Objective To investigate differential patterns of oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in prefron-tal cortical regions between major depressive disorder patients with or without psychotic symptoms during verbal flu-ency task(VFT)performance using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Methods A total of 108 pa-tients with major depression who were hospitalized in the psychiatric department of the hospital from July 2023 to April 2024 were selected as the study objects.They were divided into two groups(n=60)with or without psychotic symptoms(n=48).fNIRS devices were used to measure and compare the changes in the relative concentration of cerebral hemoglobin in 52 brain channels between the two groups during VFT.Re-sults Compared with the unaccompanied group,the relative concentration of cerebral oxygenated hemoglobin in channel 13 was higher(0.003±0.001 vs.0.002±0.001),and the relative concentration of cerebral oxygen-ated hemoglobin in channel 33 was lower(0.003±0.001 vs.0.007±0.002),the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the relative concentration of oxygenated hemo-globin in other brain areas between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion There are abnormal oxygen activ-ity in brain functional areas associated with psychotic symptoms,and fNIRS technique is helpful for early as-sessment of cerebral aerobic function in depressed patients with psychotic symptoms.

Abstract Prenatal stress is a common, systemic, nonspecific stress response that occurs during pregnancy. The gut microbiota, which is known as the “second genome” of the human body, interacts with all major systems of the body. Changes in the gut microbiota can impact the development and health of infants and young children. Advances in research technology have allowed us to uncover the relationship between prenatal stress and imbalances in offspring intestinal microbiota, as well as the development of multiple systemic diseases. However, the exact mechanisms through which prenatal stress disrupts the gut microbiota of offspring remain incompletely understood. This review summarizes the existing research on diseases caused by prenatal stress disrupting the offspring intestinal flora, and seeks future research directions to expand the understanding of the pathogenesis of infant diseases.

Abstract Asthma is a well-characterized heterogeneous disease marked by airway remodeling and chronic airway inflammation. Clinically, the treatment of asthma primarily relies on hormonal drugs. However, the long-term use of these medications can lead to significant side effects. Mitophagy is a biological process that selectively transports damaged mitochondria to lysosomes for degradation. Recent research has revealed the crosstalk between mitophagy and asthma. Accordingly, taking mitophagy as an entry point, summarizing the key molecular mechanisms and regulators of mitophagy in asthma will facilitate the development of novel intervention targets and strategies for asthmatic treatment.

Intestinal aging is central to systemic aging, characterized by a progressive decline in intestinal structure and function. The core mechanisms involve dysregulation of epithelial cell renewal and gut microbiota dysbiosis. In addition to previous results in model organisms like Drosophila melanogaster, recent studies have shown that in mammalian models, aging causes increased intestinal permeability and intestinal-derived systemic inflammation, thereby affecting longevity. Therefore, anti-intestinal aging can be an important strategy for reducing frailty and promoting longevity. There are three key gaps remaining in the study of intestinal aging: (1) overemphasis on aging-related diseases rather than the primary aging mechanisms; (2) lack of specific drugs or treatments to prevent or treat intestinal aging; (3) limited aging-specific dysbiosis research. In this review, the basic structures and renewal mechanisms of intestinal epithelium, and mechanisms and potential therapies for intestinal aging are discussed to advance understanding of the causes, consequences, and treatments of age-related intestinal dysfunction.

Objective:To investigate the significance of dynamic quantitative detection of(cytomegalovirus)CMV antibodies in assessing the risk of fetal CMV infection.Methods:A total of 171 pregnant women with positive/weakly positive CMV IgM antibody ELISA screening results from Huizhou Central People's Hospital from August 2019 to March 2022 were selected as the study objects.IgM and IgG levels were measured by electrochemical luminescence(ECLIA),and re-examined 2 to 4 weeks later;at the same time,CMV nucleic acid was detected by real-time PCR fluorescent probe,and the fetal outcome was followed up.Results:In 171 cases,135 CMV IgM antibody ELISA(+)/ECLIA(-)specimens were positive for IgG antibodies and had stable levels after 2～4 weeks,one case was diagnosed with severe β thalassemia at 19+5 weeks,and the remaining fetuses were in good condition.There were 36 cases of IgM antibody ELISA(+)/ECLIA(+)specimens,one was negative for IgG antibody;35 cases had positive IgM antibody and stable IgG antibody level after 2～4 weeks,the fetus was in good condition;one case had IgM antibody level decreased and IgG antibody level increased significantly,urinary CMV DNA level gradually decreased,and was diagnosed as disseminated congenital CMV infection.Conclusion:The false positive rate of CMV IgM antibody detected by ELISA method is significantly higher than that of ECLIA method,and the dynamic quantitative detection can effectively eliminate interference.Maternal women with significant changes in CMV IgM,IgG antibodies and urinary DNA levels are at high risk of intrauterine infection and had a high probability of fetal congeni-tal CMV infection.

Objective To analyze the effect of serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and β2-microglobulin(β2-MG)on therapeutic efficacy of the first-line chemotherapy regimen for Waldenstr?m Macroglobulinemia(WM).Methods Data were collected from 113 WM patients admitted from March 2019 to February 2024.All patients completed the established first-line chemotherapy regimen and were divided into the response group(n=85)and the non-response group(n=28).The general data between the two groups were compared,with a focus on analyzing the risk factors for non-response to first-line chemotherapy in WM patients and evaluating the predictive value of serum LDH and β2-MG for the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy.Result The non-responsive group had a higher risk of prognosis based on International Prognostic Scoring System(IPSS),a higher rate of MYD88 L265P mutation,higher TP53 deletion/mutation ratio,and higher proportion of bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic cells,as well as higher serum LDH and β2-MG expression than the response group(P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that risk factors for non-response to first-line chemotherapy in WM patients included a high-risk prognosis based on IPSS,an increased proportion of bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic cells,and higher rate of MYD88 L265P mutation and TP53 deletion/mutation,as well as elevated serum LDH and β2-MG levels(P＜0.05).The area under the curve of serum LDH and β2-MG for predicting the risk of non-response to first-line chemotherapy in WM patients was 0.796 and 0.783 respectively.Through interaction analysis,serum LDH and β2-MG had a positive interaction effect on non-response to chemotherapy in WM patients.Conclusion The non-response to first-line chemotherapy in WM patients is related to abnormal increase in serum LDH and β2-MG.Pre-chemotherapy detection of LDH and β2-MG level has certain predictive value for the risk of non-response to chemotherapy,and the simultaneous increase of both may lead to a higher risk of non-response to chemotherapy.

Objective To construct a graded nursing program for exercise rehabilitation of children with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)and carry out a preliminary application,aiming to provide a basis for healthcare personnel to guide the exercise rehabilitation of children with HSCT.Methods Literature analysis and Delphi expert correspondence were used to construct a graded nursing program of exercise rehabilitation for children with HSCT.Through the convenience sampling method,children with HSCT in the hematology department of a tertiary-level children's hospital in Suzhou City were selected as the study subjects from June-December 2023,of which 26 children with HSCT from September-December 2023 served as an experimental group,and 23 children with HSCT from June-August 2023 as a control group.The experimental group was applied with the graded nursing program of exercise rehabilitation,and the control group was applied with the conventional nursing care.The comparison of cardiorespiratory fitness and adverse events between the 2 groups after 8 weeks of exercise intervention was conducted,and the adherence to the exercise intervention programme in the experimental group was recorded.Results The final constructed graded care program of exercise rehabilitation for children with HSCT included 6 primary indicators,20 secondary indicators,and 44 tertiary indicators.Finally,21 children in the experimental group and 23 children in the control group were included in the study.After the intervention,the 6 min walking distance of the experimental group increased compared with that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.001).85.71％of children in the experimental group had good exercise compliance,and there was no adverse events in both groups.Conclusion The constructed graded nursing program of exercise rehabilitation for children with HSCT is scientific,reasonable,safe and feasible,which can improve the cardiorespiratory capacity of children with HSCT and provide the basis for their exercise rehabilitation.

Objective The Nuangong Waifu formula （NGWFF） is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription that has been used in gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine in our hospital for many years. It has a certain effect on preventing postoperative intrauterine re-adhesion. To further retrospectively analyze the clinical efficacy of NGWFF. Methods A total of 200 patients who were diagnosed with intrauterine adhesions and underwent intrauterine adhesion separation from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively included. They were divided into control group and observation group according to different drug use for postoperative prevention of re-adhesion, with 100 cases in each group. All patients were given oral estrogen and progesterone （ethinyl estradiol tablets 0.037 5 mg, q12 h, or estradiol valerate tablets 3 mg, q12 h, a total of 21 days, 7 days after estrogen therapy plus dydrogesterone 20 mg, qd or progesterone capsules 200 mg, qd） to promote endometrial growth. In the control group, 100 patients only used estrogen and progesterone after operation. In the observation group, 100 patients were treated with NGWFF at Guanyuan acupoint （four fingers under the navel）, once a day. Both groups were evaluated for the degree of intrauterine adhesions under hysteroscopy and the effective rate after 3-5 menstrual cycles of drug treatment. Results Compared with using estrogen and progesterone alone, combination use of NGWFF significantly decreased in the scores of intrauterine adhesions under hysteroscopy （2.41±1.19 vs 3.31±1.18, P=0.00）, and the effective rate was also significantly higher than that in the control group （ 86 % vs 47 %, P<0.000）. Conclusion The combination use of NGWFF was more effective than using estrogen and progesterone alone in preventing re-adhesion after intrauterine adhesions， which provided a scientific basis for the clinical application of NGWFF.

Objective:To investigate the significance of dynamic quantitative detection of(cytomegalovirus)CMV antibodies in assessing the risk of fetal CMV infection.Methods:A total of 171 pregnant women with positive/weakly positive CMV IgM antibody ELISA screening results from Huizhou Central People's Hospital from August 2019 to March 2022 were selected as the study objects.IgM and IgG levels were measured by electrochemical luminescence(ECLIA),and re-examined 2 to 4 weeks later;at the same time,CMV nucleic acid was detected by real-time PCR fluorescent probe,and the fetal outcome was followed up.Results:In 171 cases,135 CMV IgM antibody ELISA(+)/ECLIA(-)specimens were positive for IgG antibodies and had stable levels after 2～4 weeks,one case was diagnosed with severe β thalassemia at 19+5 weeks,and the remaining fetuses were in good condition.There were 36 cases of IgM antibody ELISA(+)/ECLIA(+)specimens,one was negative for IgG antibody;35 cases had positive IgM antibody and stable IgG antibody level after 2～4 weeks,the fetus was in good condition;one case had IgM antibody level decreased and IgG antibody level increased significantly,urinary CMV DNA level gradually decreased,and was diagnosed as disseminated congenital CMV infection.Conclusion:The false positive rate of CMV IgM antibody detected by ELISA method is significantly higher than that of ECLIA method,and the dynamic quantitative detection can effectively eliminate interference.Maternal women with significant changes in CMV IgM,IgG antibodies and urinary DNA levels are at high risk of intrauterine infection and had a high probability of fetal congeni-tal CMV infection.

Objective To construct a graded nursing program for exercise rehabilitation of children with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)and carry out a preliminary application,aiming to provide a basis for healthcare personnel to guide the exercise rehabilitation of children with HSCT.Methods Literature analysis and Delphi expert correspondence were used to construct a graded nursing program of exercise rehabilitation for children with HSCT.Through the convenience sampling method,children with HSCT in the hematology department of a tertiary-level children's hospital in Suzhou City were selected as the study subjects from June-December 2023,of which 26 children with HSCT from September-December 2023 served as an experimental group,and 23 children with HSCT from June-August 2023 as a control group.The experimental group was applied with the graded nursing program of exercise rehabilitation,and the control group was applied with the conventional nursing care.The comparison of cardiorespiratory fitness and adverse events between the 2 groups after 8 weeks of exercise intervention was conducted,and the adherence to the exercise intervention programme in the experimental group was recorded.Results The final constructed graded care program of exercise rehabilitation for children with HSCT included 6 primary indicators,20 secondary indicators,and 44 tertiary indicators.Finally,21 children in the experimental group and 23 children in the control group were included in the study.After the intervention,the 6 min walking distance of the experimental group increased compared with that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.001).85.71％of children in the experimental group had good exercise compliance,and there was no adverse events in both groups.Conclusion The constructed graded nursing program of exercise rehabilitation for children with HSCT is scientific,reasonable,safe and feasible,which can improve the cardiorespiratory capacity of children with HSCT and provide the basis for their exercise rehabilitation.