Objective To study the objective changes and effects of speech characteristics in patients with nasal endoscopic surgery,and to analyze the relationship between surgery and changes in vocal tract structure.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 45 patients who underwent nasal endoscopic surgery from June 2023 to December 2023.Among them,13 patients underwent nasal septum deviation correction surgery and/or nasal polypectomy and/or turbinate shaping surgery group(G1 group),11 patients underwent simple sinus opening surgery group(G2 group),and 21 patients underwent nasal sinus opening+nasal septum deviation correction surgery and/or nasal polypectomy and/or nasal turbinate shaping surgery group(G3 group).Spectrogram detection was completed before and 1 month after surgery.Nasal resistance(Refft value),acoustic indicators resonance peak frequency(F1-F4),bandwidth(B1-B4),difference between F1 amplitude and nasal murmur resonance peak amplitude(A1-P0),and difference between F1 and nasal murmur resonance peak amplitude(A1-P1)under different sound tasks(oral vowels,nasal vowels,and phrases and short sentences containing nasal vowels)were analyzed.Results After surgery,there was no significant change in the acoustic indicators in any of the groups,and the Refft value significantly decreased.The change in the resonance peak of oral vowels was not significant,but the bandwidth significantly decreased.A1-P1 in each group showed an upward trend after surgery,while A1-P0 showed a downward trend after surgery.Among them,A1-P1 in G1 group showed a significant increase compared to preoperative levels in/ma/,/na/,/mi/,and/ni/,and A1-P0 showed a significant decrease in/ma/and/na/compared to preoperative levels.There were statisti-cally significant differences in A1-P0 between G2 group and preoperative group in both/ma/and/na/.The A1-P1 levels in G3 group showed significant differences compared to preoperative levels in/mi/and/ni/,and A1-P0 showed significant differences compared to preoperative levels in/ma/and/na/.Conclusion Nasal endoscopic surgery may have a measurable impact on the patient's speech.The spectrogram can be used to evaluate the postoperative pronuncia-tion characteristics of nasal endoscopy,with A1-P1 being a better measurement indicator for high vowels/i/and A1-P0 being a better measurement indicator for non high vowels/a/.

Objective To study the objective changes and effects of speech characteristics in patients with nasal endoscopic surgery,and to analyze the relationship between surgery and changes in vocal tract structure.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 45 patients who underwent nasal endoscopic surgery from June 2023 to December 2023.Among them,13 patients underwent nasal septum deviation correction surgery and/or nasal polypectomy and/or turbinate shaping surgery group(G1 group),11 patients underwent simple sinus opening surgery group(G2 group),and 21 patients underwent nasal sinus opening+nasal septum deviation correction surgery and/or nasal polypectomy and/or nasal turbinate shaping surgery group(G3 group).Spectrogram detection was completed before and 1 month after surgery.Nasal resistance(Refft value),acoustic indicators resonance peak frequency(F1-F4),bandwidth(B1-B4),difference between F1 amplitude and nasal murmur resonance peak amplitude(A1-P0),and difference between F1 and nasal murmur resonance peak amplitude(A1-P1)under different sound tasks(oral vowels,nasal vowels,and phrases and short sentences containing nasal vowels)were analyzed.Results After surgery,there was no significant change in the acoustic indicators in any of the groups,and the Refft value significantly decreased.The change in the resonance peak of oral vowels was not significant,but the bandwidth significantly decreased.A1-P1 in each group showed an upward trend after surgery,while A1-P0 showed a downward trend after surgery.Among them,A1-P1 in G1 group showed a significant increase compared to preoperative levels in/ma/,/na/,/mi/,and/ni/,and A1-P0 showed a significant decrease in/ma/and/na/compared to preoperative levels.There were statisti-cally significant differences in A1-P0 between G2 group and preoperative group in both/ma/and/na/.The A1-P1 levels in G3 group showed significant differences compared to preoperative levels in/mi/and/ni/,and A1-P0 showed significant differences compared to preoperative levels in/ma/and/na/.Conclusion Nasal endoscopic surgery may have a measurable impact on the patient's speech.The spectrogram can be used to evaluate the postoperative pronuncia-tion characteristics of nasal endoscopy,with A1-P1 being a better measurement indicator for high vowels/i/and A1-P0 being a better measurement indicator for non high vowels/a/.

Objective:To compare the effect of temporal external fixator and digital guide plate in the immediate reconstruction of mandibular defect after segmental mandibulectomy.Methods:The clinical data of all patients who received segmental mandibulectomy and immediate mandibular reconstruction with free vascularized bone graft by a single surgical team in the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from August 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different auxiliary methods, the patients were divided into temporal external fixator (TEF) group and computer aided design-manufacture (CAD-CAM) group. The width of mandible, length of mandibular body and vertical dimension of inferior 1/3 face were measured by CT before and one month after surgery, and the difference before and after surgery was calculated to evaluate the surgical effect. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis, and the data were expressed as Mean ± SD. Independent sample t-test was used for comparison of indexes of surgical time and surgical effect evaluation between the two groups, and P<0.05 indicated statistically significant differences. Results:A total of 29 patients were enrolled, including 13 patients in TEF group, 4 males and 9 females, aged (47.7±14.5) years, including 7 ameloblastomas, 2 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 abnormal proliferation of bone fibers, 1 rhabdomyosarcoma and 1 osteosarcoma. In the CAD-CAM group, there were 16 cases, including 11 males and 5 females, aged (42.4±19.7) years, including 10 ameloblastomas, 3 squamous cell carcinomas, 1 osteoblastoma, 1 otogenic fibromyxoma and 1 osteosarcoma. The bone grafts in 29 patients were all alive, the wounds healed primarily, and the occlusal relationship and facial contour of the patients were fine. After 3 years follow-up, there were no postoperative complications and tumor recurrence. The function of the supply area was not affected. The operative time was (7.12±1.40) h in the TEF group and (4.72±1.10) h in the CAD-CAM group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.01). In the TEF group, the difference of the width of mandible, length of mandibular body and vertical dimension of inferior 1/3 face were (1.08±1.12) mm, (2.08±1.61) mm, (1.77±3.15) mm, respectively; CAD-CAM group were (0.88±1.15) mm, (0.94±1.34) mm, (0.87±1.47) mm, respectively, and there was no statistical significance between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:It took significantly longer to perform immediate mandibular reconstruction assisted by TEF than that assisted by CAD-CAM in surgery, but both groups achieved better surgical results. It is simpler and more effective to use TEF when time is urgent or technology is too limited to carry out preoperative digital design.

Objective:To compare the effect of temporal external fixator and digital guide plate in the immediate reconstruction of mandibular defect after segmental mandibulectomy.Methods:The clinical data of all patients who received segmental mandibulectomy and immediate mandibular reconstruction with free vascularized bone graft by a single surgical team in the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from August 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different auxiliary methods, the patients were divided into temporal external fixator (TEF) group and computer aided design-manufacture (CAD-CAM) group. The width of mandible, length of mandibular body and vertical dimension of inferior 1/3 face were measured by CT before and one month after surgery, and the difference before and after surgery was calculated to evaluate the surgical effect. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis, and the data were expressed as Mean ± SD. Independent sample t-test was used for comparison of indexes of surgical time and surgical effect evaluation between the two groups, and P<0.05 indicated statistically significant differences. Results:A total of 29 patients were enrolled, including 13 patients in TEF group, 4 males and 9 females, aged (47.7±14.5) years, including 7 ameloblastomas, 2 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 abnormal proliferation of bone fibers, 1 rhabdomyosarcoma and 1 osteosarcoma. In the CAD-CAM group, there were 16 cases, including 11 males and 5 females, aged (42.4±19.7) years, including 10 ameloblastomas, 3 squamous cell carcinomas, 1 osteoblastoma, 1 otogenic fibromyxoma and 1 osteosarcoma. The bone grafts in 29 patients were all alive, the wounds healed primarily, and the occlusal relationship and facial contour of the patients were fine. After 3 years follow-up, there were no postoperative complications and tumor recurrence. The function of the supply area was not affected. The operative time was (7.12±1.40) h in the TEF group and (4.72±1.10) h in the CAD-CAM group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.01). In the TEF group, the difference of the width of mandible, length of mandibular body and vertical dimension of inferior 1/3 face were (1.08±1.12) mm, (2.08±1.61) mm, (1.77±3.15) mm, respectively; CAD-CAM group were (0.88±1.15) mm, (0.94±1.34) mm, (0.87±1.47) mm, respectively, and there was no statistical significance between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:It took significantly longer to perform immediate mandibular reconstruction assisted by TEF than that assisted by CAD-CAM in surgery, but both groups achieved better surgical results. It is simpler and more effective to use TEF when time is urgent or technology is too limited to carry out preoperative digital design.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling plays an important role in the regulation of cellular lipid metabolism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, little is known about the role of the regulatory subunits of PI3K in lipid metabolism and NAFLD. In this study, we characterized the functional role of PIK3R3 in fasting-induced hepatic lipid metabolism. In this study, we showed that the overexpression of PIK3R3 promoted hepatic fatty acid oxidation via PIK3R3-induced expression of PPARα, thus improving the fatty liver phenotype in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. By contrast, hepatic PIK3R3 knockout in normal mice led to increased hepatic TG levels. Our study also showed that PIK3R3-induced expression of PPARα was dependent on HNF4α. The novel PIK3R3-HNF4α-PPARα signaling axis plays a significant role in hepatic lipid metabolism. As the activation of PIK3R3 decreased hepatosteatosis, PIK3R3 can be considered a promising novel target for developing NAFLD and metabolic syndrome therapies.
Animals ; Diet, High-Fat ; Fatty Liver ; Lipid Metabolism ; Mice ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Phenotype ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase

This study examined the synergetic effect of class IA Phosphoinositide 3-kinases catalytic subunit p110β knockdown in conjunction with oxaliplatin treatment on colon cancer cells. Down-regulation of p110β by siRNA interference and oxaliplatin treatment were applied in colon cancer cell lines HT29, SW620 and HCT116. MTT assay was used to measure the inhibitory effect of p110β knockdown on the proliferation of colon cancer cell lines. SubG1 assay and Annexin-V FITC/PI double-labeling cytometry were applied to detect cell apoptosis. And cell cycle was evaluated by using PI staining and flow cytometry. The expression of caspase 3, cleaved PARP, p-Akt, T-Akt and p110β was determined by western blotting. The results suggested that down-regulation of p110β expression by siRNA obviously reduced cell number via accumulation in G(0)-G(1) phase of the cell cycle in the absence of notablely increased apoptosis in colon cancer cell lines HT29 and SW620 (S phase arrest in HCT116). Moreover, inhibition of p110β expression increased oxaliplatin-induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HT29, HCT116 and SW620 cell lines. In addition, increases of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP induced by oxaliplatin treatment were determined by immunoblotting in p110β knockdown group compared with normal control group and wild-type group. It is concluded that down-regulated expression of p110β could inhibit colon cancer cells proliferation and result in increased chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin through augmentation of oxaliplatin-induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.

This study examined the synergetic effect of class IA Phosphoinositide 3-kinases catalytic subunit p110β knockdown in conjunction with oxaliplatin treatment on colon cancer cells.Down-regulation of p110β by siRA interference and oxaliplatin treatment were applied in colon cancer cell lines HT29,SW620 and HCT116.MTT assay was used to measure the inhibitory effect of p110 knockdown on the proliferation of colon cancer cell lines.SubG1 assay and Annexin-V FITC/PI double-labeling cytometry were applied to detect cell apoptosis.And cell cycle was evaluated by using PI staining and flow cytometry.The expression of caspase 3,cleaved PARP,p-Akt,T-Akt and p 110β was dctermined by western blotting.The results suggested that down-regulation of p110β expression by siRNA obviously reduced cell number via accumulation in G0-G1 phase of the cell cycle in the absence of notablely increased apoptosis in colon cancer cell lines HT29 and SW620 (S phase arrest in -HCT116).Moreover,inhibition of p110β expression increased oxaliplatin-induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HT29,HCT116 and SW620 cell lines.In addition,increases of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP induced by oxaliplatin treatment were determined by immunoblotting in p110β knockdown group compared with normal control group and wild-type group.It is concluded that down-regulated expression of p110β could inhibit colon cancer cells proliferation and result in increased chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin through augmentation of oxaliplatin-induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.

This study examined the role of regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) in gastric cancer metastasis and the associated mechanism. The expression of RANTES and CCR5 was detected by using immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting in the gastric cancer tissues obtained from 60 gastric cancer patients with or without lymph node metastasis (n=30 in each). The results showed that the expression levels of RANTES and CCR5 were higher in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis than in that without metastasis (P<0.05). The expression levels of RANTES in 30 lymph nodes with cancerous invasion were higher than in 30 normal lymph nodes (P<0.05). Chemotactic test revealed that the number of migrating gastric cancer cells (n=295.0±54.6) induced by the protein of cancer-invading lymph nodes was greater than that by the protein mixture from cancer-invading lymph nodes and RANTES antibody (n=42.5±11.6) (P<0.05). RT-PCR showed that the expression levels of the main Th1 cytokines (IL-2, Γ-IFN) were lower in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis (2.22±0.90, 3.26±1.15 respectively) than in that without metastasis (3.07±1.67, 4.77±1.52 respectively) (P<0.05), but the expression level of the main Th 2 cytokine (IL-10) was higher in gastric cancer with lymph nodes metastasis (6.06±2.04) than in that without metastasis (4.88±1.87) (P<0.05). It was concluded that RANTES and its receptor CCR5 may contribute to gastric cancer metastasis through influencing the balance of Th1/Th2. RANTES and CCR5 may become a marker of gastric cancer metastasis.

This study examined the role of regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) in gastric cancer metastasis and the associated mechanism.The expression of RANTES and CCR5 was detected by using immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting in the gastric cancer tissues obtained from 60 gastric cancer patients with or without lymph node metastasis (n=30 in each).The results showed that the expression levels of RANTES and CCR5 were higher in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis than in that without metastasis (P＜0.05).The expression levels of RANTES in 30 lymph nodes with cancerous invasion were higher than in 30 normal lymph nodes (P＜0.05).Chemotactic test revealed that the number of migrating gastric cancer cells (n=295.0±54.6) induced by the protein of cancer-invading lymph nodes was greater than that by the protein mixture from cancer-invading lymph nodes and RANTES antibody (n=42.5+11.6) (P＜0.05).RT-PCR showed that the expression levels of the main Th1 cytokines (IL-2,γ-IFN) were lower in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis (2.22±0.90,3.26±1.15 respectively)than in that without metastasis (3.07±1.67,4.77±1.52 respectively) (P＜0.05),but the expression level of the main Th 2 cytokine (IL-10) was higher in gastric cancer with lymph nodes metastasis (6.06±2.04)than in that without metastasis (4.88±1.87) (P＜0.05).It was concluded that RANTES and its receptor CCR5 may contribute to gastric cancer metastasis through influencing the balance of Th1/Th2.RANTES and CCR5 may become a marker of gastric cancer metastasis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of retinoid-interferon-induced mortality (GRIM-19) gene on the apoptosis of colon cancer. Methods: A GRIM-19 eukaryotic expression vector (pCMV-Flag-GRIM-19) was constructed and transfected into SW480 cells. Expressions of GRIM-19 and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting analysis. Apoptosis of SW480 cells was measured by Annexin-V/PI assay and mitochondrial membrane potential JC-1 staining. Results: The GRIM-19 eukaryotic expression vector pCMV-Flag-GRIM-19 was successfully constructed. Expression of GRIM-19 in SW480 cells was up-regulated and that of apoptosis-related protein Bcl-xl was down-regulated after transfection with pCMV-Flag-GRIM-19. Apoptosis rate was (7.7±1.39)% in SW480 cells transfected with pCMV-Flag empty vector and (15.0 ± 2.52)% in pCMV-Flag-GRIM-19 transfected cells (P<0.05). Mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased in (7.5±2.09)% of pCMV-Flag transfected cells and (17.5±3.07)% of pCMV-Flag-GRIM-19 transfected cells (P<0.05). Conclusion: In vitro GRIM-19 transfection can effectively induce apoptosis of colon cancer SW480 cells.