Objective To analyze the influencing factors of malaria infection of labor service exported to overseas in Langfang City, in order to establish a visualization tool to assist clinicians in predicting the risk of malaria. Methods A total of 4 774 expatriate employees of the Nibei Pipeline Project of the Pipeline Bureau from October 2021 to August 2023 were taken as the subjects, and the gender, age, overseas residence area and Knowledge of malaria controlscores of the study subjects were investigated by questionnaire survey, and the possible risk factors of malaria were screened by logistic regression model. At the same time, the nomogram prediction model was established, and the subjects were divided into the training group and the validation group at a ratio of 2:1, and the area under the curve (ROC) and the decision curve were plotted to evaluate the prediction ability and practicability of the prediction model in this study. Results Among the 4 774 study subjects, 96 cases of malaria occurred, and the detection rate was 2.01%. Junior school （OR=1.723，95% CI:1.361-2.173）， and residence in rural areas（OR=2.091，95%CI:1.760 -3.100）were risk factors (OR>1), while protective measures（OR=0.826，95% CI : 0.781 - 0.901） and high malaria education scores （OR=0.872，95% CI : 0.621 - 0.899）were protective factors.The nomogram prediction model results showed that the area under the curve of the nomogram prediction model in the training group was 0.94 (95% CI : 0.85 - 1.00), while the validation group was 0.93 (95% CI : 0.80 - 1.00). The results of the decision curve showed that when the threshold probability of the population was 0-0.9, the nomogram model was used to predict the risk of malaria occurrence with the highest net income. Conclusion The nomogram prediction model (including gender, education, region, protection and malaria education score) established and validated in this study is of great value for clinicians to screen high-risk patients with malaria.

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with radiolabeled SSTR2 agonists is a treatment option that is highly effective in controlling metastatic and progressive neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Previous studies have shown that an SSTR2 agonist combined with albumin binding moiety Evans blue (denoted as ¹⁷⁷Lu-EB-TATE) is characterized by a higher tumor uptake and residence time in preclinical models and in patients with metastatic NETs. This study aimed to enhance the in vivo stability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ¹⁷⁷Lu-EB-TATE by replacing the maleimide-thiol group with a polyethylene glycol chain, resulting in a novel EB conjugated SSTR2-targeting radiopharmaceutical, ¹⁷⁷Lu-LNC1010, for PRRT. In preclinical studies, ¹⁷⁷Lu-LNC1010 exhibited good stability and SSTR2-binding affinity in AR42J tumor cells and enhanced uptake and prolonged retention in AR42J tumor xenografts. Thereafter, we presented the first-in-human dose escalation study of ¹⁷⁷Lu-LNC1010 in patients with advanced/metastatic NETs. ¹⁷⁷Lu-LNC1010 was well-tolerated by all patients, with minor adverse effects, and exhibited significant uptake and prolonged retention in tumor lesions, with higher tumor radiation doses than those of ¹⁷⁷Lu-EB-TATE. Preliminary PRRT efficacy results showed an 83% disease control rate and a 42% overall response rate after two ¹⁷⁷Lu-LNC1010 treatment cycles. These encouraging findings warrant further investigations through multicenter, prospective, and randomized controlled trials.

In 2025,the International Association of Pancreatology(IAP),in collaboration with the American Pancreatic Association,European Pancreatic Club,Indian Pancreas Club,and Japan Pancreas Society,released the International Association of Pancreatology revised guidelines on acute pancreatitis 2025.This edition represents a comprehensive revision of the 2013 guidelines,based on high-quality evidence accumulated over the past decade,particularly randomized controlled trials.The guidelines encompass 18 key areas-including pain management,fluid therapy,nutritional support,management of infected necrosis,complication control,discharge and follow-up,and recurrence prevention-offering a total of 96 recommendations that emphasize individualized treatment.These updates provide important guidance for standardizing clinical practice and improving outcomes in acute pancreatitis,while also indicating future research directions such as the development of targeted therapies.However,some recommendations remain limited by lower evidence quality,uncertain applicability in specific clinical settings,and insufficient consideration of economic burden and cost-effectiveness.

Objective To observe the value of T1 mapping combining diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)for noninvasive preoperative predicting tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte(TIL)level in invasive breast cancer.Methods Totally 143 patients with invasive breast cancer were retrospectively collected and divided into high group(TIL≥10％,n=73)and low group(TIL＜10％,n=70)according to TIL level by postoperation pathology.Clinicopathological information were collected,MRI features of breast cancer lesions were documented,mean T1 values(T1mean)and mean ADC values(ADCmean)were measured,and then were compared between groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictive factors of TIL levels,and a nomogram was constructed based on regression model.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and the area under the curve(AUC)were used to evaluate the predictive value for TIL levels.Results Compared with low group,high group had higher proportion of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)positivity(P＜0.05),and showed more circular/oval shapes and more smooth margins but less peritumoral edema(all P＜0.05).Significant differences of lesions enhancement pattern was found between groups(P＜0.05).T1mean and ADCmean were both higher in high group than those in low group(both P＜0.05).Lesions enhancement pattern,T1mean and ADCmean were all independent predictors of TIL levels in breast cancer.The AUC of nomogram combining the above 3 factors for predicting TIL level was 0.848,significantly higher than that of lesions enhancement pattern(AUC=0.569,Z=5.384,P＜0.05)and T1mean(AUC=0.662,Z=3.876,P＜0.05),but not statistically different with that of ADCmean(AUC=0.814,Z=1.578,P=0.115).Decision curve analysis showed that this nomogram had good clinical application value.Conclusion Combining T1 mapping and DWI could effectively predict level of TIL level in breast cancer before surgery.

In 2025,the International Association of Pancreatology(IAP),in collaboration with the American Pancreatic Association,European Pancreatic Club,Indian Pancreas Club,and Japan Pancreas Society,released the International Association of Pancreatology revised guidelines on acute pancreatitis 2025.This edition represents a comprehensive revision of the 2013 guidelines,based on high-quality evidence accumulated over the past decade,particularly randomized controlled trials.The guidelines encompass 18 key areas-including pain management,fluid therapy,nutritional support,management of infected necrosis,complication control,discharge and follow-up,and recurrence prevention-offering a total of 96 recommendations that emphasize individualized treatment.These updates provide important guidance for standardizing clinical practice and improving outcomes in acute pancreatitis,while also indicating future research directions such as the development of targeted therapies.However,some recommendations remain limited by lower evidence quality,uncertain applicability in specific clinical settings,and insufficient consideration of economic burden and cost-effectiveness.

Objective To observe the value of T1 mapping combining diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)for noninvasive preoperative predicting tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte(TIL)level in invasive breast cancer.Methods Totally 143 patients with invasive breast cancer were retrospectively collected and divided into high group(TIL≥10％,n=73)and low group(TIL＜10％,n=70)according to TIL level by postoperation pathology.Clinicopathological information were collected,MRI features of breast cancer lesions were documented,mean T1 values(T1mean)and mean ADC values(ADCmean)were measured,and then were compared between groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictive factors of TIL levels,and a nomogram was constructed based on regression model.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and the area under the curve(AUC)were used to evaluate the predictive value for TIL levels.Results Compared with low group,high group had higher proportion of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)positivity(P＜0.05),and showed more circular/oval shapes and more smooth margins but less peritumoral edema(all P＜0.05).Significant differences of lesions enhancement pattern was found between groups(P＜0.05).T1mean and ADCmean were both higher in high group than those in low group(both P＜0.05).Lesions enhancement pattern,T1mean and ADCmean were all independent predictors of TIL levels in breast cancer.The AUC of nomogram combining the above 3 factors for predicting TIL level was 0.848,significantly higher than that of lesions enhancement pattern(AUC=0.569,Z=5.384,P＜0.05)and T1mean(AUC=0.662,Z=3.876,P＜0.05),but not statistically different with that of ADCmean(AUC=0.814,Z=1.578,P=0.115).Decision curve analysis showed that this nomogram had good clinical application value.Conclusion Combining T1 mapping and DWI could effectively predict level of TIL level in breast cancer before surgery.

Objective:To employ qualitative research methods to evaluate the sustainability of the Shandong-Ministry of Health Action on Salt and Hypertension (SMASH) interventions and their influencing factors.Method:In September 2023, interviewees meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited through purposive sampling in Jinan, Shandong Province. A semi-structured interview guide was designed based on the CFIR and RE-AIM frameworks. Personal in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to gather insights on the feasibility, effectiveness, and sustainability of the project interventions from various stakeholders, including representatives from the government, food manufacturers, restaurants, academia, and residents.Results:A total of 15 individuals participated in in-depth interviews, involving six representatives from food manufacturers, four from restaurants, three from the government, and two from academia. There were four focus group discussions with 30 residents. The study found that at the individual resident level, health awareness and the availability of sodium reduction tools in the market could affect their salt reduction practices. For food manufacturers and restaurants, consumers′ preferences, technical challenges in reformulation, and government support were key factors determining the smooth progress of their salt reduction efforts. At the governmental level, multi-sectional coordination, chronic disease management demonstration areas, and the impact of the pandemic were the main factors influencing the implementation of sodium reduction interventions.Conclusion:Future endeavours should strengthen long-term management and optimise the complex influencing factors associated with intervention measures. This will be essential in sustaining and expanding the positive health outcomes achieved through the Shandong population sodium reduction strategy.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between immune function and age-related pulmonary fibrosis, as well as the potential impact of bacterial lysates on this condition.Methods:Twenty-four healthy male C57BL/6 mice, aged 24, were randomly divided into three groups: a control group(Group N), a pulmonary fibrosis group(Group M), and a pulmonary fibrosis+ bacterial lysis product intervention group(Group P). Mice in Groups M and P were intratracheally injected with bleomycin(5 mg/kg)to induce a mouse pulmonary fibrosis model, while mice in Group N were injected with saline.After modeling, mice in Group P were orally administered 0.4 ml of a bacterial lysis product once a day.After 28 days, lung tissue and blood samples were collected for analysis.Pathological changes in lung tissue were assessed using hematoxylin and tosin staining(HE)and Masson staining and the Ashcroft score.The expression of CD4+ and CD8+ in lung tissue was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.The levels of serum interferon-γ(INF-γ), interleukin-3(IL-13), and immunoglobulin A(IgA)protein were measured using Enzyme-linked Immuno Sorbent Assay(ELISA). The levels of INF-γ and IL-13 mRNA in lung tissue were determined using Real-Time Quantitative Transcription PCR(RT-qPCR). Additionally, the protein expression levels of matrix metalloprotein-9(MMP-9)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteincise 1(TIMP-1)in lung tissue were assessed using blot analysis.Results:The degree of lung fibrosis was significantly reduced in mice in group P compared with group M when treated with bacterial lysis products.Group M showed a significant decrease in the expression of CD4+ T cells and an increase in the expression of CD8+ T cells( P<0.05)compared to group N. Additionally, the content of IgA was decreased( P<0.05)in group M. On the other hand, group P showed a significant increase in the expression of CD4+ T cells and a decrease in the expression of CD8+ T cells( P<0.05)compared to group M. Furthermore, the content of IgA was elevated( P<0.05)in group P. After bacterial lysis product intervention, mRNA and protein expression levels of IFN-γ were elevated( P<0.05), while mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-13 were reduced( P<0.05). Moreover, protein expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was significantly up-regulated in group M compared with group N( P<0.05), and decreased after bacterial lysis product intervention( P<0.05). Conclusions:It is well-known that immune mechanisms play a crucial role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis.The use of bacterial lysates has been found to effectively regulate immune balance and mitigate the severity of pulmonary fibrosis in elderly mice.

Objective:To employ qualitative research methods to evaluate the sustainability of the Shandong-Ministry of Health Action on Salt and Hypertension (SMASH) interventions and their influencing factors.Method:In September 2023, interviewees meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited through purposive sampling in Jinan, Shandong Province. A semi-structured interview guide was designed based on the CFIR and RE-AIM frameworks. Personal in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to gather insights on the feasibility, effectiveness, and sustainability of the project interventions from various stakeholders, including representatives from the government, food manufacturers, restaurants, academia, and residents.Results:A total of 15 individuals participated in in-depth interviews, involving six representatives from food manufacturers, four from restaurants, three from the government, and two from academia. There were four focus group discussions with 30 residents. The study found that at the individual resident level, health awareness and the availability of sodium reduction tools in the market could affect their salt reduction practices. For food manufacturers and restaurants, consumers′ preferences, technical challenges in reformulation, and government support were key factors determining the smooth progress of their salt reduction efforts. At the governmental level, multi-sectional coordination, chronic disease management demonstration areas, and the impact of the pandemic were the main factors influencing the implementation of sodium reduction interventions.Conclusion:Future endeavours should strengthen long-term management and optimise the complex influencing factors associated with intervention measures. This will be essential in sustaining and expanding the positive health outcomes achieved through the Shandong population sodium reduction strategy.

Objective To analyze the changes in the expression levels of serum Dickkopf-related protein 1(DKK-1)and latent transforming growth factor binding protein 2(LTBP2)in patients with connective tissue disease(CTD)related interstitial pneumonia(IP)of different disease activity levels before and after treatment.Methods A total of 121 CTD patients who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2022 to October 2023 were collected and separated into an observation group(CTD-related IP patients,n=62)and a reference group(CTD without IP patients,n=59)based on the incidence of IP.The observation group was separated into a stable phase group(n=26)and an acute exacerbation phase group(n=36)based on disease activity.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)detected DKK-1 and LTBP2 levels.Pearson or Spearman were used to analyze correlations between DKK-1 and LTBP2 levels with clinical data.Logistic regression was applied to analyze influencing factors of acute exacerbation in CTD-related IP patients.Results The serum levels of DKK-1(14.98±3.32 ng/ml)and LTBP2(32.64±4.01 ng/ml)in the observation group were higher than those in the reference group(2.21±0.67 ng/ml,8.73±2.15 ng/ml),the differences were statistically significant(t=28.983,57.518,all P＜0.05).The proportions of patients with ground glass opacity(66.67%)and honeycomb opacity(52.78%),serum DKK-1(19.67±4.10 ng/ml),LTBP2(38.76±4.92 ng/ml)and C-reactive protein(CRP)(32.46±3.12 mg/L)in the acute exacerbation group were higher than those in the stable phase group(30.77%,23.08%,8.48±1.37 ng/ml,24.17±3.65 ng/ml,22.05±2.80 mg/L),the differences were statistically significant(t/x2=7.790,5.534,13.362,12.781,13.524,all P<0.05).The serum levels of DKK-1 and LTBP2 in patients with acute exacerbation of CTD-related IP after treatment were positively correlated with ground glass opacities,honeycomb opacities,CRP and different disease activity(r=0.526,0.518,0.513,0.548;0.499,0.514,0.520,0.561,all P<0.05).As the treatment time extended,the serum levels of DKK-1 and LTBP2 in CTD-related IP patients in the stable and acute exacerbation groups decreased,and the serum levels of DKK-1 and LTBP2 in the acute exacerbation group were higher than those in the stable group before treatment,1 month after treatment,and 3 months after treatment,the differences were statistically significant(t=13.355,13.206,15.913;12.781,12.263,11.161,all P<0.05).DKK-1[OR(95%CI):2.458(1.297～4.657)],LTBP2[OR(95%CI):2.739(1.567～4.789)]were independent risk factors for acute exacerbation of CTD related IP patients(all P<0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of DKK-1 and LTBP2 in CTD-related IP patients are increased,and closely related to disease activity.Both decrease after 3 months of treatment and can monitor the treatment efficacy of patients to a certain extent.