Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of transurethral 450 nm blue laser vaporization of prostate (BVP) and transurethral plasmakinetic resection of the prostate (PKRP) in the treatment of frail elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 62 frail elderly BPH patients undergoing BVP (n=32) or PKRP (n=30) in our hospital during Jan.2023 and Jun.2024.The two groups were compared in terms of postoperative hemoglobin drop, operation time, hospital stay, catheter indwelling time, bladder irrigation time, preoperative and postoperative 3-month postvoid residual (PVR), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), and postoperative complications. Results: The postoperative hemoglobin drop was lower in the BVP group than in the PKRP group [(1.62±1.04) g/L vs.(7.37±2.37) g/L, P＜0.001].The operation time [(24.53±7.52) min vs. (47.77±11.12) min], hospital stay [(2.78±1.62) d vs. (8.13±0.82) d], catheter indwelling time [(1.84±0.99) d vs. (5.40±0.81) d], and bladder irrigation time [(7.37±2.35) h vs. (51.60±19.72) h] were significantly shorter in the BVP group than in the PKRP group (all P＜0.001).At 3 months postoperatively, both groups showed significant improvements in IPSS, QoL, Qmax, and PVR compared to preoperative levels (P＜0.05), but there were no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05).The overall incidence of early postoperative complications in the BVP group was lower than that in PKRP group (18.75% vs. 43.33%, P＜0.05).After 3 months of follow-up, there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the BVP group and PKRP group(3.13% vs. 13.33%, P=0.14). Conclusion: BVP for the treatment of frail elderly BPH patients is safe and reliable, associated with minimal bleeding, short operation time, catheterization time and hospital stay, and there is no need to discontinue anticoagulant drugs.

Corneal stroma is a significant part of the cornea and plays a significant role in the eye's refractive system. Although corneal transplantation is now the most effective treatment for corneal stromal disease, its advancement has been constrained by a shortage of donors, the need for prolonged immunosuppressive medicine to prevent rejection, and low graft survival rates. An alternate strategy is to use the corneal stroma's natural capacity for regeneration to create the ideal conditions for the collagenous extracellular matrix of the stroma to self-renew. However, it is challenging to replicate the intricate ultrastructure of the corneal stroma in vitro. Regenerative medicine has so been used to address these issues. These approaches refer to numerous disciplines, including stem cell-induced differentiation, tissue engineering and gene editing. This article provides potential directions for the future clinical applications of corneal stromal regeneration and repair while summarizing pertinent techniques, research progress, and issues.

The prevalence of high myopia is increasing year by year and leads to a variety of ocular complications,of which pathological myopia has become a major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.Patients with high myopia often suffer from reduced retinal perfusion and varying degrees of visual field defects.High myopia can cause irreversible damage to the fundus,leading to increased susceptibility to glaucoma and myopic maculopathy.Therefore,it is of great clinical sig-nificance to understand the characteristics of the fundus and complications of high myopia to slow the myopia progression and prevent complications.This article introduces the dangers of high myopia in details from the aspects of fundus perfu-sion,visual field defects and complications,aimed at guiding clinicians in early detection,diagnosis and intervention of high myopia and its complications to reduce the prevalence of high myopia and blindness and improve the vision and life quality of the general public.

Objective To translate the Peritoneal Dialysis Care Burden Questionnaire(PDCBQ)into Chinese version,and to test its reliability and validity.Methods The modified Brislin translation model was used to perform literal translation,back translation,expert translation,original author review,cultural adjustment and pre-investigation to form the Chinese version of PDCBQ.The convenience sampling method was used to select 274 caregivers of peritoneal dialysis patients who were revisited in the peritoneal dialysis center of a tertiary A general hospital in Tianjin from January to April 2024 as the investigation subjects to verify the reliability and validity of the scale.Results The Chinese version of PDCBQ has a total of 30 items,which are divided into 3 dimensions,including patient dependence,subjective burden and objective burden.A total of 3 common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 77.366％.The structure validity x2/df was 2.415;the norm fit index was 0.919;the relative fit index was 0.903;the incremental fit index(IFI)was 0.951;the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.941;the comparative fit index was 0.950;root mean square error of approximation was 0.072.The structural equation has a good fit.The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the Chinese version PDCBQ was 0.984,and the item-level content validity index was 0.875～1.000.The total half-reliability and test-retest reliability of the scale were 0.975 and 0.984.Conclusion The Chinese version of PDCBQ has good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate the burden of peritoneal dialysis caregivers in China.

OBJECTIVES: Tubulointerstitial diseases is one of the common causes of renal dysfunction. Some rare pathological types are easy to be misdiagnosed and missedly diagnosed because of their low prevalence and relatively insufficient understanding, which affects the treatment and prognosis of patients. This study aims to explore clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics of several rare tubulointerstitial diseases, and therefore to improve their diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: A total of 9 363 patients diagnosed by renal biopsy in the Department of Nephrology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from November 2011 to September 2021 were selected. Six cases of light chain cast nephropathy (LCCN), 2 cases of light chain proximal tubulopathy (LCPT), 1 case of LCCN with LCPT, 4 cases of genetic tubulointerstitial disease, and 6 cases of non-genetic related tubulointerstitial lesion were screened out, and their clinical manifestations and renal biopsy pathological results were collected, compared, and analyzed. RESULTS: Patients with LCCN presented with mild to moderate anemia, microscopic hematuria, and mild to moderate proteinuria. Compared with patients with LCPT, proteinuria and anemia were more prominent in patients with LCCN. Five patients with LCCN and 2 patients with LCPT had elevated serum free kappa light chain. Five patients with LCCN presented clinically with acute kidney injury (AKI). Two patients with LCPT and 1 patient with LCCN and LCPT showed CKD combined with AKI, and 1 LCPT patient presented with typical Fanconi syndrome (FS). Five patients with LCCN, 2 patients with LCPT, and 1 patient with LCCN and LCPT were diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Five patients with LCCN had kappa light chain restriction in tubules on immunofluorescence and a "fractured" protein casts with pale periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining on light microscopy. Immunohistochemical staining of 2 LCPT patients showed strongly positive kappa light chain staining in the proximal tubular epithelial cells. And monoclonal light chain crystals in crystalline LCPT and abnormal lysosomes and different morphological inclusion bodies in noncrystalline LCPT were observed under the electron microscope. Six patients with LCCN were mainly treated by chemotherapy. Renal function was deteriorated in 1 patient, was stable in 4 patients, and was improved in 1 patient. Two patients with LCPT improved their renal function after chemotherapy. Four patients with genetic tubulointerstitial disease were clinically presented as CKD, mostly mild proteinuria, with or without microscopic hematuria, and also presented with hyperuricemia, urine glucose under normal blood glucose, anemia, polycystic kidneys. Only 1 case had a clear family history, and the diagnosis was mainly based on renal pathological characteristics and genetic testing. Compared with patients with non-genetic related tubulointerstitial lesion, patients with genetic tubulointerstitial disease had an earlier age of onset, higher blood uric acid, lower Hb and estiated glomemlar fitration (eGFR), and less edema and hypertension. Renal pathology of genetic tubulointerstitial disease presented tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis, abnormal tubular dilation, glomerular capsuledilation, and glomerular capillary loop shrinkage. Glomerular dysplasia and varying degrees of glomerular sclerosis were observed. Genetic tubulointerstitial disease patients were mainly treated with enteral dialysis, hypouricemic and hypoglycemic treatment. Two genetic tubulointerstitial disease patients had significantly deteriorated renal function, and 2 patients had stable renal function. CONCLUSIONS Patients with AKI or FS, who present serum immunofixation electrophoresis and/or serum free kappa light chain abnormalities, should be alert to LCCN or LCPT. Renal biopsy is a critical detection for diagnosis of LCCN and LCPT. Chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation could delay progression of renal function in patients with LCCN and LCPT. If the non-atrophic area of the renal interstitium presents glomerular capsule dilatation, glomerular capillary loop shrinkage, and abnormal tubular dilatation under the light microscopy, genetic tubulointerstitial disease might be considered, which should be traced to family history and can be diagnosed by genetic testing.
Humans ; Hematuria ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/analysis* ; Multiple Myeloma ; Proteinuria ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; Acute Kidney Injury ; Anemia ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

Objective:The results of the two interferon-gamma release assay tests were compared, so as to provide reference for the laboratory to choose the detection method.Methods:Double blood samples of 96 suspected TB patients hospitalized in Civil Aviation General Hospital from July 2018 to December 2019 were collected, providing for TB specific antigen stimulation test by QIAGEN kit and Autobio kit respectively. ELISA and chemiluminescence were used to detect interferon-gamma, and the results were determined according to the manufacturer′s instructions. Based on the clinical or bacteriological evidence for diagnosis of tuberculosis, the consistency of the two kits was compared, and the diagnostic efficacy of tuberculosis was evaluated. At the same time, 60 samples of plasma stimulated by TB specific antigen in QIAGEN kit were randomly selected to detect interferon-gamma by ELISA and chemiluminescence respectively, and the consistency between the two interferon-gamma detection systems was compared. The Kappa coefficient were used to measure the consistency of the results. The ordinary linear regression and Bland-Altman plots were performed to show the differences of IFN-γ data between assays.Result:In 96 samples, the sensitivity and specificity of QIAGEN test were 81.82% (18/22) and 74.32% (55/74), and that of Autobio test were 72.73% (16/22) and 70.27% (52/74), respectively. The results of the two systems were consistent, Kappa value was 0.847, P<0.05. The area under ROC curve of QIAGEN test for diagnosis of tuberculosis was 0.807 (95% confidence interval: 0.702-0.911), while that of Autobio test was 0.765 (95% confidence interval: 0.640-0.889). Comparing the results of two systems for detecting interferon-gamma in the same plasma, the results of two systems were in good agreement ( R2=0.97, P<0.05); but there were significant differences in the levels of interferon-gamma in the same patient sample after stimulation with different negative and positive tubes ( R2=0.41, P<0.05). Conclusion:The results of γ-interferon release assay test of Autobio system and QIAGEN system are in good agreement, and the results of γ-interferon release assay test of the two systems are also in good agreement. Different amount of antigen coating, titer and test system may be responsible for the different release of interferon-gamma.

Objective: To explore the application effect of fine needle aspiration cytology and sentinel lymph nodes stain assisted by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in early breast cancer. Methods: A patient with early breast cancer enrolled in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University received fine needle aspiration cytology assisted by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and the sentinel lymph nodes were stained with blue dye before a standard sentinel lymph nodes biopsy traced with indocyanine green. The axillary status accessed by these two methods were compared. Results: Three sentinel lymph nodes were found and aspirated assisted by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Seven sentinel lymph nodes were obtained in sentinel lymph nodes biopsy surgery. All of these sentinel lymph nodes were negative. The stained sentinel lymph nodes could be recognized and dissected in open lymph nodes biopsy surgery. Conclusions Fine needle aspiration cytology assisted by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography could be a substitute for open sentinel lymph nodes biopsy. More related researches should be carry out to further compare these two methods.

Objective: To determine the level of Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) in patients with heart failure(HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF), and to explore its diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with HF and AF. Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out to investigate the data of 185 HF patients who were hospitalized between January 2018 and June 2018 in department of cardiology or department of cardiac care unit in TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital. And according to whether they had atrial fibrillation before admission, we categorized patients into: HF with sinus rhythm (HF-SR, n=90) and HF with AF(HF-AF, n=95). Meanwhile, 40 healthy controls were collected. Baseline data of HF-SR and HF-AF groups and plasma sST2 levels in different ejection fraction groups were compared. Plasma sST2 level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Statistical methods such as nonparametric test and Spearman correlation analysis were used. The receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to evaluate the diagnostic value of sST2 in HF-SR and HF-AF groups. And by using the COX risk model, Multi-factor COX analysis was used to analyze the prognosis of patients. Results: Compared with healthy controls, the median (P₂₅, P₇₅) of Plasma sST2 levels in HF patients increased remarkably [32.93 (20.31-51.39) ng/mL vs 15.99(7.97-22.69) ng/mL, Z=-4.373, P<0.001]. Patients with HF-AF group had significantly higher test results [39.86 (27.20-59.21)] ng/mL than HF-SR group [24.74 (14.83-44.11)] ng/mL, Z=-6.783, P<0.001].In the HFmrEF and HFpEF subgroups, the plasma sST2 level of patients in the HF-AF group was higher than that in the HF-SR group (Z=-2.381, P=0.017; Z=-3.701, P<0.001).Spearman correlation analysis showed that, in HF-AF patients, plasma sST2 level was positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure, Hypertension, New York Association (NYHA) cardiac function classification Ⅲ to Ⅳ, white blood count(WBC), and the level of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Υ-glutamine transaminase (Υ-GT), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (r>0, P<0.05).Also, there is a negative correlation between sST2, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) (r<0, P<0.05). At ROC analysis, sST2 showed predictive value in both HF-AF and HF-SR group, with an optimal cut-off value of 25.33 ng/mL(AUC 0.872, 95%CI: 0.805-0.935, P<0.001, sensitivity 81.1%, specificity 87.5%) and 23.34 ng/mL(AUC 0.665, 95%CI: 0.570-0.761, P<0.001, sensitivity 55.6%, specificity 77.5%).The AUC of BNP and sST2 in differential diagnosis of HF-SR and HF-AF was 0.604 and 0.699, respectively, and the AUC of sST2 was higher than that of BNP. Multi-factor COX analysis indicated that plasma sST2 level, BNP, NYHA cardiac function grading could be risk factors for cardiac events in HF patients. Plasma sST2, left atrial diameter (LA-D), and associated cardiomyopathy are risk factors for cardiac events in patients with HF-AF. The incidence of cardiac events in HF patients with sST2≥20.31 ng/mL was significantly higher than that of patients with sST2<20.31 ng/mL (χ²=7.625, P=0.006). The incidence of cardiac events in HF-AF patients with plasma sST2≥39.86 ng/mL was significantly higher than that in patients with sST2<39.86 ng/mL (χ²=4.287, P=0.038). Conclusions The plasma sST2 level in patients with HF-AF is significantly higher than that both in HF-SR and healthy controls. The diagnostic value of plasma sST2 in patients with HF-AF is higher than that in patients with HF-SR. It is suggested that sST2 are more valuable for the differential diagnosis of HF-SR, HF-AF than BNP. HF-AF Patients with plasma sST2 ≥ 39.86 ng/mL are prone to cardiovascular events.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and prognosis value of plasma microRNA-30d (miR-30d)in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients.Methods It retrospectively recruited 170 cases of ACS patients from TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital between September 2011 to February 2012, including 70 STEMI(male 54,female 16), 52 NSTEMI(male 34,female 18),48 UAP(male 29,female 19).At the same time,41 healthy controls(male 24,female 17)were enrolled into the study.Plasma miR-30d levels were determined by real-time quantitative PCR.In order to evaluate the dynamic change of miR-30d and other cardiac biomarkers,20 plasma samples of AMI patients were collected at 0-3 h,4-6 h,7-9 h, 10-12 h after pectoralgia.ROC curves and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were used to investigate clinical value of miR-30d in ACS.Results At 0-3 h after pectoralgia, miR-30d were significant higher in STEMI 7.208(0.170-11 070.735)and NSTEMI 7.989(0.836-151.391)than the controls 1.561(0.044-17.520)（Z1＝-5.792,Z2 ＝-6.113,P＜0.001）, but there were no statistic differences between UAP 1.073 （0.051-11.095）patients and the controls（Z＝-0.325,P＝0.745）.In 20 AMI patients,miR-30d levels peaked at 4-6 h and then dropped following 7-9 h, both earlier than cTnI, and the variation tendency was positive correlated with cTnI（r＝0.402,P＜0.01）.At 0-3 h after pectoralgia, the AUC, sensitivity and specificity of miR-30d for differentiating AMI and UAP were 0.882（95％ CI:0.830-0.935）,0.795（95％CI:0.711-0.861）and 0.854（95％ CI:0.716-0.935）respectively.When combined miR-30d and cTnI, the diagnostic AUC and specificity were 0.937（95％ CI: 0.902-0.972）and 0.937（95％ CI:0.818-0.984）,both enhanced when compared with miR-30d or cTnI alone.Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that there were no significant correlations between the miR-30d levels and MACE in both 30 days and 12 months（χ$lt@span sup=1$gt@2$lt@/span$gt@＝0.506,P＝0.477 and χ$lt@span sup=1$gt@2$lt@/span$gt@＝0.002, P＝0.963 respectively）.Conclusion Plasma miR-30d may be used as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis, but not prognosis in ACS patients.

Objective To evaluate the performances of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I ( cTnI ) on VITRO ECIQ with enhanced chemiluminescence method .Methods This verification study validated the limited of detection,function sensitivity,imprecision,linearity of the high-sensitivity cardic troponin used VITROS ECIQ according to the document EP-17A, EP-6A,EP-15A published by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and determined 99th percentiles.All 652 patients with chest pain on immediate admission in TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital during January to November 2013 were enrolled in this study.Including 323 cases of acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients as the case group , exclude 329 cases of other diagnosis ,303 cases of apparent normal people as control group .The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluated the sensitivity and the specificity of cTnI . Non-normal distribution of quantitative data were used nonparametric test Mann-Whitney U, With P<0.05 for the difference was statistically significant .Results The LoB was 0.006 5 ng/ml and the LoD was 0.015 5 ng/ml;the FS was 0.016 76 ng/ml;repeatability CV
was 1.73 % -2.33 %, reproducibility CV was 4.93% -9.96%.The imprecision were lower than that declared by assay producer.The linearity was 0.015 5-78.4 ng/ml(R2 =0.999 9); the 99th percentile reference value was 0.017 ng/ml.The area under the curve ( AUC) of cTnI was 0.986,95%CI 0.973 -0.994,with the cut-off value as 0.017 ng/ml, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in CIN were 90.09%and 99.34%.Compared between STEMI and NSTEMI groups after admission , the levels of cTnI had no significantly difference , Z were -0.485, P >0.05;compared between STEMI and control groups after admission, the levels of cTnI had significantly difference , Z were -19.567,P<0.001;compared between NSTEMI and control groups after admission , the levels of cTnI had significantly difference , Z were-14.598,P<0.001.Conclusions High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I detection by VITROS ECIQ with enhanced chemiluminescence method has good performances of sensitivity , linearity, specificity, which meet the clinical needs.