Pulmonary complications， the most common postoperative complications of lung cancer， not only affect the quality of life of the patients after surgery but also increase the prognostic risks of postoperative recurrence and metastasis， threatening the life safety. At present， a multidisciplinary model of diagnosis and rehabilitation with integrated traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and Western medicine has been initially formed under the guidance of the concept of rapid rehabilitation post operation for lung cancer. However， the treatment that only aims at shortening hospital stay and reducing the incidence of postoperative complications does not pay enough attention to the postoperative functional rehabilitation of the lung and the impact of follow-up adjuvant therapy， which affects the completeness of rehabilitation. This paper classifies the typical postoperative symptoms and manifestations of lung cancer into five groups： Lung system， emotion， digestive tract， pain， and nerve. On this basis， this paper summarizes the three core pathogeneses of postoperative complications of lung cancer as failure of Qi to ascend and descend leading to insecurity of defensive exterior， vessel block leading to Qi stagnation and fluid retention， and lung Qi deficiency leading to spleen and kidney deficiency. Accordingly， this paper proposes the treatment principle of protecting healthy Qi and treating Qi with the core of descending-tonifying-ascending-dispersing Qi and puts forward three treatment methods. The first is replenishing Qi and consolidating exterior， and expelling phlegm and regulating lung. The second is replenishing Qi and promoting blood flow to resolve stasis and relieving pain. The third is replenishing Qi and tonifying lung， and invigorating spleen and tonifying kidney. Furthermore， this paper elaborates on the pathogenesis and treatment principles of four common postoperative complications： Lung infection， pleural effusion， atelectasis， and bronchopleural fistula. On the basis of Western medical treatment， the TCM treatment characteristics of treating symptoms in the acute phase and eradicating the root cause in the chronic phase should be played. While dispelling the pathogen， measures should be taken to protect the healthy Qi， including tonifying lung Qi， regulating spleen Qi， and replenishing kidney Qi. This study summarizes the pathogenesis and treatment strategy of common postoperative complications of lung cancer according to the principle of protecting healthy Qi and treating Qi， aiming to provide guidance for the future treatment of postoperative complications of lung cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Huoxue Shufeng Granules (HXSFG) for alleviating central sensitization in a mouse model of chronic migraine (CM). METHODS: We analyzed the main chemical components of HXSFG through literature review and explored their pharmacological mechanisms by bioinformatics analyses. In a male C57BL/6J mouse model of CM established by intraperitoneal injections of nitroglycerin (10 mg/kg) every other day (5 injections), the effects of gavage with low, and high doses of HXSFG or intraperitoneal injections of topiramate for ameliorating central sensitization were evaluated using Von Frey test and a hot plate apparatus; the changes in expressions of inflammatory factors, the proteins in the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway, and activation of c-Fos and CGRP were detected using RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: Network pharmacology analysis suggested that the main active components in HXSFG for alleviating CM included formononetin, paeoniflorin, quercetin, and tanshinone. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 492 GO entries, comprising 366 biological processes, 46 cellular components, and 80 molecular functions. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the Toll-like receptor and NF‑κB signaling pathways were crucial in mediating the therapeutic effects of HXSFG on CM. In the mouse models of CM, both topiramate and HXSFG treatments alleviated the symptoms of central sensitization, evidenced by improved mechanical and thermal pain thresholds in the mice. HXSFG significantly reduced the expression of c-Fos and CGRP, improved inflammatory markers, and downregulated the expressions of TLR4, p-NF‑κB, IL-1β, and TNF‑α proteins in the mouse models. CONCLUSIONS HXSFG effectively alleviates central sensitization in CM mice by modulating the inflammatory pathways and inhibiting the TLR4/ NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic option for CM.
Animals ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism* ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Mice ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Migraine Disorders/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Inflammation

Objective To determine the effect of baicalein on high glucose-induced cardiac fibro-blast pyroptosis based on the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)/cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-1(Caspase-1)/gasdermin D(GSDMD)pathway.Methods Rat cardiac fibroblasts were grouped into control,high glucose group,low-,medium-and high-dose baicalein(H-,M-and L-baicalein)groups,and H-baicalein+NLRP3 agonist(BMS-986299)group.Except for the control group,all other groups were cultured in DMEM medium containing 40 mmol/L glucose,then 12.5,25 and 50 μmol/L baicalein was added into the medium correspondingly,and 1 μmol/L BMS-986299 was used to treat the H-baicalein+NLRP3 agonist group.Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)cytotoxicity assay were employed to detect cell cytotoxicity.qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to determine the expression of NLRP3,Caspase-1,and GSDMD at mRNA and protein levels.Results High glucose treatment induced more EdU positive cells,higher pyroptotic rate,stronger cytotoxicity,higher Col-Ⅰ and Col-Ⅲ contents,and enhanced mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3,Caspase-1 and GSDMD in comparison to the control group(P＜0.05).The H-baicalein+NLRP3 agonist group had more EdU positive cells(26.85±2.95 cells vs 15.43±1.82 cells,P＜0.05),higher pyroptotic rate[(33.45±4.02)％vs(17.34±2.15)％,P＜0.05],stronger cytotoxicity[(27.94±2.93)％vs(14.13±1.87)％,P＜0.05],and increased contents of Col-Ⅰ(107.58±13.39 ng/ml vs 58.73±8.36 ng/ml,P＜0.05)and Col-Ⅲ(118.43±13.95 ng/ml vs 68.74±8.57 ng/ml,P＜0.05),and enhanced expression of NLRP3,Caspase-1 and GSDMD at both mRNA and protein levels(P＜0.05)when compared with the H-baicalein group.Conclusion Baicalein inhibits high glucose-induced cardiac fibroblast pyroptosis by suppressing NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway.

Objective:By analyzing the disease spectrum and composition of inpatients in general surgery department of a children′s hospital in Beijing from January 2018 to June 2024, to understand the impact of the COVID-19 on the number of inpatients in children′s hospitals and the composition of disease types, and to provide scientific evidence for hospital capacity building and medical response after the outbreak of the epidemic.Methods:The hospitalization medical records of children in the general surgery ward of the children′s hospital from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2024 were collected. SPSS 22.0 software and EXCEL tools were used to analyze the ranking and composition of general surgery diseases in the hospital from three dimensions: different years, different genders, and different age groups. At the same time, the source of children in the hospital was counted by province.Results:Overall, the total number of hospitalized children has shown a significant decrease since 2020, and has since slowly rebounded; Acute appendicitis, inguinal hernia, and common bile duct cyst rank among the top three diseases annually; From a gender perspective, inguinal hernia and acute appendicitis are the most common in male children, while acute appendicitis and common bile duct cysts are the most common in female children; In terms of age, the 1-year-old group has the highest number of patients with inguinal hernia, while the 5-year-old and 10-18-year-old groups have the highest number of patients with acute appendicitis; Compared with 2018-2019, the number of hospitalized children with inguinal hernia decreased sharply in the first half of 2020-2024, and the first priority disease changed from inguinal hernia to acute appendicitis.Conclusions:This study analyzed the disease spectrum and composition of the children′s hospital before and after the COVID-19 epidemic, which has important reference value for the capacity building, resource allocation and epidemic response of the children′s hospital.

Objective To explore the detection rate and distribution characteristics of gene mutations in pa-tients with non-small cell lung cancer,and to analyze their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics.Methods The genetic testing results and clinicopathological data of 213 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent high-throughput genetic testing at the Gene Detection Center,Changchun Cancer Hos-pital from April 2020 to December 2023 were collected.High-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect mutations in 26 genes,and the relationship between the mutation frequency and its distribution and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients was analyzed.Results Among 213 patients with non-small cell lung cancer,192 cases(90.14％)had at least one gene mutation detected.Among them,the genes with rela-tively high mutation frequencies were TP53(60.56％),EGFR(46.48％),KRAS(14.55％),ALK fusion(11.74％),and PIK3CA(8.92％).There were 132 cases(30.28％)of evidence level for Class 1 drugs and 11 cases(2.52％)of evidence level for Class 2 drugs.The incidence of EGFR gene mutations was higher in women,non-smokers and patients with lung adenocarcinoma(P＜0.05).TP53 mutations usually occured in women,smokers and patients with stage Ⅳ.ALK mutations were more common in young patients,while KRAS mutations were more frequently seen in male smokers.Conclusion Analyzing the distribution charac-teristics of gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer and their relationship with clinicopathological charac-teristics can provide a scientific basis for further optimizing genetic testing for patients with non-small cell lung cancer and offer guidance for clinical treatment.

Objective:To conduct a scope review of relevant studies on the application of virtual reality (VR) technology in breast cancer patients, identifying the basic content of interventions, outcome indicators, and application effects, with the aim of providing a reference for clinical healthcare professionals applying this technology.Methods:Based on the research methodology for scope reviews, a computer search was conducted in Chinese and English databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase, with the search period extending to August 31, 2023. A categorical analysis of the included literature was conducted.Results:A total of 15 articles were included, primarily discussing the effects of VR technology on breast cancer patients' physical health, psychological well-being, cognitive function, and quality of life. Intervention frequencies were mainly once or twice daily, or twice weekly, with intervention durations ranging from 10 to 90 minutes and intervention periods from 2 to 12 weeks. VR interventions were found to improve physical function, psychological health, and cognitive function to some extent, increase patient rehabilitation adherence and satisfaction, and improve quality of life.Conclusions:VR technology can be an effective tool to support the treatment of breast cancer patients. However, the design of intervention protocols needs improvement. Future large-sample, multi-center, long-term follow-up randomized controlled trials are needed to verify the application effects of VR technology for breast cancer patients and promote its clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the distribution and epidemiological patterns of hepatitis B virus（HBV）serological markers among pediatric surgical inpatients in Beijing.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from all surgical inpatients（0?18 years of age）at a tertiary children’s hospital in Beijing between January 2019 and December 2024. Five HBV serological markers（HBsAg，anti-HBs，anti-HBc，HBeAg，anti-HBe）were analyzed and compared across sex，age，and ethnicity.Results:Of 15 339 children included，56.50% were male and 43.50% female；the 6?12-year age group predominated（37.41%），and Han ethnicity accounted for 91.61%. The overall positive rates were 0.78% for HBsAg，75.32% for anti-HBs，7.42% for anti-HBc，0.02% for HBeAg，and 3.05% for anti-HBe. The prevalences of “big three-positive”（HBsAg+/HBeAg+/anti-HBc+）and “small three-positive”（HBsAg+/anti-HBe+/anti-HBc+）patterns were only 0.02% and 0.04%，respectively. Boys had significantly higher anti-HBs（76.02% vs 74.40%）and anti-HBc（8.01% vs 6.69%）positivity than girls. HBsAg peaked in the 1?3-year group（1.75%）and was lowest in the 6?12-year group（0.19%）. Anti-HBs reached its highest level in the 3?6-year group（81.25%）and declined to 56.07% in adolescents（12?18 years）. No ethnic differences were observed.Conclusion:Universal HBV vaccination has achieved remarkable success among surgical inpatients in Beijing，as evidenced by high anti-HBs levels and very low rates of active or chronic infection. However，antibody titers wane with age，underscoring the need for targeted booster strategies for school-aged children.

Objective:To investigate the distribution and epidemiological patterns of hepatitis B virus（HBV）serological markers among pediatric surgical inpatients in Beijing.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from all surgical inpatients（0?18 years of age）at a tertiary children’s hospital in Beijing between January 2019 and December 2024. Five HBV serological markers（HBsAg，anti-HBs，anti-HBc，HBeAg，anti-HBe）were analyzed and compared across sex，age，and ethnicity.Results:Of 15 339 children included，56.50% were male and 43.50% female；the 6?12-year age group predominated（37.41%），and Han ethnicity accounted for 91.61%. The overall positive rates were 0.78% for HBsAg，75.32% for anti-HBs，7.42% for anti-HBc，0.02% for HBeAg，and 3.05% for anti-HBe. The prevalences of “big three-positive”（HBsAg+/HBeAg+/anti-HBc+）and “small three-positive”（HBsAg+/anti-HBe+/anti-HBc+）patterns were only 0.02% and 0.04%，respectively. Boys had significantly higher anti-HBs（76.02% vs 74.40%）and anti-HBc（8.01% vs 6.69%）positivity than girls. HBsAg peaked in the 1?3-year group（1.75%）and was lowest in the 6?12-year group（0.19%）. Anti-HBs reached its highest level in the 3?6-year group（81.25%）and declined to 56.07% in adolescents（12?18 years）. No ethnic differences were observed.Conclusion:Universal HBV vaccination has achieved remarkable success among surgical inpatients in Beijing，as evidenced by high anti-HBs levels and very low rates of active or chronic infection. However，antibody titers wane with age，underscoring the need for targeted booster strategies for school-aged children.

Objective To determine the effect of baicalein on high glucose-induced cardiac fibro-blast pyroptosis based on the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)/cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-1(Caspase-1)/gasdermin D(GSDMD)pathway.Methods Rat cardiac fibroblasts were grouped into control,high glucose group,low-,medium-and high-dose baicalein(H-,M-and L-baicalein)groups,and H-baicalein+NLRP3 agonist(BMS-986299)group.Except for the control group,all other groups were cultured in DMEM medium containing 40 mmol/L glucose,then 12.5,25 and 50 μmol/L baicalein was added into the medium correspondingly,and 1 μmol/L BMS-986299 was used to treat the H-baicalein+NLRP3 agonist group.Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)cytotoxicity assay were employed to detect cell cytotoxicity.qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to determine the expression of NLRP3,Caspase-1,and GSDMD at mRNA and protein levels.Results High glucose treatment induced more EdU positive cells,higher pyroptotic rate,stronger cytotoxicity,higher Col-Ⅰ and Col-Ⅲ contents,and enhanced mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3,Caspase-1 and GSDMD in comparison to the control group(P＜0.05).The H-baicalein+NLRP3 agonist group had more EdU positive cells(26.85±2.95 cells vs 15.43±1.82 cells,P＜0.05),higher pyroptotic rate[(33.45±4.02)％vs(17.34±2.15)％,P＜0.05],stronger cytotoxicity[(27.94±2.93)％vs(14.13±1.87)％,P＜0.05],and increased contents of Col-Ⅰ(107.58±13.39 ng/ml vs 58.73±8.36 ng/ml,P＜0.05)and Col-Ⅲ(118.43±13.95 ng/ml vs 68.74±8.57 ng/ml,P＜0.05),and enhanced expression of NLRP3,Caspase-1 and GSDMD at both mRNA and protein levels(P＜0.05)when compared with the H-baicalein group.Conclusion Baicalein inhibits high glucose-induced cardiac fibroblast pyroptosis by suppressing NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway.

Objective:To conduct a scope review of relevant studies on the application of virtual reality (VR) technology in breast cancer patients, identifying the basic content of interventions, outcome indicators, and application effects, with the aim of providing a reference for clinical healthcare professionals applying this technology.Methods:Based on the research methodology for scope reviews, a computer search was conducted in Chinese and English databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase, with the search period extending to August 31, 2023. A categorical analysis of the included literature was conducted.Results:A total of 15 articles were included, primarily discussing the effects of VR technology on breast cancer patients' physical health, psychological well-being, cognitive function, and quality of life. Intervention frequencies were mainly once or twice daily, or twice weekly, with intervention durations ranging from 10 to 90 minutes and intervention periods from 2 to 12 weeks. VR interventions were found to improve physical function, psychological health, and cognitive function to some extent, increase patient rehabilitation adherence and satisfaction, and improve quality of life.Conclusions:VR technology can be an effective tool to support the treatment of breast cancer patients. However, the design of intervention protocols needs improvement. Future large-sample, multi-center, long-term follow-up randomized controlled trials are needed to verify the application effects of VR technology for breast cancer patients and promote its clinical application.