Objective:To investigate the current situation of coping styles in Crohn's disease patients and its related influencing factors.Methods:A total of 80 patients with Crohn's disease admitted to our hospital from Apri 2021 to Dec 2022 were selected to evaluate their coping styles with a simple coping style questionnaire,and relevant data were collected.The factors affecting the coping styles of Crohn's disease were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression.Results:Among the 80 patients,29 cases were negative coping,the incidence was 36.25% .There were 51 patients with positive coping(63.75% ).Educational level,simplified Crohn's disease activity index(CDAI)score,adverse psychology,social support and type D personality were associated with negative coping(P＜0.05).Gender,age,family history,working status,monthly family income,place of residence,and marital status were not associated with negative coping in patients with Crohn's disease(P＞0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that education level of high school or below(OR=2.945,95% CI:1.139-7.614),higher CDAI score(OR=11.999,95% CI:4.387-32.815),poor psychology(OR=5.950,95% CI:2.180-16.239),low social support(OR=3.598,95% CI:1.370-9.448)and type D personality(OR=3.208,95% CI:1.118-8.904)were risk factors for negative coping in patients with Crohn's disease(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The incidence of negative coping in patients with Crohn's disease is higher,which is related to high school education or below,high CDAI score,poor psychology,low social support,and type D personality.Therefore,clinical measures can be taken to promote patients to actively cope with the disease.

AIM:To explore the protective effect of Xiaoxuming decoction(XXMD)on synaptic plasticity in the context of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury following ischemic stroke.METHODS:An oxygen-glucose depriva-tion/reoxygenation(OGD/R)model was employed in vitro using mouse hippocampal neurons(HT22 cells)to simulate ischemia-reperfusion injury.Cell viability was assessed using a CCK-8 assay to determine the optimal XXMD concentra-tion.The HT22 cells were divided into two groups:control and model(OGD/R).Cellular morphological changes were ob-served using an inverted microscope.The levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in the supernatant were quantified by ELISA.Ultrastructural changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy.Immunofluorescence staining was used to de-tect neuron markers NeuN and synaptic proteins NF200 and MAP2.The protein levels of NF200 and MAP2 were analyzed by Western blot.RESULTS:The highest cell survival rate occurred at an XXMD concentration of 100 mg/L(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the cells in model group exhibited round shape and shrinkage,mitochondrial swelling or vacuolization,and a marked decrease in survival rate.There were significant increases in IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α levels(P<0.05).Immunofluorescence intensity and protein levels of NeuN,NF200 and MAP2 were notably reduced(P<0.05).Treatment with XXMD improved cell morphology,ultrastructure and survival rate(P<0.05),and decreased in-flammatory factor levels(P<0.05).Compared with model group,the cells in OGD/R+XXMD group showed significantly increased immunofluorescence intensity and protein levels of NeuN,NF200 and MAP2(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Xiaoxuming decoction may mitigate OGD/R-induced injury,potentially by inhibiting inflammatory responses and enhanc-ing synaptic plasticity.

AIM:To investigate the molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)SNHG1 in regu-lating ferroptosis to alleviate inflammation in CHME-5 human microglia induced by HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop.METHODS:CHME-5 human microglia were cultured in vitro,and were divided into 7 groups:blank group,random peptide group,gp120 V3 loop group(HIV-1 gp120 group),HIV-1 gp120+shCon group,HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2 group,HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2+ferrostatin-1(Fer-1;ferroptosis inhibitor)group,and HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2+EX527(Sirt1 in-hibitor)group.Normal CHME-5 cells were treated with random peptide or gp120 V3 loop for 24 h.After pretreatment of SNHG1 sh2 cells with inhibitors for 2 h,the cells were then treated with gp120 V3 loop for 24 h.The levels of inflammato-ry cytokines in the cell supernatants were detected by ELISA.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),Sirt1 and p53.Microplate reader was used to detect the levels of intracellular ferrous ion(Fe2+)and malondialdehyde(MDA).RESULTS:(1)The results of ELISA showed that the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and IL-1β in HIV-1 gp120 group were significantly higher than those in blank group(P<0.05).Compared with HIV-1 gp120 group,the ex-pression levels of inflammatory cytokines in HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2 group,the expression levels of inflammatory factors in HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2+Fer-1 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),but those in HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2+EX527 group were significant-ly increased(P<0.01).(2)The results of Western blot showed that compared with blank group,the expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins SLC7A11 and GPX4 in HIV-1 gp120 group were significantly down-regulated(P<0.01).Com-pared with HIV-1 gp120 group,the expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 in HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2 group were sig-nificantly up-regulated(P<0.01).Compared with HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2 group,the expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 in HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2+Fer-1 group were significantly up-regulated(P<0.05),but the expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 in HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2+EX527 group were significantly down-regulated(P<0.01),and the expression level of p53 was significantly up-regulated(P<0.05).(3)Compared with blank group,the levels of Fe2+and MDA in HIV-1 gp120 group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with HIV-1 gp120 group,the levels of Fe2+and MDA in HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2 group were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2 group,Fe2+and MDA in HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2+Fer-1 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),but those in HIV-1 gp120+SNHG1 sh2+EX527 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Knockdown of SNHG1 can attenuate the inflammation in microglia induced by HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop,which may be achieved by regulating ferrop-tosis-related signaling molecules through the Sirt1/p53 signaling pathway.

Objective To observe the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT semi-quantitative parameters for predicting spread through air spaces(STAS)of clinical stage Ⅰa—Ⅲa lung adenocarcinoma.Methods Data of 85 patients with clinical stage Ⅰa—Ⅲ a lung adenocarcinoma who underwent preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into positive group(n=23)or negative group(n=62)according to whether pathology showed STAS or not.Clinical and PET/CT data were compared between groups,and logistic analysis was performed to explore the efficacy of each parameter for predicting STAS.Results Significant differences of gender,carcinoma embryonic antigen,clinical stage,pathological grade,micropapillary growth and proportion were found between groups(all P＜0.05).The maximum,the mean,the peak standard uptake value(SUVmax,SUVmean,SUVpeak),as well as the maximum,the mean and the peak standard uptake value normalized by lean body mass(SULmax,SULmean,SULpeak),also the total lesion glycolysis(TLG)in positive group were all significantly higher than those in negative group(all P＜0.05).Patients'gender,proportion of micropapillary growth,SUVmax and SULmax were all independent risk factors of STAS of clinical stage Ⅰa—Ⅲa lung adenocarcinoma.The area under the curve(AUC)of the above parameters for predicting STAS was 0.666,0.912,0.839 and 0.842,respectively,and of the combination was 0.957.Conclusion 18 F-FDG PET/CT semi-quantitative parameters SUVmax and SULmax were helpful for predicting STAS of clinical stage Ⅰa—Ⅲ a lung adenocarcinoma,and further combination of gender and proportion of micropapillary growth could improve diagnostic efficacy.

Epigenetics,a branch of molecular biology,plays a pivotal role in the pathological progression of ischemic stroke.Epigenetic modifications are intricately involved in the complex and dynamic processes that regulate gene expression,cellular injury response,motor function,and cognitive ability following stroke.This provides an effective framework for elucidating the targets and mechanisms of action underlying traditional Chinese medicine's treatment of ischemic stroke.Currently,the etiology and pathogenesis of ischemic stroke remain incompletely understood,with modern medical treatments still lacking sufficient efficacy.Traditional Chinese medicine possesses a unique advantage in treating ischemic stroke through its multi-level and multi-target comprehensive regulation.Recent studies have discovered that traditional Chinese medicine can participate in regulating abnormal epigenetic modifications during stroke treatment.This article primarily focuses on the theoretical foundation of traditional Chinese medicine for strokes by exploring its application in DNA methylation,non-coding RNA,histone modification research as well as explaining the epigenetic effects it exerts when treating strokes.The aim is to provide insights for future research and development of traditional Chinese medicine for cerebral ischemia.

Objective To evaluate the changes of hypoxic conditions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients before and after radiotherapy and assess the value of 18F-fluoromisonidzaole (FMISO)PET/CT for radiotherapy efficacy evaluation.Methods A total of 21 NSCLC patients (15 males,6 females,age 30-74 years) from January 2014 to October 2016 were prospectively enrolled.18F-FMISO PET/CT was performed before and after radiotherapy,and all patients underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)PET/CT before radiotherapy.Routine chest CT was performed at the 3rd and 6th month after radiotherapy.The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of tumor and muscle,tumor volume and hypoxic volume (HV) were measured.Tumor-to-muscle (T/M) value of 18F-FMISO was calculated,and T/M ≥ 1.3 was considered as the hypoxia cut-off value.Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation,paired t test,signed rank sum test and Wilcoxon rank sum test.Results Totally 81.0％(17/21) of NSCLC patients had hypoxia.There were significant positive correlations between 18F-FMISO T/M value and tumor volume or 18F-FDG SUVmax(r:0.72,0.60,both P＜0.05).The T/M value after radiotherapy was significantly lower than that before radiotherapy (1.42± 1.12 vs 2.08±0.71;t =3.62,P＜0.05),and median HV was also significantly lower than that before radiotherapy (6.53 vs 12.41 cm3;z =-3.83,P＜0.05).The median T/M values of effective group (n =14) and ineffective group (n =7) before radiotherapy were significantly different (2.14 vs 2.87;z=-2.27,P＜0.05),and the median HV of 2 groups before radiotherapy was also significantly different (6.43 vs 10.20 cm3;z=-2.14,P＜0.05).Conclusions Most NSCLC patients have hypoxia before radiotherapy.The larger tumor volume,the higher degree of hypoxia.Radiotherapy can alleviate the hypoxia of tumors.18F-FMISO PET/CT imaging before radiotherapy can be used to predict the efficacy of patients with NSCLC.

Objective To explore the correlations between intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters measured at different time points and histopathological markers in an orthotopic xenograft hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) nude mice model. Methods A total of 40 HCC orthotopic bearing mouse models were established. When they grew to 21 days, 10 HCC-bearing mice were randomly selected as the baseline group (Group A) by a numeric table method. Then the rest mice were randomly selected on the 28th day, 35th day, and 42nd day of the growth by using the same method, 10 each for B, C, and D groups, respectively. All mice underwent MR IVIM study and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*) and perfusion fraction (f) were measured. After the MRI scanning, the tumors were removed for pathological examination. The necrosis score (NF), tumor size and microvessel density (MVD) were calculated. The IVIM parameters were compared among these 4 groups by Kruskal-Wallis H test and the correlations between these IVIM parameters and histological features were studied with Spearman rank correlation test. Results One tumor in each of C and D groups was excluded because f values of IVIM were close to zero. There were significant differences found in ADC and D among all the 4 groups (P＜0.05). However, no difference was found in D*and f (P＞0.05). Compared with the baseline (group A), ADC decreased significantly at 7 and 14 days, whilst D decreased significantly at 7 days. The differences in tumor size, MVD and NF between the 4 groups were statistically significant. Compared with the baseline, the tumor size and NF significantly increased at 7, 14 and 21 days, and MVD increased at 14 and 21 days. Significantly positive correlations were demonstrated between ADC and MVD, NF (r=0.461 and 0.442, P＜0.05), between D and MVD, NF (r=0.568 and 0.519, P＜0.05) after exclusion of the data from the baseline. The parameter f from all the time points including the baseline was positively correlated with histological MVD and NF (r=0.590 and 0.458, P＜0.05). Conclusion IVIM parameters may reflect the intratumoral vascularity, tumor cell proliferation and necrosis of HCC, and they are correlated with the pathological indicators.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features,spectrum and case fatality of malignant tumor patients in Shenzhen city,to provide evidence for the development of prevention and treatment strategies on malignant tumor in Shenzhen.Methods All the hospitalized malignant tumor patients including deaths,were monitored from 1995 to 2014 in Shenzhen,and data was analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software.Results There were 160 988 inpatients of malignant tumors between 1995 and 2014 in Shenzhen.The top three hospitalized tumors were lung (13.64％),liver (11.13％) and breast (7.86％) cancers.Numbers of the malignant tumor inpatients had been rapidly increasing during the past 20 years,12.3 times in 2014 higher than in 1995.The total number of deaths due to malignant tumors was 19 460.Deaths of the top three malignant tumors were lung (24.40％),liver (19.84％) and colorectal (8.63％) cancers and the number of deaths was increasing,12.5 times higher in 2014 than in 1995.The overall case fatality rate was 12.09％.The annual percent change (APC) of malignant tumors case fatality rate was 9.7％(95％CI:2.0％-18.0％),during 1995-2003,with an increasing trend (t=2.72,P＜0.05).The APC of case fatality rate during 2003-2014 was-3.4％(95％CI:-7.6％-1.1％),but the decreasing trend (t=-1.63,P＞0.05) was not statistically significant.The top three major malignant tumors related to case fatality rate were lung cancer (21.62％),liver cancer (21.39％),and esophageal cancer (16.50％).The case fatality rates of leukemia and liver cancer had decreased during the past 20 years.The case fatality rates of cancers in lung,esophagus,stomach,breast,colorectal and nasopharyngeal,had all increased.The number of male patients was significantly exceeding the females (x2=41.691,P＜0.01),with sex ratio as 1.65:1.From age 35 and on,the number of deaths due to malignant tumors increased significantly,with the peak after 60 years of age.Conclusions The number of malignant tumor inpatients had an annual increase as well as the case fatality rate.Cancers in lung,liver appeared the leading causes of death among the malignant tumor patients,with elderly in particular.Strategies related to the prevention and treatment of cancers in lung,liver should be strengthened.

Objective To observe the oral part of the facial artery and facial vein and to provide anatomical data for clinical applica-tion. Methods The origin, branches, course, diameter, position of oral part of facial artery and facial vein were observed on 32 fixed cada-ves (64 sides). Results The position relation between the facial artery and facial vein is non-constant. Measure the distance from inferior border of mandible to corner of the mouth, angulus mandibulae, mental protuberance midpoint. It is (5. 49 ± 0. 63) cm, (2. 50 ± 0. 89) cm and (6. 20 ± 1. 68) cm in the left side respectively, and (5. 69 ± 0. 72) cm, (2. 56 ± 1. 08) cm and (6. 85 ± 1. 86) cm in the right side re-spectively. The diameter of facial artery in inferior border of mandible is (0. 33 ± 0. 08) cm in the left side and (0. 38 ± 0. 07) cm in the right side;while the diameter of facial vein is (0. 40 ± 0. 12) cm in the left side and (0. 42 ± 0. 18) cm in the right side. The facial artery and facial vein are not concomitant and they are not asymmetry also. The position of superior labial artery arteries is constant, but the position of inferior labial artery arteries have more variations. Conclusion The branches, course, diameter and position of oral part of facial artery and facial vein have a number of variations. The superior labial artery arteries could be positioned more easily than inferior labial artery arter-ies. Being familiar with their distribution is of great importance for clinical application.

Objective To explore the narcotic effects of different puncture in combined spinal-epidural block anesthesia for urological Surgery.Methods 108 cases of urologic surgery were selected.The patients were randomly divided into the two groups according to digital meter (each group had 54 cases).Both groups were treated with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.The anesthesia puncture of group A were in lumbar intervertebral 2-3,the anesthesia puncture of Group b were in lumbar intervertebral 3-4.The respects of the two groups were observed and compared such as blood pressure before and after anesthesia,initial anesthesia plane,the time the drug arrived to the sixth thoracic vertebrae,additional lidocaine dose during the operations anesthesia quality rate and anesthesia side effects.Resuits The blood pressures of the patients of group A were significantly lower than those of group B 5 minutes after anesthesia (t =2.73,2.29,2.29,all P ＜ 0.05),the incidence of adverse reactions of Group B such as nausea,vomiting,low blood pressure,difficulty in breathing (24.1％,14.8％),was significantly lower than incidence of group A (44.4％,and 13.0％,x2 =4.97,5.07,4.86,all P ＜ 0.05) the set of initial plane of anesthesia of group a was significantly higher than that of group B (t =2.91,P ＜ 0.05),the time the drug arriving to the sixth thoracic vertebrae,of group A was significantly shorter than group B (t =2.42,P ＜ 0.05) the amounts of additional lidocaine dose of Group A during the operations were significantly less than group A (t =2.61,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the anesthesia quality rate (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Selecting L3-4 puncture points in combined spinalepidural anesthesia can significantly reduce incidence of adverse reactions such as nausea,vomiting,low blood pressure and difficulty in breathing compared with selecting L2-3 puncture during urology surgery procedure.It can also reduce pain during operations.Though there are significant differences in initial level of anesthesia,the time the drug arrive to the sixth thoracic vertebrae and additional lidocaine doses,leading no effects on superior rate of anesthesia.Thus the clinical significance is not very big.