-rior to the cornuside 40 mg·kg-1 group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Cornuside can mitigate retinal inflammation,oxi-dative stress,and pathological damage in DR rats and inhibit blood glucose,retinal angiogenesis,and cell apoptosis.The acting mechanism of cornuside may be related to the inhibition of the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of LncRNA MEG3 on the retina in early-stage diabetic rats through regulation of the COX-2/PGE2/VEGF signaling pathway.Methods 50 male SD rats of SPF grade were selected for the study.Among them,10 rats were assigned to the control group,while 40 rats were used to establish diabetic retinopathy models.A total of 32 rats successfully underwent modeling and were subsequently divided into four groups(n=8 per group):model group,negative control group,MEG3 overexpression group,and MEG3 overexpression+COX-2 inhibitor group.Histopathological changes,vascular permeability,glucose and lipid metabolism,inflammatory factors,oxidative stress indices,PGE2 levels,as well as the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of COX-2 and VEGF were evaluated in each group.Results Compared with the control group,HDL-C,CAT,GSH-PX,and SOD levels were significantly decreased,whereas the mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular permeability,TG,TC,LDL-C,IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MDA,PGE2,COX-2,and VEGF were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the negative control group,HDL-C,CAT,GSH-PX,and SOD levels were significantly increased in the MEG3 overexpression group,while the mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular permeability,TG,TC,LDL-C,IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MDA,PGE2,COX-2,and VEGF were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the MEG3 overexpression group,HDL-C,CAT,GSH-PX,and SOD levels were further increased in the MEG3 overexpression+COX-2 inhibitor group,and the mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular permeability,TG,TC,LDL-C,IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,MDA,PGE2,COX-2,and VEGF were further decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion LncRNA MEG3 is capable of regulating the COX-2/PGE2/VEGF pathway,enhancing glucose and lipid metabolism in rats,suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors,attenuating stress responses,and alleviating diabetic retinopathy.