Objective: Blood safety surveillance is a critical measure for the objective assessment of blood quality and enhancing transfusion safety. This study aims to comprehensively understand the current status of blood safety surveillance and management in blood collection and supply institutions in Sichuan Province, systematically analyze existing problems and vulnerabilities, and provide a basis for optimizing management strategies and improving capabilities to ensure blood safety. Methods: The Blood Safety Surveillance questionnaire was designed, covering adverse donor reaction reporting, management of adverse events, and transfusion adverse reaction feedback. An online survey was conducted via Questionnaire Star platform among 21 blood collection and supply institutions in the province, gathering information on management systems, process implementation, and utilization of monitoring data. The collected data were organized and statistically analyzed using Excel. Results: The questionnaire response rate and validity rate were both 100%. Blood collection and supply institutions in Sichuan Province have generally established a blood safety surveillance system and achieved positive outcomes. Regarding adverse events in blood collection and supply, 95.24% (20 institutions) have established reporting procedures, and 66.67% (14) collect information through multiple channels such as internal reports, external reports, and statistical trend feedback. A total of 90.48% (19) institutions regularly summarize and analyze adverse event data, and 85.71% (18) produce reports with improvement recommendations based on this analysis.71.43% (15) institutions implement reward and penalty measures, and 71.43% (15) report underreporting or omission due to accountability or performance concerns. In terms of monitoring adverse blood donation reactions, all blood collection and supply institutions have established full-process management systems.76.19% (16) collect data through multiple approaches, including on-site donation records, voluntary donor reports, and donor follow-ups. Adverse reactions were followed up in 95.24% (20) of institutions with 65% (13) completing follow-ups within 24 hours.80.95% (17) have established investigation procedures, while 66.67% (14) believe underreporting or omission still occurs. All blood collection and supply institutions regularly compile statistics on adverse donation reactions. Of these, 85.71% (18) institutions providing feedback to management departments and 90.48% (19) analyzing the data and making recommendations.76.19% (16) institutions use monitoring data for return donor management and targeted care, and 71.43% (15 stations) incorporate it into management reviews. Regarding adverse transfusion reactions, 95.24% (20) institutions have established and implemented procedures for isolating, recalling, and tracing of problematic blood units. However, only 42.86% (9) have established feedback mechanisms of adverse transfusion reaction with hospitals, and only 19.05% (4) support direct reporting via information systems.47.62% (10) institutions regularly analyze adverse transfusion reaction data, and 19.05% (4) provide feedback and recommendations to relevant hospitals. All blood collection and supply institutions reported challenges in collecting hospital feedback, citing complexities in data collection and reporting processes. Conclusion: Blood safety surveillance systems have been preliminarily established in Sichuan Province. However, further strengthening is still required, including conducting in-depth data analysis and utilization, standardizing the configuration of emergency medications and equipment, and improving feedback mechanisms for adverse transfusion reactions. To improve the overall level of blood safety management, it is recommended to strengthen closed-loop data management, improve feedback mechanisms between blood collection and supply institutions and hospitals, foster a non-punitive reporting culture, and systematically advance the regionalization and standardization of the monitoring system. These efforts will contribute to sustainably improving the overall effectiveness and sustainability of blood safety management.

AIM: To evaluate the postoperative clinical efficacy of non-diffractive extended depth of focus intraocular lens(EDOF IOL)in patients with highly myopic cataract(HMC).METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients diagnosed with HMC at the hospital from January 2022 to December 2024. Patients were divided into an observation group [undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)combined with non-diffractive EDOF IOL implantation] and a control group(undergoing FLACS combined with aspheric monofocal IOL implantation)according to the type of implanted IOL. Postoperative visual acuity(LogMAR), visual quality, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: A total of 33 patients(47 eyes)were finally included in this study, including 10 patients(17 eyes)in the observation group and 23 patients(30 eyes)in the control group. The observation group had a median age of 59.0(52.8, 63.8)y, with 8 males(13 eyes)and 2 females(4 eyes). The control group had a median age of 56.0(53.5, 60.0)y, with 13 males(17 eyes)and 10 females(13 eyes). At 3 mo postoperatively, the best-corrected distance visual acuity(BCDVA)was 0.10(0.08, 0.12)in the observation group and 0.20(0.10, 0.40)in the control group(P=0.586). However, the best-corrected intermediate visual acuity(BCIVA)[0.10(0.10, 0.10)vs 0.50(0.40, 0.90), P=0.032] and best-corrected near visual acuity(BCNVA)[0.20(0.18, 0.20)vs 0.60(0.45, 1.45), P=0.044] in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group. The defocus curve showed that the uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA)in the observation group was relatively stable within the range of -2.00 to +1.00 D, which was superior to that in the control group. Postoperative questionnaires showed that the spectacle independence rate(76%)and overall satisfaction(88%)in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(10% and 60%, respectively).CONCLUSION: Non-diffractive EDOF IOL significantly improves intermediate and near visual acuity, reduces spectacle dependence, and maintains distance visual acuity by extending the depth of focus, providing better postoperative visual quality and life satisfaction for HMC patients.

Hypertension ranks among the most prevalent chronic non-communicable diseases worldwide, with its prevalence rising steadily and exerting substantial impacts on the demographic composition of voluntary blood donors and the safety of blood supply. The eligibility of hypertensive individuals for safe blood donation and the relevant screening and management strategies have long remained controversial in transfusion medicine. This article systematically reviews the epidemiological characteristics of hypertension, donation-related physiological alterations and underlying risk mechanisms. By synthesizing evidence from international multicenter studies and regulatory practices across major nations, it conducts a comprehensive analysis of blood donation safety and donor admission criteria for hypertensive patients. Available evidence demonstrates that for hypertensives with well-stabilized blood pressure and no severe cardiac, cerebral or renal complications or target organ damage, the overall incidence of adverse reactions following blood donation is comparable to that in healthy donors, and no definitive correlation has been identified between blood pressure levels and vasovagal responses. Current mainstream international management frameworks are gradually shifting from screening reliant on a single blood pressure cutoff value toward an integrated strategy combining stratified risk classification and individualized dynamic assessment, with core focus on long-term blood pressure control, consistency of medication regimens and complication status. Meanwhile, emerging technologies including artificial intelligence, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and wearable devices have opened innovative avenues for blood donation risk evaluation and full-cycle donor management. In light of existing clinical evidence, future efforts should further refine the multi-dimensional risk stratification system, facilitate the implementation of intelligent screening and continuous monitoring technologies, and scale up health education and follow-up management for hypertensive populations. Such measures aim to appropriately expand the pool of eligible blood donors while safeguarding donation safety, ultimately achieving coordinated improvement in blood safety and blood supply capacity.

Infectious diseases continue to pose a threat to global public health. Successive global shocks caused by emerging and re-emerging pathogens have continuously challenged existing surveillance systems, highlighting the urgent need to build efficient and precise pathogen surveillance networks. Pathogen genomic databases have been developed rapidly in recent two decades, significantly improving the molecular identification, evolutionary analysis, and transmission tracking of pathogens, and changing disease surveillance strategies and patterns. This paper summarizes the developmental history and current state of pathogen genomic databases, and discusses their applications in public health, including pathogen variation surveillance, emerging or suspected pathogen identification, and epidemiological tracing. Furthermore, this paper systematically analyzes the limitations and key challenges faced by current global health prevention and control system, and suggests the focus of the development of online pathogen databases to address existing shortcomings, ultimately improve global infectious disease surveillance and early warning

AIM:To observe the defocus state and myopia control in myopic children wearing single-vision, defocus, and orthokeratology lenses using multispectral refraction topography(MRT).METHODS: A total of 279 myopic patients aged 8-14 years old, with a spherical equivalent(SE)from -7.00 to -0.50 D, treated at the Chengdu Aier Eye Hospital from June 2022 to December 2023. Patients who volunteered for the study were assigned to three groups. A total of 94 cases were provided with single-vision spectacle lenses(SVL group), 90 cases received individualized ocular refraction customization(IORC group), and 95 cases received orthokeratology lenses(OK group). Simultaneously, the three groups were further categorized into low(-3.00 to -0.50 D), moderate(-6.00 to -3.25 D), and high myopia(-7.00 to -6.25 D)groups according to different SE. MRT was used to measure and compare the defocus changes of the retina in supperior, inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants(RDV-S, RDV-I, RDV-N, RDV-T), and three angles of field of view, including 0-15°, 15°-30°, and 30°-45°(RDV-15, RDV-30, RDV-45)in the three groups(the data divide for the connected regions is grouped to the latter group). A one-way analysis of variance was used for intergroup comparisons. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to analyze the factors related to changes in the axial length(AL)at 1 a after intervention.RESULTS:There were significant differences in 1-year SE and AL growth among patients in the SVL, IORC, and OK groups before and after intervention(P<0.001). The 1-year SE and the difference of AL growth in patients with low myopia was significantly different among SVL, IORC, and OK groups(P<0.001); however, there was no significant difference between the IORC and OK groups(P>0.05); there were significant differences in the SE and AL growth changes between the OK group and the IORC and SVL groups in moderate myopia(P<0.001); and there were significant differences between the OK group and the IORC and SVL groups in SE and AL growth of high myopia group after wearing lenses for 1 a(P<0.001), while there were no significant differences between the IORC and SVL groups(P>0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in the relative peripheral refractive errors(RPRE)of 4 quadrants and 3 eccentric regions among the three groups of patients in different degrees of myopia groups(P<0.001). Pair-wise comparison of the growth difference of eccentric D-RDV-15 in low myopia group after wearing lenses for 1 a showed significant differences between the SVL, IORC, and OK groups(P<0.001), but no significant differences between the IORC and OK groups(P>0.05). The angle of field of view D-RDV-30 in moderate myopia subgroups was statistically different between the SVL group and the IORC and OK groups after wearing lenses for 1 a(P<0.001), while the IORC and OK groups showed no significant differences(P>0.05); the angle of field of view D-RDV-15 in high myopia subgroups was statistically different between the OK group and the IORC and SVL groups after wearing lenses for 1 a(P<0.001), but there was no significant difference between the IORC and SVL groups(P>0.05). Univariate and multivariate linear regression model analysis showed that the changes in D-TRVD, D-RDV-45, D-RDV-N, and D-RDV-I correlated with the increase in the difference in 1 a AL.CONCLUSION: MRT can be used to guide the clinical control of myopia. Myopia development is related to the peripheral retinal defocus state, and the difference of defocus quantity in the inferior nasal side at 30°-45° eccentricity may be a factor regulating the rapid progression of myopia.

Infectious diseases continue to pose a threat to global public health. Successive global shocks caused by emerging and re-emerging pathogens have continuously challenged existing surveillance systems, highlighting the urgent need to build efficient and precise pathogen surveillance networks. Pathogen genomic databases have been developed rapidly in recent two decades, significantly improving the molecular identification, evolutionary analysis, and transmission tracking of pathogens, and changing disease surveillance strategies and patterns. This paper summarizes the developmental history and current state of pathogen genomic databases, and discusses their applications in public health, including pathogen variation surveillance, emerging or suspected pathogen identification, and epidemiological tracing. Furthermore, this paper systematically analyzes the limitations and key challenges faced by current global health prevention and control system, and suggests the focus of the development of online pathogen databases to address existing shortcomings, ultimately improve global infectious disease surveillance and early warning

The neonatal mammalian heart has a remarkable regenerative capacity, while the adult heart has difficulty to regenerate. A metabolic reprogramming from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation occurs along with the loss of cardiomyocyte proliferative capacity shortly after birth. In this study, we sought to determine if and how metabolic reprogramming regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation. Reversing metabolic reprogramming by carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) inhibition, using cardiac-specific Cpt1a and Cpt1b knockout mice promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation and improved cardiac function post-myocardial infarction. The inhibition of CPT1 is of pharmacological significance because those protective effects were replicated by etomoxir, a CPT1 inhibitor. CPT1 inhibition, by decreasing poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 expression, reduced ADP-ribosylation of dual-specificity phosphatase 1 in cardiomyocytes, leading to decreased p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and stimulation of cardiomyocyte proliferation. Our present study indicates that reversing metabolic reprogramming is an effective strategy to stimulate adult cardiomyocyte proliferation. CPT1 is a potential therapeutic target for promoting heart regeneration and myocardial infarction treatment.

Objective:To establish the evaluation criteria for the quality of nursing care in orthopaedic trauma specialties, and to provide a basis for scientific evaluation of the quality of nursing care in orthopaedic trauma specialties.Methods:From February to October 2023, John Hopkinson evidence-based method was used to synthesize the evidence, clinical investigation and semi-structured interview were used to draw up the "quality standard of nursing care in orthopaedic trauma specialty", and two rounds of Delphi method of expert inquiry were used to screen, demonstrate and calibrate the evaluation standard of nursing quality in orthopaedic trauma specialty.Results:The questionnaire recovery rate of 2 rounds of expert consultation was 100.00%, the coefficient of familiarity and authority of 2 rounds of expert consultation were 0.92 and 0.93. Through 2 rounds of expert letter consultation, the quality evaluation criteria of orthopaedic trauma specialist care were established, including 3 first-level indicators (structural quality, process quality and outcome quality), 22 second-level indicators and 85 third-level indicators.Conclusions:The process of constructing the evaluation standard of nursing quality in orthopaedic trauma specialty is scientific and reliable, which can provide standard guidance for clinical practice and is conducive to the development of specialized nursing.

Objective To study the regulation effects of Bazhen Decoction combined with Baizhu Fuzi Decoction on glucose metabolism and estrogen level in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome.Methods The rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome was established by subcutaneous injection of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)combined with insulin.Rats were randomly divided into the polycystic ovary syndrome group,the Baizhu Fuzi Tang group(6.4 g/kg),the Bazhen Tang group(9.2 g/kg),the Bazhen Tang combined with Baizhu Fuzi Tang group(11.55 g/kg)and the diethylstilbestrol group(0.5 mg/kg).A blank control group(unmodulated rats)was set up with 10 rats in each group.The uterine index of rats was determined and calculated.Fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 h postprandish blood glucose(2 h PBG)and fasting insulin(FINS)were determined and insulin sensitivity index(ISI)and insulin resistance index(IR)were calculated.Serum estradiol(E2),testosterone(T),luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),prolactin(PRL),anti-Mullerian tube hormone(AMH)and insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin(IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,total peroxidase activity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in ovarian tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The pathological changes of ovarian tissue were detected by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)was used to determine mRNA levels of ARA70,CBP,SCR1 and HOXA10 in endometrium and mRNA expressions of AMPK,GLUT4 and PPARγ in ovarian tissue.Western blot assay was used to determine expression levels of AMPK,GLUT4 and PPARγ in ovarian tissue.Results Compared with the polycystic ovary syndrome group,uterine index,FINS,FBG,2 h PBG,IR levels,serum T,LH,FSH,PRL,AMH,IGF-1 levels,ovarian tissue CRP,IL-6,TNF-α,T-AOC and MDA level,endometrial ARA70,CBP,SCR1 mRNA level of rats decreased significantly in the Baizhu Fuzi decoction group,the Bazhen decoction group and the Bazhen decoction combined with Baizhu Fuzi decoction group(P＜0.05).ISI level,serum E2 level,ovarian tissue SOD level,endometrial HOXA10 mRNA level,ovarian tissue AMPK,GLUT4 and PPARγ mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The above indexes were significantly changed in the Bazhen decoction and Bazhu Fuzi decoction group than those of the Bazhu Fuzi decoction group and the Bazhen decoction group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Bazhen Decoction combined with Baizhu Fuzi Decoction can regulate glucose metabolism,inhibit ovarian tissue oxidation and inflammatory damage,improve endometrium tolerance,regulate estrogen level,and improve the progression of polycystic ovary syndrome in rats.The mechanism may be related to the regulation of AMPK/GLUT4/PPARγ pathway.