Objective: To analyze the developmental trajectories of clustered health risk behaviors and their association with self-esteem and lonelinesss among junior high school students, so as to provide a reference for formulating comprehensive prevention and control measures of health risk behaviors among adolescents. Methods: In October 2023, 1 165 first year junior high school students from two schools of Jishou City in Hunan Province were selected by convenient sampling method for three follow up surveys (T1:October 2023; T2:April 2024; T3:October 2024). The Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self esteem Scale and Loneliness Scale were used to assess health risk behaviors, self esteem and loneliness, respectively. Latent growth curve modeling and latent growth mixture modeling were applied to analyze the developmental trajectories of clustered health risk behaviors among junior high school students. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of the developmental trajectories of clustered health risk behaviors with self esteem and loneliness among junior high school students. Results: The overall developmental trajectories among junior high school students showed a declining trend (intercept=0.15, slope=-1.65, both P <0.05), with three heterogeneous categories:low risk improvement group ( n =862, 74.0%), moderate risk stable group ( n =260, 22.3%), and high risk deterioration group ( n =43, 3.7%). After adjusting the status of the left behind individuals，using the low risk improvement group as the reference category in multinomial Logistic regression analysis, results indicated that higher loneliness scores among junior high school students increased the risks of belonging to the moderate risk stable group ( OR=1.02, 95%CI =1.00- 1.04 ) and the high risk deterioration group ( OR=1.04, 95%CI =1.00-1.08), while higher self esteem scores reduced the risks of belonging to the moderate risk stable group ( OR=0.93, 95%CI =0.91-0.96) and the high risk deterioration group ( OR=0.88, 95%CI =0.83-0.94) (all P <0.05). Conclusions The overall trend of clustered health risk behaviors among junior high school students gradually improves, and the self esteem and loneliness are significant correlative factors. Targeted intervention measures should be developed for the junior high school students, with a focus on enhancing their self esteem and alleviating loneliness.

Objective To explore the effect of virtual reality technology combined with self-made spe-cial masks on preoperative anxiety and general anesthesia induction in children.Methods A total of 180 chil-dren with adenoid hypertrophy who underwent surgical treatment in this hospital from 2021 to 2023 were se-lected as the research subjects and divided into the control group,the experiment group 1 and 2 according to the random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.After the children entered the anesthesia induc-tion room,the control group was accompanied by one nurse to play with toys and read books to relieve anxie-ty.The experiment group 1 and 2 wore the PICO 4 VR all-in-one machine.In the control group and the experi-ment group 1,the masks were connected to the anesthesia machine for inhalation of sevoflurane.The children lost consciousness and completed the peripheral venous puncture operation and were sent to the operating room.They were assisted with intravenous anesthetics and tracheal intubation was completed.The experiment group 2 completed anesthesia induction by connecting a special mask to an anesthesia machine and a negative pressure suction tube on the basis of the experiment group 1.The simplified Modified Yale Preoperative Anxi-ety Scale(mYPAS-SF)scores of the three groups were compared at the time of entering the anesthesia induc-tion room(T0),10 min after entering the anesthesia induction room(T1),before the start of anesthesia induc-tion(T2),as well as the anesthesia induction time and the incidence of postoperative anesthesia adverse reac-tions.Results The comparison results among the three groups of mYPAS-SF scores showed that at T1 and T2,the scores of the experiment group 1 and 2 were decreased compared with the control group(P<0.05).The mYPAS-SF scores in the three groups showed that the scores at T0,T1,and T2 were significantly higher than those at admission(P<0.05).The levels in the experiment group 1 and 2 gradually were decreased over time(P<0.05),while there was no significant change in the control group(P>0.05).There was a statisti-cally significant difference in the anesthesia induction time among the three groups(P<0.05),and it was gradually decreased(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of choking cough,stridor and restlessness among the three groups(P<0.05),both the experiment group 1 and 2 were lower than the control group(P<0.05),and the incidence of choking cough in the experiment group 2 was lower than that in the experiment group 1(P<0.05).Conclusion Virtual reality technology combined with special masks for the induction of general anesthesia can reduce preoperative anxiety in children,shorten the induction time of anesthesia,and reduce adverse reactions of anesthesia.

Alzheimer's disease （AD）， a degenerative disease of the central nervous system， is characterized by progressive degradation of learning， memory， and cognitive functions. Currently， few drugs are available for treating AD， and their effects are limited. Berberine （BBR） is a natural isoquinoline （quaternary ammonium-like） with a wide range of pharmacological effects. Studies have proven that BBR has good potential in the treatment of AD. Specifically， BBR can inhibit the generation， aggregation， and neurotoxicity of amyloid-β and the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein， promote the clearance of phosphorylated Tau protein， reduce the cholinesterase activity， neuroinflammation， and oxidative stress， regulate neuronal apoptosis， improve the mitochondrial function and glucose and lipid metabolism， suppress the monoamine oxidase activity， and modulate gut microbiota. In addition， researchers have ameliorated the low bioavailability of BBR. Probing into the potential targets is hoped to provide a reference for further research on the prevention and treatment of AD by BBR.

Objective:To explore the relationship between autistic trait and pain empathy among college students, as well as the mediating role of personal pain perception.Methods:From October to December 2023, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1 195 college students using the autism spectrum quotient, pain sensitivity questionnaire, fear of pain questionnaire, pain catastrophizing scale and empathy for pain scale.SPSS 27.0 software was used for descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.A structural equation model was constructed using Mplus 8.3 to examine the mediating effect of personal pain perception, which was composed of pain sensitivity, fear and catastrophizing cognition.Results:Autistic trait(22.00(18.00, 26.00))was significantly positively correlated with pain sensitivity (55.00(43.00, 70.00)), fair of pain (69.00(60.00, 78.00)), and pain catastrophizing cognition (16.00(8.00, 23.00)) ( r=0.112, 0.154, 0.204, all P<0.001).Autistic trait was also significantly positively correlated with affective distress(62.00(46.00, 80.00), r=0.162, P<0.001) and vicarious pain (14.00(8.00, 20.00), r=0.096, P<0.001) of pain empathy.Pain sensitivity, fear of pain and pain catastrophizing cognition were significantly positively correlated with affective distress( r=0.244, 0.332, 0.375, all P<0.001) and vicarious pain ( r=0.210, 0.232, 0.285, all P<0.001) of pain empathy.The effects of autistic trait on affective distress and vicarious pain dimensions of pain empathy were fully mediated by personal pain perception, with the mediating effects of 0.115( P<0.001, 95% CI=0.073-0.165) and 0.085( P<0.001, 95% CI=0.053-0.124). Conclusions:The autistic trait of college students can predict the affective distress and vicarious pain of pain empathy indirectly through personal pain perception.

Objective To explore the characteritics of spontaneous brain functional activities for patients with hand dysfunction after ischemic stroke using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI).Methods From August,2024 to June,2025,23 patients with hand dysfunction after ischemic stroke were as patients group,and ten age-matched healthy adults were recruited as healthy control group.The patients group was as-sessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities(FMA-UE),Wolf Motor Function Test(WMFT)and modified Lindmark Scale.All subjects underwent rs-fMRI examinations,and the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations(ALFF),fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations(fALFF)and regional homogeneity(Re-Ho)were compared between two groups.The resting state functional network was constructed based on indepen-dent component analysis,and the functional connectivity(FC)were analyzed.The rs-fMRI indicators of the pa-tients and the clinical scale scores were analyzed.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the zALFF value decreased in the precentral gyrus(P<0.05,FWE corrected)in the patient group,as well as the values of zfALFF in Cerebelum-Crus2-R(P<0.05,FWE correct-ed),and ReHo values in the putamen(P<0.05,corrected by Alpha Sim).FC of the inferior frontal gyrus(IF-Goperc.R)in the executive control network enhanced(P<0.05,Alpha Sim corrected),while FC of the middle oc-cipital gyrus(MOG.L)in the dorsal attention network(DAN)weakened(P<0.05,Alpha Sim corrected).There was a positive correlation between FC of MOG.L in the patient's DAN and the scores of FMA-UE(r=0.439,P=0.036),WMFT(r=0.516,P=0.012),and modified Lindmark Scales(r=0.425,P=0.043).Conclusion The resting state spontaneous activity of some brain areas of the cerebrum,cerebellum and basal ganglia is reduced in patients with hand dysfunction after ischemic stroke,and some brain network connections are abnor-mal.FC of MOG.L may serve as an objective imaging marker for evaluating hand dysfunction.

Objective To analyze the potential biological relationship between Alzheimer disease(AD)and chronic periodontitis(CP)by bioinformatics.Methods We analyzed two datasets of AD and CP from the Gene Expression Omnibus database,and differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified from these datasets.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)was used to identify the most relevant modules.Functional enrichment analysis of shared genes was performed,and a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed.MCODE was used to identify key modules,and machine learning was used to discover key genes.In addition,Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA)and CIBERSORT were used to investigate KLRB1-related molecular pathways and immune cell distribu-tion.Results The study identified 18 genes common to both AD and CP.MCODE analysis revealed five pivotal genes,machine learning identified 13 genes for AD,eight for CP,and KLRB1 was determined as a common gene for AD and CP.GSEA demonstrated the intricate involvement of these genes in disease-related pathways.Immunocellular analysis underscored a significant association between KLRB1 and γδT cells.Conclusion This research highlighted KLRB1 as a key gene for AD and CP,providing new insights into their molecular linkages.

Objective:To explore the latent categories of hospice care attitudes among nurses in a geriatric hospital and to analyze the characteristic differences among these categories.Methods:A total of 434 in-service nurses from Beijing Geriatric Hospital were selected by convenience sampling from April to May 2024. Data were collected using the general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale Form B, the Self-Efficacy in Coping with Death Scale, and the General Well Being Schedule. Latent profile analysis was used to identify potential categories of hospice care attitudes, and Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine influencing factors.Results:A total of 434 questionnaires were distributed, and 431 valid responses were received, with a valid response rate of 99.31% (431/434). The hospice care attitudes of the 431 nurses were categorized into two latent profiles: "negative attitude-low communication willingness type" (55.45%, 239/431) and "positive attitude-high caring type" (44.55%, 192/431). Logistic regression analysis showed that participating in palliative care continuing education within the past year, having discussed death with patients, perceiving difficulties in caring for dying patients, self-efficacy in coping with death, and subjective well-being were statistically significant influencing factors of the latent categories of hospice care attitudes ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Hospice care attitudes among nurses in geriatric hospitals can be classified into two latent categories: "negative attitude-low communication willingness type" and "positive attitude-high caring type". These are influenced by many factors. Nursing administrators should develop targeted interventions to support nurses in coping with stressors effectively and improving the quality of life of terminally ill patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture at Hegu(LI4)on neural activity in the visual cortex of healthy volunteers using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Methods Each healthy volunteer underwent three sets of trials in a resting state:the LI4 group received acupuncture stimulation at the right Hegu(LI4)acupoint;the negative control was the sham acupoint group(SHAM group);and the positive control was the visual stimulation group(VISUAL group).fNIRS was used to simultaneously monitor changes in oxygenated hemoglobin(Oxy-Hb)levels in the vis-ual cortex during various stages of acupuncture or visual tasks,thereby reflecting the activation level of the visual cortex.The entire acupuncture procedure was performed with the subjects' eyes closed.fNIRS recorded the raw optical density values of hemodynamics in the region of interest(ROI)of the visual cortex during each task phase.The relative coefficientβ value for oxygenated hemoglobin was obtained via Matlab analysis,and the coefficient difference Δβ value between the task period and the baseline period was calculated,representing the degree of change in oxygenated hemoglobin content in-duced by the stimulus,which reflected the change in activation level of the visual cortex after acupuncture or visual stimu-lation.A larger Δβ value indicates a higher degree of visual cortex activation.Generalized estimating equations(GEE)were applied to analyze the differences in visual cortex activation levels among the LI4,SHAM,and VISUAL groups.Results In channels 15 and 17 of the striate area and channels 10 and 13 of the extrastriate area,the Δβ values of sub-jects in the LI4 group during the needle manipulation and withdrawal phases were significantly higher than those in the SHAM group(all P＜0.01).When comparing the Δβ values of the LI4 group during the needle manipulation and withdrawal phases with those of the VISUAL group,under the current sample size,the differences were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05).The Δβ values in both the striate and extrastriate areas of the LI4 group peaked during the needle manipulation phase.Conclusion Acupuncture at Hegu(LI4)can effectively activate the visual cortex in healthy volunteers,with the most significant increase in activation observed during the needle manipulation phase.

Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture at Neiguan(PC6)combined with Buyang Huanwu Decoction on myocardial edema-related proteins and its cardioprotective role in mice with acute high-altitude hypoxic myocardial injury,and to explore the potential mechanisms by which this combined therapy ameliorates acute hypoxic myocardial damage.Methods Mice were randomly divided into control,hypoxia model,electroacupuncture at Neiguan,Buyang Huanwu Decoction,and electroacupuncture at Neiguan+Buyang Huanwu Decoction groups.Except for the normal control group,all other groups were subjected to the establishment of an acute high-altitude hypoxia-induced myocardial injury model.Four days before entering the low-pressure hypoxia animal simulation chamber,the electroacupuncture at Neiguan group was treated with bilateral electroacupuncture at Neiguan,the Buyang Huanwu Decoction group was treated with Buyang Huanwu Decoction by gavage,and the electroacupuncture at Neiguan+Buyang Huanwu Decoction group was treated with a combination of electroacupuncture at Neiguan and Buyang Huanwu Decoction.The intervention lasted for 7 days.The normal control group and the hypoxia model group were handled normally without any other treatment.Myocardial pathology and ultrastructure were evaluated using HE staining and transmission electron microscopy.Serum levels of creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB)and cardiac troponin I(cTn-I)were measured by ELISA.Western blot was performed to quantify β1-AR,cAMP,PKA,and AQP1 protein expression.Results Compared with normal control group,the hypoxia model group exhibited significant myocardial damage,elevated cardiac biomarkers,and upregulated β1-AR/cAMP/PKA pathway proteins with increased AQP1 expression(all P<0.01).The electroacupuncture at Neiguan+Buyang Huanwu Decoction group demonstrated attenuated myocardial injury,reduced biomarker levels,and downregulated target proteins(all P<0.01)versus the hypoxia model group.Conclusion Electroacupuncture at Neiguan combined with Buyang Huanwu Decoction alleviates myocardial edema and injury in acute hypobaric hypoxia by reducing vascular permeability,potentially via suppression of the β1-AR/cAMP/PKA pathway and subsequent inhibition of AQP1 expression.

Objective To detect Serum metabolites with label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)for quickly distinguishing the metabolic profiles of breast cancer patients and healthy subjects.Methods A kind of Plasma nano-material was synthesized as a probe for SERS,which has also been used to detect Raman reporter mol-ecules to assess its detection capability.Serum samples from breast cancer patients and healthy subjects were col-lected and the proteins were precipitated with methanol and removed to collect serum metabolites.Probe-based SERS was used to analyze the serum metabolites of patients and explore the changes in the metabolic profiles of breast cancer patients.Results The SERS probe was synthesized and validated.An analytical method based on SERS probe was established,which achieved a linear range(LR)of 4 orders of magnitude and a limit of detection(LOD)up to 10 nmol/L.Raman spectra of serum metabolites from 5 breast cancer patients and 5 healthy subjects were analyzed to study differences in metabolite changes.Conclusions In this study,the molecular spectrum differences of serum metabolites in breast cancer patients were screened by probe-based SERS method,which pro-vides a technology support research on the metabolic changes caused by breast cancer so potentially provide a new method for fast breast cancer screening.