Objective To evaluate the current status of compliance with animal experiment reporting guidelines in medical research papers published in Chinese and to enhance the transparency of medical research reporting.Methods Using a predefined literature search strategy,we conducted searches in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)database for literature published in 2019 and 2022 in journals indexed in A Guide to the Core Journals of China published by Peking University Library.We focused on 22 pieces of key information required in the ARRIVE Guidelines 2.0.These pieces of information concerned 6 items of the ARRIVE Essential 10 Items,including study design,sample size,randomization,statistical methods,and experimental animals,and 3 items of the ARRIVE Recommended Set,including abstract,ethical statement,and declaration of interests.We conducted statistical analysis of the reporting rates of the key information in the research publications included in the study.Results A total of 4818 research papers were included in the analysis,and none comprehensively reported all 22 pieces of information investigated in the study.Most of the research papers published in 2019 and 2022 reported information on the control groups,with the reporting rate for the respective years being 99.8％(2461/2467)and 99.7％(2343/2351).Although the sample size reporting rates were 79.2％(1954/2467)for research papers published in 2019 and 77.2％(1815/2351)for those published in 2022,none described the method and rationale of sample size calculation.The reporting rates of randomisation and blinding methods were approximately 20％and 1％,respectively.The reporting of statistical methods increased slightly from 91.8％in 2019 to 96.0％in 2022.The reporting of information on the experimental animals showed mixed trends for 2019 and 2022,including the provenance of animals(93.8％vs.93.7％,P＞0.05),strains and substrains(99.1％vs.99.2％,P=0.514),sex(94.1％vs.92.7％,P=0.044),age(58.1％vs.70.6％,P＜0.001),weight(84.4％vs.81.9％,P=0.020),and health status(66.0％vs.75.5％,P＜0.001).Research papers published in both 2019 and 2022 had relatively low rates of reporting animal ethics review(15.8％vs.38.9％)and animal ethics principles adhered to(9.8％vs.21.3％),declaration of interests(2.3％vs.10.6％),and accurate summaries of animal-related information in the abstracts(9.16％vs.8.13％).In particular,the reporting rate of the animal ethics statement and the declaration of interests increased significantly high in 2022 compared to that in 2019(P＜0.001).Conclusions Since ARRIVE Guidelines 2.0 was released,transparency in the reporting of most of the ARRIVE checklist items of interest in this study has improved significantly.However,the reporting of randomization,blinding,ethical statement,and declaration of interests still need further improvement and should be prioritized for future efforts.

Visual impairment refers to the loss of visual acuity or reduction in visual field in both eyes due to various reasons.Patients with visual impairment experience fall fear,thereby causing ac-tivity limitation.This study reviewed the definition of fall fear,summarized the assessment tools for fall fear,and discussed the current research status and nursing progress regarding fall fear in patients with visual impairment,aiming to provide references for clinical nursing practice and research.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Yunkang oral liquid on postpartum kidney deficiency in mice. MethodPostpartum mice were randomized into model and low-dose （6 mL·kg^-1）， medium-dose （9 mL·kg^-1）， and high-dose （12 mL·kg^-1） Yunkang oral liquid groups. The mouse model of postpartum kidney deficiency was established by sleep deprivation combined with forced swimming. Another 9 female ICR mice were selected as the normal control group. The mice were administrated with Yunkang oral liquid during the period of modeling. The levels of estradiol （E₂）， progesterone （P）， follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， and luteinizing hormone （LH） in the serum were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The morphological changes of ovaries and uterus were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， and the expression of transforming growth factor （TGF）-β and Smad2/3 was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. ResultThe mice in the model group showed prolonged estrous cycle， reduced voluntary activity， dorsal temperature， grip strength， and bone strength， and whitening tongue coating. Compared with the model group， Yunkang oral liquid shortened the estrous cycle， increased the voluntary activity， dorsal temperature， grip strength， and bone strength， and alleviated the whitening of tongue coating. Moreover， it elevated the E₂ and P levels and lowered the FSH and LH levels in the serum， decreased ovarian follicular atresia rate， promoted uterine repair， and down-regulated the expression of TGF-β and Smad2/3 in the ovarian and uterine tissues. ConclusionYunkang oral liquid can ameliorate postpartum kidney deficiency in mice by regulating the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway.

Background The development of railways has a long history, but there is limited research on the health of railway workers at home and abroad. China's high-speed railway development has attracted worldwide attention in recent years, and it is of great significance to study how to promote the health of this occupational population to ensure the safety of railway transportation. Objective To identify development trends and hotspots in the field of railway workers' health at home and abroad. Methods The research literature related to the health of railroad workers dated from January 1, 1973 to December 31, 2022 was searched using the China Knowledge Network Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) databases. After screening and cleaning, the included literature was subjected to bibliometric analysis by applying CiteSpace 6.1R6 software to visualize and analyze literature co-citation, keyword emergence, and keyword timeline graphs, and by VOSviewer 1.6.19 to visualize and analyze country/region collaboration, keyword co-occurrence, and keyword clustering. Results During the period from 1973 until 2022, a total of 273 Chinese literature and 165 English literature were found to report studies related to the health of railway workers. The Chinese literature began to grow rapidly in 2009 and peaked in 2015, and the number of English literature published in a relatively flat state over the studied period. The country with the most papers indexed by Science Citation Index (SCI) was the United States (58 papers), which also presented the richest international collaborations. The document with the highest domestic citation frequency was published in the Chinese Journal of Mental Health in 1994, and the document with the highest SCI citation frequency was published in the American Journal of Epidemiology in 1994. The keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that the included Chinese literature mainly focused on health checkups, health management, hypertension, mental health, and chronic diseases and their prevalence; the included English literature focused on mortality, lung cancer, epidemiology, and diesel engine exhaust and its exposure. The analysis of emergent words showed that health management, frontline workers, and occupational stress were the topics of interest in Chinese literature in the last five years, while occupational stress, diesel exhaust emissions, and noise exposure were the topics of interest in English literature in the last ten years. The results of the timeline graph analysis suggested that the recent research directions in Chinese literature were health intervention, humanistic care, staff canteens, etc. There were few English-language articles related to this area after 2010. Conclusion The research hotspots of railroad practitioners' health will keep changing with the development of high-speed railways in countries around the world. The outstanding rise of Chinese literature issued in the last decade has been in striking contrast to the slow progress and decreasing of English literature. The Chinese literature has gradually expanded the hotspots from chronic diseases to health management, occupational stress, and sleep disorders.

Detailed characterizations of genomic alterations have not identified subtype-specific vulnerabilities in adult gliomas. Mapping gliomas into developmental programs may uncover new vulnerabilities that are not strictly related to genomic alterations. After identifying conserved gene modules co-expressed with EGFR or PDGFRA (EM or PM), we recently proposed an EM/PM classification scheme for adult gliomas in a histological subtype- and grade-independent manner. By using cohorts of bulk samples, paired primary and recurrent samples, multi-region samples from the same glioma, single-cell RNA-seq samples, and clinical samples, we here demonstrate the temporal and spatial stability of the EM and PM subtypes. The EM and PM subtypes, which progress in a subtype-specific mode, are robustly maintained in paired longitudinal samples. Elevated activities of cell proliferation, genomic instability and microenvironment, rather than subtype switching, mark recurrent gliomas. Within individual gliomas, the EM/PM subtype was preserved across regions and single cells. Malignant cells in the EM and PM gliomas were correlated to neural stem cell and oligodendrocyte progenitor cell compartment, respectively. Thus, while genetic makeup may change during progression and/or within different tumor areas, adult gliomas evolve within a neurodevelopmental framework of the EM and PM molecular subtypes. The dysregulated developmental pathways embedded in these molecular subtypes may contain subtype-specific vulnerabilities.
Humans ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/metabolism* ; Glioma/pathology* ; Neural Stem Cells/pathology* ; Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells/pathology* ; Tumor Microenvironment

Objective To investigate the application of resistive exercise combined with Buerger exercise in lower extremity vascular disease of type 2 diabetes mellitus .Methods According to the order of admission ,120 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with lower extremity vascular disease were randomly divided into resistance exercise group ,Buerger exercise group and combined exercise group ,with 40 cases in each group .The resistance exercise group was given resistance exercise ,the Buerger exercise group was given Buerger exercise ,and the combined exercise group was given resistance exercise combined with Buerger movement .The changes of self -inductance ,ABI and DAWV of the three groups were observed .Results The clinical symptoms of the three groups were significantly reduced ( the resistance exercise group:markedly effective in 10 cases,effective in 14 cases;the Burger exercise group:markedly effective in 15 cases,effective in 17 cases;the combined exercise group: markedly effective in 22 cases,effective in 13 cases),the effective rate of the combined exercise group was higher than that of the resistance exercise group and Buerger exercise group ( the resistance exercise group:60.0％;the Burger exercise group:80.0％;the combined exercise group:87.5％,χ2 =11.333,P <0.05).The ABI of the three groups were higher than those before treatment,and the ABI ratio of the combined exercise group [(0.933 ±0.113)]was higher than that of the resistance exercise group[(0.866 ±0.112)] and the Buerger exercise group[(0.888 ±0.111)](t=1.796,2.663,all P<0.05 ) .The DAWV of the three groups increased compared with those before treatment , and the DAWV of the combined exercise group[(7.023 ±0.535)cm/s]was higher than that of the resistance exercise group [(6.633 ± 0.552)cm/s] and the Buerger exercise group [(6.772 ±0.435) cm/s] (t =2.302,3.209,all P <0.05). Conclusion Resistant exercise combined with Buerger exercise is helpful to improve the blood flow velocity and blood flow in the lower extremity vessel of patients with diabetic lower limb vascular disease , and can improve the self-sensitization symptoms of peripheral neuropathy in patients .

Objective To investigate MRI features of cystic oligodendrocytoma.Methods MRI features of 10 patients with oligodendroglial tumors proved with operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among 10 patients,lesionslocated on the supratentorium in 8 patients,while on the cerebellar vermis in 2 patients.Solitary lesion was found in 9 cases,and multiple lesions were found in 1 case.Complete cystic lesions were observed in 4 cases,large cystic lesions with solid nodules were found in 3 cases,and multi-cystic lesions were found in 3 cases.Smooth cyst wall of lesions were found in 7 cases,locally depressed and rough wall were found in 3 cases.Calcifications were found in 3 cases.Mild peritumoral edema was found in 9 cases,moderate to severe edema was found in 1 case.The lesions significantly enhanced in 3 cases,ring enhanced in 3 cases,and locally enhanced in 1 case.Conclusion COD is difficult to diagnose,but has certain MRI characteristics.COD should be considered when supratentorial complete cystic lesion or large cystic lesion with septum and/or solid nodule was found with MRI.

Objective To study the application of walking combined with Buerger exercise in the treatment of grade 0 diabetic foot.Methods Eighty patients with grade 0 diabetic foot were randomly divided into observation group and control group.The control group was trained by walking exercise .The observation group was trained by walking combined with Buerger exercise through 12 months of training.The changes of self-sensory symptoms,ABI and DAWV were observed.Results The self-sensory symptoms of the two groups were significantly decreased (observation group: markedly effective 15 cases,effective 19 cases;control group: markedly effective 5 cases,effective 23 cases).The effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (85% vs.70%,χ2 =7.831,P <0.05).The ABI ratio of the two groups were higher than those before treatment ,and the ABI ratio of the observation group was higher than that of the control group [(0.889 ±0.113) vs.(0.842 ±0.124),t =1.772 P <0.05].The ratio of DAWV in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [(6.772 ±0.435)cm/s vs.(6.543 ±0.552)cm/s,t =2.061,P <0.05].Conclusion Walking combined with Buerger exercise can improve the blood flow velocity and blood flow of the collateral circulation of the lower limbs of patients with grade 0 diabetic foot,and improve the self-sensory symptoms of peripheral neuropathy .

Objective:To investigate the expression levels of PPARα/γin RAW264. 7 cells in the early stages of co-cultivation with Echinococcus granulosus in vitro. Methods:RAW264. 7 cells were co-cultured with E. granulosus and collected at 12,24,36,48, 72 h. The mRNA levels of PPAR-γ,PPAR-α,M1 macrophages-associated cytokines including TNF-α,MCP-1 and IL-1β,and M2 mac-rophages-associated cytokines including Arg-1,TGF-β and Fizz-1 were detected by qRT-PCR. The protein levels of Arg-1 and MR were analyzed by ELISA. Results:The expression levels of PPAR-γ, PPAR-αand the M2 macrophages-associated cytokines including Arg-1,TGF-β,Fizz-1 and MR were significantly increased,especially at 72 h (P<0. 05). M1 macrophages-associated cytokines including TNF-α,MCP-1 and IL-1β were decreased at 72h although increased at first. Conclusion:During the early stages of co-cultivation with Echinococcus granulosus in vitro, the levels of PPAR-γ/α are up-regulated in RAW264. 7 cells, which may drive macrophage polarization and play a role in the immune escape.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of curcumin on Aβ1-42 damaged cells. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were cultured with Aβ1-4210μmol · L-1 in the absence or presence of curcumin 1, 5 or 10 μmol · L-1. Cell viability was assayed by MTT. Cell membrane damage was detected by the concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in culture medium. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry with Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was characterized by fluorescence of JC-1 dye. Enzymatic activity of caspases-9 and-3 was measured by colorimetric assay. Protein expression of caspase-3 was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with vehicle control, the cell viability, concentration of LDH and both early and late apoptosis in Aβ1-4210 μmol · L-1 damaged group were decreased(P<0.01). However, the cell viability, release of LDH and both early and late apoptosis in curcumin group were promoted compared with that in Aβ1-4210μmol·L-1 damaged group. Curcumin inhibited Aβ1-42-induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential(P<0.01), and attenuated Aβ1-42-induced activation of both caspases9 and caspases3 in a concentration-dependent manner, respectively(r=0.990, P<0.01; r=0.996, P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the above detected indexes between curcumin 10 μmol · L-1 group and vehicle control group. CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibits Aβ1-42-induced cell damage and apoptosis by promoting mitochondrial membrane potential and depressing the activation of caspases.