Central hiccup frequently occurs secondary to stroke and is not solely attributed to gastric disharmony with ascending counterflow qi disturbing the diaphragm.It is also associated with post-stroke orifice obstruction with spirit concealment and failure of the spirit to guide qi.In treatment,regulating qi movement and simultaneous brain-diaphragm intervention warrant attention.The foot shaoyang gallbladder meridian interconnects the head,neck,diaphragm,and thorax through its pathway,and as a shaoyang meridian,it plays a pivotal role in coordinating qi dynamics.This study investigates the theoretical and structural foundations for treating central hiccup via the gallbladder meridian,based on meridian-viscera theory and the reflex arc of hiccup.By analyzing the meridian-viscera relationships between the gallbladder meridian and the pathological loci of central hiccup,this study elucidates its etiology and pathogenesis,proposing a gallbladder meridian-oriented therapeutic approach to provide novel clinical insights.

Background and objective Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor all over the world, and Ca2+is a critical regulator for apoptosis of cancer cells. hTe monitoring of cytoplastic Ca2+level in real-time will contribute to further investigate the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis mediated by Ca2+in lung cancer cells. To evaluate the Ca2+indicator lfuo-3 and lfuo-4 in the process of H2O2 induced the apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. hTe cytoplastic Ca2+concentration ([Ca2+]i) was determined in real-time, and the correlations between [Ca2+]i and cell apoptosis were investigated. hTe differences in lfuorescence intensity and measured value were compared between the two Ca2+indicators. Methods Cells were loaded with the Ca2+indicator lfuo-3 or lfuo-4 for 1 h, and then stimulated with 50 mM H2O2. Laser scanning confocal microscope was applied to perform real-time monitoring on the variation of [Ca2+]i in selected cells. DAPI staining was used to observe apop-tosis in H2O2 treated cells. Results Our results showed that the lfuorescence intensity of lfuo-4 was stronger than that of lfuo-3 in the same condition of dye concentration, loading time and image acquisition parameters before or atfer H2O2 stimulation. hTe cytoplastic [Ca2+]i was rapidly elevated in H2O2 stimulated A549 cells. hTe range of [Ca2+]i in selected cells loaded with lfuo-3 was 112.2 nM-1,069.6 nM, and that in selected cells loaded with lfuo-4 was 7.6 nM-505.4 nM. Moreover, the apoptotic rate was signiifcantly increased in H2O2 treated cells, compared with untreated ones (P<0.01). Conclusion In summary, H2O2 promoted Ca2+release in A549 cells, and induced cell apoptosis. Ca2+indicator lfuo-4 was probably more applicable to measure [Ca2+]i in cells with less content of Ca2+.

Objective To observe the effect of comprehensive community intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in metabolic syndrome (MS) high risk group.Methods One hundred MS high risk patients were divided into intervention group (50 patients) and control group (50 patients) by random digits table.The intervention group accepted intervention on health education,health action,health habit and individual intervention on drug.The control group accepted natural intervention.The changes of waistcircumference,body mass index (BMI),blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose (FPG),lipids and serum uric acid (UA) were observed.Results In intervention group,the number of physical exercise,alimentary control and medication compliance increased 12％,16％ and 18％,and the number of smoking and alcohol drinking decreased 8％ and 6％.But in control group,the number of physical exercise,alimentary control,medication compliance increased 2％,0 and 4％,and the number of smoking and alcohol drinking decreased 4％ and 2％.There was significant difference (P＜ 0.05).Before treatment,the level of waist circumference,BMI,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,FPG,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and UA between two groups had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).After 1 year's intervention,except HDL-C,the level of other index had significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Comprehensive community intervention can improve the status of obesity and dyslipidemia,and reduce blood pressure,plasma glucose and UA.

Background and objective Heparanase has been thought to be a good molecular marker of tumor, and the heparanase expression level was correlated closely with tumor metastasis. In this study, we investigate the effects of heparanase on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis of lung cancer and the relationship between heparanase expression and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C).Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of heparanase, VEGF, VEGF-C protein and microvascular density (MVD), lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in 115 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 45 cases of adjacent normal tissue samples.Results Our results showed that heparanase expression was significantly increased in 91 (79.13%) of the 115 cases and correlated with lymph node metastasis (node positive rate 87.0%; node negative rate 36.8%; P=0.003). Heparanase positive expression cases have significantly higher concentration of microvascular density (MVD) and lymphatic vessd density (LVD) as compared with heparanase negative expression cases (P<0.01, P<0.01, respectively), heparanase expression was significantly correlated with VEGF, VEGF-C expression in NSCLC.Conclusion Heparanase overexpression was associated with angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis of lung cancer, targeting ofheparanase may represent a significant therapeutic potential for lung cancer.