With the continuous deepening of the concept of precision diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer, how to achieve higher efficiency and accuracy in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment pathways in clinical practice has become an important issue that urgently needs to be overcome. The current clinical difficulty lies in the fact that despite continuous advancements in imaging and molecular diagnostic technologies, there are still limitations in manual efficiency and subjective experience when it comes to massive data analysis and multi-scale feature extraction. Artificial intelligence (AI), especially algorithm systems based on deep learning, is an innovative technology capable of deeply empowering medical big data. This method utilizes algorithms such as convolutional neural networks, combined with radiomics, pathomics, and multi-modal data fusion analysis, demonstrating immense potential in early precise detection and benign-malignant differentiation of pulmonary nodules, digital pathological subtype recognition and non-invasive prediction of driver genes, precise 3D surgical planning and automatic delineation of radiotherapy target volumes, as well as dynamic risk warning during follow-up. This innovative technology provides a brand-new solution for realizing intelligent and individualized lung cancer diagnosis and treatment models. This consensus, based on the latest evidence from evidence-based medicine and combined with the development trends in the AI field and real-world clinical needs, was ultimately formed by gathering the consensus opinions of multidisciplinary experts in radiology, pathology, thoracic surgery, and other fields. The main content covers the application specifications of AI in the three core scenarios of lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment, the technical standards for data collection and algorithm validation, as well as the ethical and regulatory challenges faced at the current stage. It aims to clarify the applicable boundaries of AI as a clinical auxiliary decision support tool, providing scientific guidance and standardized exploration directions for peers currently engaged in or planning to carry out AI-assisted clinical diagnosis, treatment, and translation of lung cancer.

AIM:To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of sesamin(SES)on fatty liver disease in rats with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia,and to explore the potential mecha-nisms based on mRNA-seq.METHODS:Spontane-ously hypertensive rats(SHRs)were fed a high-fat,high-cholesterol diet to establish a rat model of hy-pertension combined with dyslipidemia,and then treated with SES for 16 weeks continuously.The ex-periment was divided into four groups:WKY,SHR,Model,and Model+SES(160 mg·kg-1·d-1).Blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method.Body weight was monitored,and body mass index was calculated.Liver morphology was detected by ultrasound,and liver thickness was measured.Liver wet weight was weighed,and liver index was calcu-lated.Liver volume was detected by the water dis-placement method.Serum triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate amino-transferase(AST),and total bile acids(TBA)were de-tected by ELISA.Liver sequencing analysis was per-formed using mRNA-seq.Liver histomorphological changes were observed by HE staining.The degree of hepatic steatosis was observed by Oil Red O stain-ing,and the degree of hepatic fibrosis was observed by MASSON staining.The mRNA expression of Al-dh1a7,Nnmt,Irs2,Pltp,and Scd was detected by q-PCR.The protein expression of Scd,Nnmt,AMPK,p-AMPK,PPARα,and PPARγ was detected by Western blotting.RESULTS:After 16 weeks of continuous SES administration to rats with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia,blood pressure was significantly reduced(P＜0.01),and body weight was decreased.Serum TG,TC,and LDL-C levels were decreased,while HDL-C levels were increased.Serum ALT and AST levels were decreased.Liver weight,organ in-dex,liver thickness,and liver volume were de-creased.The degree of hepatic steatosis and hepat-ic fibrosis was improved.A total of 545 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in the livers of rats in each group,of which 278 were upregulated and 267 were downregulated.Among the 27 com-monly differentially expressed mRNAs,five mRNAs related to lipid metabolism were screened,namely Aldh1a7,Nnmt,Irs2,Pltp,and Scd.KEGG enrich-ment analysis showed that the enriched pathways were AMPK and PPAR.Further validation revealed that in the SES-treated group,the mRNA expression of Scd in the liver was decreased,while the mRNA expression of Nnmt was increased.The protein ex-pression of Scd was decreased,while the protein ex-pression of Nnmt,AMPK,p-AMPK,PPARα,and PPARγ was increased.CONCLUSION:SES has preven-tive and therapeutic effects on fatty liver disease in rats with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia,and its mechanism of action may be related to the reduction of Scd expression levels in the liver and the increase in the expression of Nnmt,AMPK,p-AMPK,PPARα,and PPARγ.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate YEATS2 expression in gastric cancer (GC), its prognostic value, and its regulatory role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of GC cells. METHODS: YEATS2 expression in GC was analyzed using publicly available databases. Paired GC and adjacent tissues were collected from 100 patients undergoing radical surgery for immunohistochemical detection of YEATS2 expression, and its correlations with the patients' clinicopathological parameters and Ki67 expression were analyzed. The prognostic value of YEATS2 was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression and ROC curves, and its regulatory mechanisms were analyzed using KEGG enrichment analysis. In cultured GC cell lines (HGC-27 and AGS), the effect of YEATS2 knockdown and overexpression on migration, invasion and EMT of the cells were examined with scratching assay, Transwell assay and Western blotting. RESULTS: YEATS2 was significantly overexpressed in GC tissues with a positive correlation with Ki67 (P<0.05). High YEATS2 expression was associated with elevated CEA (≥5 μg/L), CA19-9 (≥37 kU/L), T3-4 stage, and N2-3 stage (all P<0.05). Patients with high YEATS2 expression had significantly reduced 5-year survival (P<0.001); ROC analysis showed that YEATS2 expression levels had a sensitivity of 80.00% and a specificity of 66.67% for predicting patient survival (P<0.05). Cox regression identified high YEATS2 as an independent risk factor for poor postoperative 5-year survival outcome of GC patients (HR: 1.675, 95%CI: 1.013-2.771; P=0.045). KEGG enrichment analysis suggested involvement of YEATS2 in EMT in GC and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In cultured GC cells, YEATS2 overexpression significantly promoted cell migration and invasion, upregulated the expressions of vimentin, N-cadherin, Wnt and active β-catenin, and downregulated E-cadherin expression, and these changes were obviously suppressed by treatment with XAV-939 (a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor). CONCLUSIONS High YEATS2 expression activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote EMT in GC and is correlated with poor prognosis of GC patients.
Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology* ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Prognosis ; Cell Movement ; Male ; Female ; beta Catenin/metabolism*

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of hypaphorine (HYP) on Crohn's disease (CD)‑like colitis in mice and its molecular mechanism. METHODS: Thirty male C57BL/6J mice were equally randomized into WT, TNBS, and HYP groups, and in the latter two groups, mouse models of CD-like colitis were established using TNBS with daily gavage of 15 mg/kg HYP or an equivalent volume of saline. The treatment efficacy was evaluated by assessing the disease activity index (DAI), body weight changes, colon length and histopathology. The effect of HYP was also tested in a LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cell model mimicking intestinal inflammation by evaluating inflammatory responses and barrier function of the cells using qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. GO and KEGG analyses were conducted to explore the therapeutic mechanism of HYP, which was validated in both the cell and mouse models using Western blotting. RESULTS: In the mouse models of CD-like colitis, HYP intervention obviously alleviated colitis as shown by significantly reduced body weight loss, colon shortening, DAI and inflammation scores, and expressions of pro-inflammatory factors in the colon tissues. HYP treatment also significantly increased the TEER values, reduced bacterial translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and spleen, lowered serum levels of I-FABP and FITC-dextran, increased the number of colonic tissue cup cells, and upregulated colonic expressions of MUC2 and tight junction proteins (claudin-1 and ZO-1) in the mouse models. In LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells, HYP treatment significantly inhibited the expressions of pro-inflammatory factors and increased the expressions of tight junction proteins. Western blotting showed that HYP downregulated the expressions of the key proteins in the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in both the in vitro and in vivo models. CONCLUSIONS HYP alleviates CD-like colitis in mice possibly by suppressing intestinal epithelial inflammation and improving gut barrier function.
Animals ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Crohn Disease/drug therapy* ; Mice ; Humans ; Caco-2 Cells ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism* ; Colitis/drug therapy* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Inflammation ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism* ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism* ; Intestinal Barrier Function

Objective:To develop a popular science educational product aimed at enhancing home-based self-management among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Methods:A preliminary framework for popular science content on home-based self-management for PD patients was constructed based on an evidence summary. Through refinement of the evidence and expert panel discussions, the final educational content was determined and used to produce a popular science video. From June 18 to June 30, 2024, the video was disseminated through both online and offline channels. A questionnaire survey was used to assess the quality of the popular science educational product.Results:The final content framework consisted of four key areas: volume management, nutrition management, exercise management, and management of common problems. A popular science video with a total duration of 5 minutes and 52 seconds was developed. A total of 158 PD patients rated the quality of the popular science educational product with an average score of (83.03±2.01) .Conclusions:The development method of the popular science educational product is scientifically sound, and the content is suitable for dissemination. It provides a practical reference for improving health literacy and self-management ability among home-based PD patients.

AIM:To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of sesamin(SES)on fatty liver disease in rats with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia,and to explore the potential mecha-nisms based on mRNA-seq.METHODS:Spontane-ously hypertensive rats(SHRs)were fed a high-fat,high-cholesterol diet to establish a rat model of hy-pertension combined with dyslipidemia,and then treated with SES for 16 weeks continuously.The ex-periment was divided into four groups:WKY,SHR,Model,and Model+SES(160 mg·kg-1·d-1).Blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method.Body weight was monitored,and body mass index was calculated.Liver morphology was detected by ultrasound,and liver thickness was measured.Liver wet weight was weighed,and liver index was calcu-lated.Liver volume was detected by the water dis-placement method.Serum triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate amino-transferase(AST),and total bile acids(TBA)were de-tected by ELISA.Liver sequencing analysis was per-formed using mRNA-seq.Liver histomorphological changes were observed by HE staining.The degree of hepatic steatosis was observed by Oil Red O stain-ing,and the degree of hepatic fibrosis was observed by MASSON staining.The mRNA expression of Al-dh1a7,Nnmt,Irs2,Pltp,and Scd was detected by q-PCR.The protein expression of Scd,Nnmt,AMPK,p-AMPK,PPARα,and PPARγ was detected by Western blotting.RESULTS:After 16 weeks of continuous SES administration to rats with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia,blood pressure was significantly reduced(P＜0.01),and body weight was decreased.Serum TG,TC,and LDL-C levels were decreased,while HDL-C levels were increased.Serum ALT and AST levels were decreased.Liver weight,organ in-dex,liver thickness,and liver volume were de-creased.The degree of hepatic steatosis and hepat-ic fibrosis was improved.A total of 545 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in the livers of rats in each group,of which 278 were upregulated and 267 were downregulated.Among the 27 com-monly differentially expressed mRNAs,five mRNAs related to lipid metabolism were screened,namely Aldh1a7,Nnmt,Irs2,Pltp,and Scd.KEGG enrich-ment analysis showed that the enriched pathways were AMPK and PPAR.Further validation revealed that in the SES-treated group,the mRNA expression of Scd in the liver was decreased,while the mRNA expression of Nnmt was increased.The protein ex-pression of Scd was decreased,while the protein ex-pression of Nnmt,AMPK,p-AMPK,PPARα,and PPARγ was increased.CONCLUSION:SES has preven-tive and therapeutic effects on fatty liver disease in rats with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia,and its mechanism of action may be related to the reduction of Scd expression levels in the liver and the increase in the expression of Nnmt,AMPK,p-AMPK,PPARα,and PPARγ.

Objective:To develop a popular science educational product aimed at enhancing home-based self-management among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Methods:A preliminary framework for popular science content on home-based self-management for PD patients was constructed based on an evidence summary. Through refinement of the evidence and expert panel discussions, the final educational content was determined and used to produce a popular science video. From June 18 to June 30, 2024, the video was disseminated through both online and offline channels. A questionnaire survey was used to assess the quality of the popular science educational product.Results:The final content framework consisted of four key areas: volume management, nutrition management, exercise management, and management of common problems. A popular science video with a total duration of 5 minutes and 52 seconds was developed. A total of 158 PD patients rated the quality of the popular science educational product with an average score of (83.03±2.01) .Conclusions:The development method of the popular science educational product is scientifically sound, and the content is suitable for dissemination. It provides a practical reference for improving health literacy and self-management ability among home-based PD patients.

Objective To analyze the efficacy and safety of double-ring sandwich procedure in the treatment of acute A-type aortic dissection root.Methods The clinical data of 103 patients with acute A-type aortic dissection treated by double-ring sandwich procedure in our center from October 2020 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the surgical effect,short-term cardiac structural changes and short-term postoperative complications.Results Needle hemostasis was applied in 11.65％of all patients.The amount of red blood cell transfusion during the perioperative period was(2.95±1.97)U,plasma was(543.68±208.48)ml,and blood platelet was(0.08±0.30)U.The residual aortic regurgitation,cardiac function and pericardial effusion were significantly improved at 2 weeks after operation(P＜0.05).The proportion of residual false lumen in the aortic root was significantly reduced after operation(P＜0.05).The length of hospital stay,duration of intubation,and drainage within 24 hours after surgery were less.The incidence of postoperative short-term complications such as secondary thoracotomy,cerebral infarction,cerebral hemorrhage,hemofiltration,tracheal incision and death was low.Conclusions Double-ring sandwich procedure in the treatment of acute A-type aortic dissection can effectively block the false lumen of aortic root dissection,reduce the risk of aortic intimal avulsion,and the operation is safe and effective.

Objective To observe the imaging findings of embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes(ETMR).Methods MRI(n=8)and CT(n=6)data of 8 children with pathologically confirmed ETMR were retrospectively reviewed,and the imaging findings were analyzed.Results ETMR present as masses with the maximum diameter of 32-96 mm and clear edges in all 8 cases,located supratentorially in 5 and infratentorially in 3 cases.The supratentorial ETMR were giant cystic solid masses,while the infratentorial ETMR had relatively small volumes.No peritumoral edema was noticed.Cystic solid masses were observed in 6 cases,and the cystic portion presented as low T1WI and high T2WI signals at the edge of the masses.After administration of contrast agents,mild focal uneven enhancement in the solid portion was found in 5 cases,while 1 case was not found enhancement.Among the above 6 cases,the intratumoral bleeding and empty blood vessel shadows within the masses were observed each in 5 cases,while adjacent dura mater invasion was noticed in 3 cases.Two ETMR present as solid masses with focal nodular uneven enhancement,and the enhanced area corresponded to the low signal area on apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)image,among them,increased choline(Cho)/creatine(Cr)and decreased N-acetyl aspartate(NAA)was found in 1 case.Limited diffusion on diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)were detected in all 8 cases.Among 6 cases who underwent CT scanning,patchy or punctate calcification,corresponding to the low signal area on MRI were detected in 4 cases.Conclusion ETMR mostly present as supratentorial large solid cystic masses with clear edges,and the cystic portion often located at the edge of masses,with characteristic vascular flow voids often accompanied by intratumoral bleeding and some with calcifications but without peritumoral edema,which showed significantly limited diffusion on DWI and weakly inhomogeneous enhancement of the solid part.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and potential mechanism of Dihuangyin on 2， 4-dinitrochlorobenzene （DNCB） -induced model mice with atopic dermatitis （AD）. MethodA mouse model with AD was established by repeatedly stimulating the back skin of mice with DNCB. After successful modeling， the mice were randomly divided into model group， Runzao group （0.78 g·kg^-1）， and high， medium， and low dose （40.30， 20.15， and 10.08 g·kg^-1） groups of Dihuangyin， with 12 mice in each group， and the blank group consisted of 12 mice， 72 in total. The administration groups were given the corresponding liquid by dose， and the blank group and model group were given the same dose of pure water by intragastric administration， once a day. The skin lesions and scratching times of mice were observed after continuous administration for two weeks. The back skin lesions of mice were stained with hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and toluidine blue to observe the pathology. The contents of serum immunoglobulin E （IgE）， interleukin-4 （IL-4）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and interferon-γ （IFN-γ） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ， IL-4， IL-6， Janus kinase 1 （JAK1）， and transcriptional activator 3 （STAT3） in skin lesion tissue were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The expressions of JAK1， phosphorylation（p）-JAK1， STAT3， and p-STAT3 proteins in skin lesion tissue were detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the blank group， the back skin of the model group showed large-scale scab， dryness， erosion， hypertrophy with scratching， epidermal hyperplasia with hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis， hyperacanthosis with edema， and a large number of mast cell infiltration in the dermis， some of which were degranulated. The contents of IgE， IL-4， IL-6， and IFN-γ in the serum of mice were significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the protein expression levels of p-JAK1， STAT3， and p-STAT3 and mRNA expressions of IL-4， IL-6， IFN-γ， JAK1， and STAT3 in skin lesion tissue were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， only a small amount of dryness and desquamation were observed in the back skin of mice in each administration group， and cell edema was reduced. The inflammatory infiltration was significantly reduced， and the number of mast cell infiltration was significantly decreased. The serum IgE， IL-4， IL-6， and IFN-γ of mice were decreased to varying degrees （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The protein expression levels of p-JAK1， STAT3， and p-STAT3 and mRNA expressions of IL-4， IL-6， IFN-γ， JAK1， and STAT3 in skin lesion tissue were significantly decreased， and the effect of high dose group of Dihuangyin was the best （P<0.01）. ConclusionDihuangyin can improve skin lesions and pruritus in mice with AD， and its mechanism may be related to the effective regulation of cytokines on the helper T cells （Th1）/Th2 axis by interfering with the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway and affecting skin barrier function.