Professor Wu Mianhua,a renowned national traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practitioner,proposed the"deficient qi and Kenang"theory based on the doctrines of"deficient qi"and"Kenang".This theory is applied to the pathogenesis analysis and clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment of brain tumors.It posits that the fundamental pathogenesis of brain tumors involves orig-inal qi deficiency,internal generation of deficient qi,intermingling of phlegm and blood stasis,and conglomeration of toxins into nest-like foci.The treatment strategy emphasizes reinforcing healthy qi,regulating qi,resolving phlegm,dispelling stasis,attacking toxins,dispersing nodules,and adjusting treatment according to disease stages.In the early stage,it is to support healthy qi and regulate qi to remove qi deficiency;in the middle stage,it is to dissipate phlegm and expel blood stasis to resolve pathological nests;in the late stage,it is to attack toxins and resolve masses to break up nest sac.Throughout the treatment,strictly adhere to the principle of"rein-forcing healthy qi without retaining pathogens,and breaking accumulations without impairing healthy qi".

Professor Wu Mianhua,a renowned national traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practitioner,proposed the"deficient qi and Kenang"theory based on the doctrines of"deficient qi"and"Kenang".This theory is applied to the pathogenesis analysis and clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment of brain tumors.It posits that the fundamental pathogenesis of brain tumors involves orig-inal qi deficiency,internal generation of deficient qi,intermingling of phlegm and blood stasis,and conglomeration of toxins into nest-like foci.The treatment strategy emphasizes reinforcing healthy qi,regulating qi,resolving phlegm,dispelling stasis,attacking toxins,dispersing nodules,and adjusting treatment according to disease stages.In the early stage,it is to support healthy qi and regulate qi to remove qi deficiency;in the middle stage,it is to dissipate phlegm and expel blood stasis to resolve pathological nests;in the late stage,it is to attack toxins and resolve masses to break up nest sac.Throughout the treatment,strictly adhere to the principle of"rein-forcing healthy qi without retaining pathogens,and breaking accumulations without impairing healthy qi".

Objective To observe the effect of modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) on au-tobiographical memory and efficacy in schizophrenic patients. Methods Seventy-four patients with schizo-phrenia were randomly divided into study group (38 cases) and control group (36 cases). The study group was treated with MECT for 10-12 times in combination with single antipsychotic drug,while the control group was treated with single antipsychotic drug. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. All patients were assessed for autobiographical memory before treatment and at the 4th,8th and 12th week after treatment,and the effi-cacy was evaluated by the positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS). Results (1)The response time of autobiographical event memory in the study group at the 4th and 8th weekends after treatment ((2 058. 84 ±200. 06)ms,(1 883. 61±202. 17)ms)were significantly longer those at baseline((1 765. 27±203. 23)ms) and that at the same periods in the control group(( 1 787. 03 ± 192. 82),(1 762. 01± 195. 25)),and the differences were statistically significant(t=6. 346,2. 545;P<0. 05,t=5. 945,2. 630;P<0. 05),but the re-sponse time of autobiographical event memory in the study group at the 12th weekend after treatment was not statistically significant compared with that before treatment (P>0. 05). ( 2) For each time point after treat-ment,the PANSS scores of the study group and the control group were significantly lower than those at base-line (P<0. 05). The PANSS scores of the study group at each time point after treatment((62. 42±7. 22), (49. 32±5. 54),(43. 63±9. 90)) were significantly lower than those of the control group at the same periods ((71. 78±10. 19),(56. 14±5. 95),(49. 28±9. 31)),and the differences were statistically significant ( t=4. 577,5. 108,2. 525;all P<0. 05). The total effective rate of the study group ( 94. 7%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (80. 6%) (χ2=9. 287,P<0. 05). Conclusions MECT is effective in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia,and it has some damage to their autobiographical memory,but the damage is transient and reversible.

Objective To use the "three-dimensional quality structure" model as a theoretical basis, based on multiple evidence-based evidence, to construct ICU nursing sensitivity quality indicators, and to provide reference for the evaluation and monitoring of ICU department nursing safety quality. Methods Evidence-based and Delphi methods were used to complete 3 rounds of inquiry among 27 experts to obtain consensus opinions of experts and to determine nursing quality indicators. Results Of the 30 articles included, 17 wereⅢA, 10 wereⅣA, 2 wereⅤA, and 1 wasⅤB. According to the"three-dimensional structure theory"model, the included indicators were sorted out and a total of 12 items were obtained. The effective recovery rate of 3 rounds of questionnaires was 96.6％, 100.0％, and 96.4％. The authoritative coefficients were 0.899, 0.895, and 0.909, and the coordination coefficients of the first, second, and third indexes were 0.340, 0.379, and 0.403, respectively,with significance (P<0.01). The final ICU nursing sensitivity quality indicator consists of 3 first-level indicators, 15 second-level indicators and 69 third-level indicators. The selection of indicators at all levels gradually converges. Conclusions The established ICU nursing sensitivity quality index accords with the principle of scientificity and practicality, and can be used for ICU department nursing quality assessment.

Objective To investigate any protective effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and pioglitazone on chondrocytes in osteoarthritic patients using the pathway from peroxisome proliferator-activated γreceptor (PPARγ) to nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) to inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).Methods Normal chondrocytes of 24 healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were extracted and divided into a normal group,a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group,a LIPUS group (LPS+LIPUS) and a pioglitazone group (LPS+pioglitazone),each of 6 using a random number table.Each group was given the intervention their names implies.The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),leptin (LEP) and nitric oxide (NO) in the chondrocytes were detected using enzyme-linked immune sorbent assays.The expression of type Ⅱ collagen (COL2) in the chondrocytes of each groups was detected using immunocytochemistry and fluorescent staining.The mRNA and protein expressions of PPARγ,NF-κB and iNOS were detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions and western blotting respectively.Results Compared with the LPS group,the average level of TNF-α,LEP and NO in the LIPUS and pioglitazone groups was significantly lower,with the levels in the pioglitazone group significantly lower than in the LIPUS group.Compared with the LPS group,COL2 expression in the LIPUS group was significantly greater.The mRNA and protein expressions of PPARγ in the chondrocytes in the LIPUS and pioglitazone groups were significantly higher than those in the LPS group.Compared with the LPS group,the mRNA and protein expressions of NF-κB and iNOS in the pioglitazone and LIPUS groups were significantly lower,with the pioglitazone group's levels significantly below those of the LIPUS group.Conclusion LIPUS and pioglitazone may promote anti-inflammatory action and COL2 synthesis in chondrocytes through the PPARγ/ NF-κB/iNOS pathway and play a protective role,at least in rabbits.

Objective To observe the effect of body weight supported treadmill training ( BWSTT) on func-tion of lower extremities in stroke survivors, and analyze the influence of quadriceps femoris muscle tone on the thera-peutic effect of BWSTT. Methods Thirty-six stroke survivors were randomly divided into a BWSTT group and a conventional therapy group ( CT group) according to a random number table, each of 18. Both groups were given rou-tine rehabilitation training, while the BWSTT group was additionally provided with BWSTT for 4 weeks. Before and af-ter the treatment, Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity (FMMS-LE), Berg balance scale (BBS) and Holden walking function rating scale ( Holden) were used to assess the motor function of lower extremities, balance function and walking ability of both groups. Meanwhile, the patients in BWSTT group were further divided into a mild-spasm subgroup and a seriously-spasm subgroup according to the modified Ashworth scale assessment result of quadriceps muscle, and the results of their efficacy indexes were further compared. Results No significant difference was found in the average FMMS-LE, Berg and Holden scores between the BWSTT group and CT group before the treat-ment ( P>0.05) . However, significantly improvement was found in all the above measurements of both groups after the treatment ( P<0.05) . Further comparison found that the FMMS score of the lower extremities and Holden grading in the BWSTT group improved more significantly compared with the CT group ( P<0.05) , while no significant differ-ences were found in the Berg score between the two groups ( P>0.05) . The change of FMMS (△FMMS) and Holden (△Holden) after treatment in the mild-spasm subgroup increased more significantly compared with those in the seri-ously-spasm subgroup, but no significant differences were observed regarding the change of Berg (△Berg) between the two subgroups. Conclusions BWSTT can significantly improve the motor function of lower extremities, balance function and walking ability of stroke survivors. However, hypertone of quadriceps femoris might have adverse effects on the therapeutic effect of BWSTT.

Objective To study the clinical significance of dexamethasone (DT) in the combined spinal and epidural anesthesia for delivery of elderly parturient women. Methods 134 elderly parturient women were selected as the research object, and randomly divided into two groups. 69 cases in DT group received intramuscular injection of dexamethasone and combined anesthesia, while 65 cases in INN group received intramuscular injection of tramadol (INN) and combined spinal and epidural anesthesia. The anesthetic effect of the two groups were observed. Results After treatment, the interleukin (IL-6), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) in DT group were significantly higher than INN group (P<0.05). The five kinds of immunoglobulins levels (IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM) in DT group were higher than those in INN group (P<0.05). The heart rate (HR) in DT group was lower and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was higher than that in INN group(P<0.05). There was 1 cases of macrosomia, 2 cases of premature delivery in DT group, the adverse pregnancy outcomes was 4.35%(3/69). there was 1 cases of macrosomia, 1 cases of congenital deformity, 1 cases of premature delivery and 1 case of postterm delivery in DT group, the adverse pregnancy outcomes was 5.80%(4/69), with no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion Dexamethasone combined with anesthesia is very effective for delivery of elderly parturient women which shows very good anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation.

Objective To observe the effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on chondrocytes co-cultured with infrapatellar fat pads.Methods Twenty-four infrapatellar fat pads and cartilages from female knee trauma patients aged between 25 and 35 were cut and stained using hematoxylin-eosin staining.Chondrocytes were isolated from part of the integrated surface of the cartilages to be cultured in vitro.They were then randomly divided into a normal chondrocyte group (the control group),a normal chondrocyte+FCM (fat conditioned medium) group (the model group),a normal chondrocyte+ FCM + LIP US group (the treatment group),and a normal chondrocyte+ FCM + LIPUS + GRGDSP (an integrin inhibitor) group (the inhibited group).The treatment group and inhibited group received LIPUS at 40 mW/cm2 for 20 min once a day,while the other groups received sham LIPUS treatment.Five days later,the cells were collected and western blotting was used to examine the expression of type Ⅱ collagen (COL2),aggrecan (Acan),matrixmetalloproteinase (MMP)-13,integrin β1,phosphorylation-focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK) and phosphorylation p38 (p-p38).Results Western blotting showed that compared with the control group,the expression of COL2 and Acan was significantly lower in the model group,but that of MMP-13,integrin β1,p-FAK and p-p38 was significantly higher.As compared with the model group,the expression of COL2,Acan,integrin β1 and p-FAK was significantly higher,and that of MMP-13 and p-p38 was significantly lower in the treatment group.The expression of COL2,Acan,MMP-13,integrin β1,p-FAK and p-p38 showed no significant difference between the inhibited and model groups,but that of COL2,Acan,MMP-13,integrin β1,p-FAK and p-p38 was significantly different between the control and treatment groups.Conclusions LIPUS provides a protective effect on chondrocytes through inhibiting the expression of MMP-13 induced by adipokines and the degradation of COL2 and Acan through activating the integrin-FAK-p38 MAPK pathway.

Objective To evaluate the effects of cranial electrotherapy stimulation therapy combined with psychological intervention for treating depression after cerebral infarction.Methods Eighty persons diagnosed with depression after cerebral infarction were divided randomly into a treatment group and a control group.Both groups were given routine rehabilitation training and psychological intervention, but the treatment group also received microcurrent transcranial electrical stimulation treatment.All the patients were evaluated with Hamilton's depression scale (HAMD) and the mini-mental state exam (MMSE) and given Barthel index (BI) scores before and after 4 weeks of treatment.Results There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of any of the measures before treatment.After 4 weeks of treatment, both groups had improved significantly, but the improvements on all measures were significantly better in the treatment group.Conclusion Cranial electrotherapy combined with psychological intervention can significantly improve symptoms of depression and cognitive function in patients with post-stroke depression, and play an important role in improving their daily life.

Objective To study the clinicopathologic characteristics of primary renal hemangioblastoma.Methods The morphologic features, immunophenotype and molecular findings of 3 cases of primary renal hemangioblastoma were studied, with review of literature.Results The age of patients ranged from 43 to 57 years.There were 2 women and a man.The patients often presented with renal mass.Histologically, the tumors were surrounded by thick fibrous capsule and composed of epithelioid or spindle cells.Two cases had a prominent stromal component and the other one was rich in capillary network. Lipid vacuoles were observed in all cases.Features of hemorrhage were demonstrated in 2 cases.Capsular invasion and necrosis were seen in 1 case.Immunohistochemical study showed that the stromal cells were positive for alpha-inhibin (3/3), S-100 protein (3/3), EGFR (2/2), PAX-2 (2/2), PAX-8 (2/2) and CA9 (2/2) but negative for CKpan (2/2) and HMB45 (2/2).Focal membranous staining for CD10 (3/3) was noted.No VHL gene mutations or chromosome 3p deletion were detected in the 2 cases studied. Conclusions Renal hemangioblastoma shows distinctive morphologic appearance with a wide range of variation.The unexpected positive staining for PAX-2, PAX-8 and CD10 in renal hemangioblastoma needs to be aware.Immunohistochemical study may be helpful in differential diagnosis of these renal tumors.