Objective To translate the Peritoneal Dialysis Care Burden Questionnaire(PDCBQ)into Chinese version,and to test its reliability and validity.Methods The modified Brislin translation model was used to perform literal translation,back translation,expert translation,original author review,cultural adjustment and pre-investigation to form the Chinese version of PDCBQ.The convenience sampling method was used to select 274 caregivers of peritoneal dialysis patients who were revisited in the peritoneal dialysis center of a tertiary A general hospital in Tianjin from January to April 2024 as the investigation subjects to verify the reliability and validity of the scale.Results The Chinese version of PDCBQ has a total of 30 items,which are divided into 3 dimensions,including patient dependence,subjective burden and objective burden.A total of 3 common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 77.366％.The structure validity x2/df was 2.415;the norm fit index was 0.919;the relative fit index was 0.903;the incremental fit index(IFI)was 0.951;the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.941;the comparative fit index was 0.950;root mean square error of approximation was 0.072.The structural equation has a good fit.The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the Chinese version PDCBQ was 0.984,and the item-level content validity index was 0.875～1.000.The total half-reliability and test-retest reliability of the scale were 0.975 and 0.984.Conclusion The Chinese version of PDCBQ has good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate the burden of peritoneal dialysis caregivers in China.

Objective:To investigate the association between CITP/MMP-1 ratio and the severity of Myocardial fibrosis (MF) in patients with Chronic Heart failure (CHF) and its diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with MF.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to select 110 cases [86 males, (56.60±11.15) years old;24 females, (60.06±12.02) years old] who were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology, Teda International Cardiovascular Hospital from May 18, 2021 to February 30, 2022 and underwent magnetic magnetic examination. Serum CITP and MMP-1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay and CITP/MMP-1 ratio was calculated. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was detected by automatic chemiluminescence analyzer. Anova and non-parametric test were used to compare the difference of indexes among all groups. Spearman analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum collagen metabolites and the severity of myocardial fibrosis. Logistic regression analysis was performed for multivariate analysis, and ROC curve was used to evaluate the auxiliary diagnostic value of related indexes. Major adverse cardiac events within 1 year after discharge were recorded, including cardiogenic death, HF rehospitalization, malignant arrhythmia, and myocardial infarction. The risk factors of poor prognosis were analyzed by Cox regression. Patients were divided by the median value of CITP/MMP-1 ratio or the median value of CITP/MMP-1 ratio and BNP. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier and Log Rank test was performed.Results:Serum MMP-1 and BNP in LGE (+) group were higher than those in LGE (-) group (1.79 ng/ml > 0.91 ng/ml, Z=-2.924; 503 pg/ml > 367 pg/ml, Z=-1.932; P<0.05); The CITP/MMP-1 ratio in the LGE (+) group was lower than that in the LGE (-) group (3.84 < 10.85, Z=-3.601, P<0.001). MMP-1 in CHF with arrhythmia group was higher than that in CHF group (1.98 ng/ml > 1.25 ng/ml, Z=-2.016), while CITP/MMP-1 ratio was lower than that in CHF group (3.25 < 5.73, Z=-2.751), all P<0.05. CITP/MMP-1 ratio in CHF patients was negatively correlated with the severity of MF ( r=-0.363, P<0.001), and BNP and MMP-1 were positively correlated with the severity of MF ( r=0.267, r=0.264, P<0.05). Serum BNP was positively correlated with collagen metabolite MMP-1 and negatively correlated with CITP/MMP-1 ratio (all P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that only CITP/MMP-1 was a predictor of myocardial fibrosis, with an OR value of 0.624 ( P=0.005). ROC curve was used to evaluate serum BNP, MMP-1 and CITP/MMP-1 ratio in the diagnosis of myocardial fibrosis in HF patients, with AUC of 0.653, 0.696 and 0.754, respectively. The accuracy of CITP/MMP-1 ratio in diagnosing fibrosis was better than that of BNP by comparing their AUC, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-3.808, P<0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that CITP/MMP-1 ≤3.84 was a risk factor for poor prognosis, OR=2.647 ( P=0.009). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis at 1-year follow-up showed that the survival rate of the group with lower CITP/MMP-1 ratio was significantly lower than that of the group with higher CITP/MMP-1 ratio ( P=0.014). The survival rate of CITP/MMP-1 increased and BNP decreased group was higher than that of CITP/MMP-1 decreased and BNP increased group ( P=0.011). Conclusions:The ratio of CITP/MMP-1 can be used as a negative correlation indicator of the degree of cross-linking, which is better than BNP in the evaluation of MF, and has a good auxiliary diagnostic value for myocardial fibrosis in patients with chronic heart failure, and is expected to become a protective indicator for patients with chronic heart failure and be used in clinical evaluation of myocardial fibrosis. CITP/MMP-1 ratio is associated with the incidence of major adverse cardiac events, and CITP/MMP-1 ≤3.84 can be used as a predictor of prognostic adverse cardiovascular events in CHF patients.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between peripheral blood sST2 level and prognosis in patients with heart failure (HFpEF) complicated with hypertension with ejection fraction preservation.Methods:A total of 122 patients with HFpEF hospitalized in Teda International Cardiovascular Hospital and Baoding First Central Hospital from May 5, 2021 to March 9, 2023 were selected. According to whether they were combined with hypertension, they were divided into HFpEF combined with hypertension group (73 cases, 32 males, (67.56±12.06) years old). There were 41 females (70.61±9.95 years old) and 49 males (67.00±11.64 years old) in the HFpEF group alone. There were 24 female patients (70.12±7.49 years old). sST2 levels in peripheral blood were compared between the two groups.HFpEF patients with hypertension were grouped by hypertension grade and prognosis, and the difference of sST2 in different groups was compared. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. ROC curve to evaluate the diagnostic value of sST2 in the poor prognosis of HFpEF patients with hypertension. Patients were followed up regularly and major adverse cardiac events were recorded within 6 months after discharge, including cardiogenic death and heart failure re-hospitalization. The critical value of poor prognosis diagnosed by sST2 was divided into two groups, survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier,and the Log Rank test was performed. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine whether high levels of sST2 were a risk factor for poor prognosis after 6 months of follow-up.Results:There was no significant difference in sST2 in HFpEF combined with hypertension and HFpEF alone ( P>0.05). sST2 was higher in grade 2 and 3 than in grade 1 hypertension (23.83 ng/ml vs. 12.68 ng/ml, Z=-2.778, P=0.005; 22.54 ng/ml vs. 12.68 ng/ml, Z=-2.865, P=0.004); BNP was higher in grade 3 hypertension than in grade 1 hypertension (582.95 pg/ml vs. 154.50 pg/ml, Z=-2.101, P<0.05). sST2 and BNP were higher in the poor prognosis group than in the good prognosis group (30.10 ng/ml vs. 18.95 ng/ml, Z=-2.803; 685.00 pg/ml vs. 347.50 pg/ml, Z=-2.385), all P<0.05. Logistic regression analysis showed that sST2 was a risk factor for poor prognosis ( OR=1.045, P=0.013). The auxiliary diagnostic value of sST2 level in HFpEF patients with hypertension was analyzed by ROC curve (AUC was 0.721, P<0.05). The incidence of cardiac adverse events in sST2>29.12 group was higher than that in sST2≤29.12 group (44.00% vs. 14.58%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=7.657, P=0.006). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the percentage of patients with no endpoint event in the sST2≤29.12 group was higher than that in the sST2>29.12 group ( P=0.003).Cox regression analysis showed that the risk of endpoint event in sST2>29.12 group was 3.879 times that in sST2≤29.12 group ( OR=3.879, P=0.011). Conclusions:sST2 level can be used as an indicator of poor prognosis in HFpEF patients with hypertension, and can be used to stratify the risk of HFpEF patients. High levels of sST2 are associated with major adverse cardiac events.

Gluconacetobacter xylinus is a primary strain producing bacterial cellulose (BC). In G. xylinus, BcsD is a subunit of cellulose synthase and is participated in the assembly process of BC. A series of G. xylinus with different expression levels of the bcsD gene were obtained by using the CRISPR/dCas9 technique. Analysis of the structural characteristics of BC showed that the crystallinity and porosity of BC changed with the expression of bcsD. The porosity varied from 59.95%-84.05%, and the crystallinity varied from 74.26%-93.75%, while the yield of BC did not decrease significantly upon changing the expression levels of bcsD. The results showed that the porosity of bacterial cellulose significantly increased, while the crystallinity was positively correlated with the expression of bcsD, when the expression level of bcsD was below 55.34%. By altering the expression level of the bcsD gene, obtaining BC with different structures but stable yield through a one-step fermentation of G. xylinus was achieved.
Cellulose/chemistry* ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Fermentation ; Gluconacetobacter xylinus/metabolism*

Objective:To study the correlation between low-density lipoprotein particles (LDL-P) with other lipoprotein indexes. To explore the correlation between LDL-P and its subgroup particles(LDL1-P—LDL6-P) with the degree of coronary artery stenosis in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CHD) combining with the result of coronary arteriography. To explore the value of lipoprotein subgroup granules in preventing the severity of coronary artery stenosis in CHD patients.Methods:Cross-sectional study. A total of 259 patients without lipid-lowering drugs for coronary angiography in the department of cardiology of TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital during 3 months from August 2019 to December 2019 were collected, and 52 healthy subjects were recruited during the same period. The level of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and other biochemical indexes were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. The level of LDL-P and other biochemical indexes were detected by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMRS). The relation between various biomarkers levels with coronary artery stenosis degree was analyzed. Analysis of variance and nonparametric tests were used to compare the differences of indexes among each group. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation among the measured indexes. Logistic regression was used for multi-factor analysis, ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of related indexes.Results:LDL-P was highly correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and total cholesterol (TC) ( r= 0.927, P<0.001; r=0.921, P<0.001; r=0.844, P<0.001). LDL-P, LDL4-P, LDL5-P and LDL6-P in patients with severe coronary stenosis were higher than those in patients with mild coronary stenosis( U=4 172.000, Z=4.256, P<0.001; t=2.573, P=0.011; U=3 995.000, Z=4.621, P<0.001; t=5.223, P<0.001), LDL-P and LDL6-P were higher than those of patients with moderate coronary stenosis ( U=1 159.000, Z=2.294, P=0.022; t=2.075, P=0.041). High levels of hs-CRP, LDL5-P and LDL6-P were risk factors for the degree of coronary stenosis( OR=1.095, P=0.036; OR=1.015, P=0.046; OR=1.012, P=0.039). ROC analysis showed that the AUC of LDL-P, LDL5-P and LDL6-P on coronary stenosis was 0.67, 0.68 and 0.69, respectively. Hs-CRP combined with LDL5-P and LDL6-P had the greatest effect on the degree of coronary stenosis (AUC= 0.70). Conclusions:LDL-P is highly correlated with LDL-C. The levels of LDL-P and LDL6-P were significantly higher in patients with severe stenosis than in patients with mild and moderate stenosis. hs-CRP, LDL5-P and LDL6-P can be used as new risk factors for the degree of coronary stenosis and may be further used as risk predictors. The combined detection of hs-CRP, LDL5-P and LDL6-P is helpful for the diagnosis of the severity of coronary stenosis, and may further become risk predictors.

Objective:To study the correlation between low-density lipoprotein particles (LDL-P) with other lipoprotein indexes. To explore the correlation between LDL-P and its subgroup particles(LDL1-P—LDL6-P) with the degree of coronary artery stenosis in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CHD) combining with the result of coronary arteriography. To explore the value of lipoprotein subgroup granules in preventing the severity of coronary artery stenosis in CHD patients.Methods:Cross-sectional study. A total of 259 patients without lipid-lowering drugs for coronary angiography in the department of cardiology of TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital during 3 months from August 2019 to December 2019 were collected, and 52 healthy subjects were recruited during the same period. The level of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and other biochemical indexes were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. The level of LDL-P and other biochemical indexes were detected by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMRS). The relation between various biomarkers levels with coronary artery stenosis degree was analyzed. Analysis of variance and nonparametric tests were used to compare the differences of indexes among each group. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation among the measured indexes. Logistic regression was used for multi-factor analysis, ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of related indexes.Results:LDL-P was highly correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and total cholesterol (TC) ( r= 0.927, P<0.001; r=0.921, P<0.001; r=0.844, P<0.001). LDL-P, LDL4-P, LDL5-P and LDL6-P in patients with severe coronary stenosis were higher than those in patients with mild coronary stenosis( U=4 172.000, Z=4.256, P<0.001; t=2.573, P=0.011; U=3 995.000, Z=4.621, P<0.001; t=5.223, P<0.001), LDL-P and LDL6-P were higher than those of patients with moderate coronary stenosis ( U=1 159.000, Z=2.294, P=0.022; t=2.075, P=0.041). High levels of hs-CRP, LDL5-P and LDL6-P were risk factors for the degree of coronary stenosis( OR=1.095, P=0.036; OR=1.015, P=0.046; OR=1.012, P=0.039). ROC analysis showed that the AUC of LDL-P, LDL5-P and LDL6-P on coronary stenosis was 0.67, 0.68 and 0.69, respectively. Hs-CRP combined with LDL5-P and LDL6-P had the greatest effect on the degree of coronary stenosis (AUC= 0.70). Conclusions:LDL-P is highly correlated with LDL-C. The levels of LDL-P and LDL6-P were significantly higher in patients with severe stenosis than in patients with mild and moderate stenosis. hs-CRP, LDL5-P and LDL6-P can be used as new risk factors for the degree of coronary stenosis and may be further used as risk predictors. The combined detection of hs-CRP, LDL5-P and LDL6-P is helpful for the diagnosis of the severity of coronary stenosis, and may further become risk predictors.

Objective: To determine the level of Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) in patients with heart failure(HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF), and to explore its diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with HF and AF. Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out to investigate the data of 185 HF patients who were hospitalized between January 2018 and June 2018 in department of cardiology or department of cardiac care unit in TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital. And according to whether they had atrial fibrillation before admission, we categorized patients into: HF with sinus rhythm (HF-SR, n=90) and HF with AF(HF-AF, n=95). Meanwhile, 40 healthy controls were collected. Baseline data of HF-SR and HF-AF groups and plasma sST2 levels in different ejection fraction groups were compared. Plasma sST2 level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Statistical methods such as nonparametric test and Spearman correlation analysis were used. The receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to evaluate the diagnostic value of sST2 in HF-SR and HF-AF groups. And by using the COX risk model, Multi-factor COX analysis was used to analyze the prognosis of patients. Results: Compared with healthy controls, the median (P₂₅, P₇₅) of Plasma sST2 levels in HF patients increased remarkably [32.93 (20.31-51.39) ng/mL vs 15.99(7.97-22.69) ng/mL, Z=-4.373, P<0.001]. Patients with HF-AF group had significantly higher test results [39.86 (27.20-59.21)] ng/mL than HF-SR group [24.74 (14.83-44.11)] ng/mL, Z=-6.783, P<0.001].In the HFmrEF and HFpEF subgroups, the plasma sST2 level of patients in the HF-AF group was higher than that in the HF-SR group (Z=-2.381, P=0.017; Z=-3.701, P<0.001).Spearman correlation analysis showed that, in HF-AF patients, plasma sST2 level was positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure, Hypertension, New York Association (NYHA) cardiac function classification Ⅲ to Ⅳ, white blood count(WBC), and the level of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Υ-glutamine transaminase (Υ-GT), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (r>0, P<0.05).Also, there is a negative correlation between sST2, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) (r<0, P<0.05). At ROC analysis, sST2 showed predictive value in both HF-AF and HF-SR group, with an optimal cut-off value of 25.33 ng/mL(AUC 0.872, 95%CI: 0.805-0.935, P<0.001, sensitivity 81.1%, specificity 87.5%) and 23.34 ng/mL(AUC 0.665, 95%CI: 0.570-0.761, P<0.001, sensitivity 55.6%, specificity 77.5%).The AUC of BNP and sST2 in differential diagnosis of HF-SR and HF-AF was 0.604 and 0.699, respectively, and the AUC of sST2 was higher than that of BNP. Multi-factor COX analysis indicated that plasma sST2 level, BNP, NYHA cardiac function grading could be risk factors for cardiac events in HF patients. Plasma sST2, left atrial diameter (LA-D), and associated cardiomyopathy are risk factors for cardiac events in patients with HF-AF. The incidence of cardiac events in HF patients with sST2≥20.31 ng/mL was significantly higher than that of patients with sST2<20.31 ng/mL (χ²=7.625, P=0.006). The incidence of cardiac events in HF-AF patients with plasma sST2≥39.86 ng/mL was significantly higher than that in patients with sST2<39.86 ng/mL (χ²=4.287, P=0.038). Conclusions The plasma sST2 level in patients with HF-AF is significantly higher than that both in HF-SR and healthy controls. The diagnostic value of plasma sST2 in patients with HF-AF is higher than that in patients with HF-SR. It is suggested that sST2 are more valuable for the differential diagnosis of HF-SR, HF-AF than BNP. HF-AF Patients with plasma sST2 ≥ 39.86 ng/mL are prone to cardiovascular events.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and prognosis value of plasma microRNA-30d (miR-30d)in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients.Methods It retrospectively recruited 170 cases of ACS patients from TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital between September 2011 to February 2012, including 70 STEMI(male 54,female 16), 52 NSTEMI(male 34,female 18),48 UAP(male 29,female 19).At the same time,41 healthy controls(male 24,female 17)were enrolled into the study.Plasma miR-30d levels were determined by real-time quantitative PCR.In order to evaluate the dynamic change of miR-30d and other cardiac biomarkers,20 plasma samples of AMI patients were collected at 0-3 h,4-6 h,7-9 h, 10-12 h after pectoralgia.ROC curves and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were used to investigate clinical value of miR-30d in ACS.Results At 0-3 h after pectoralgia, miR-30d were significant higher in STEMI 7.208(0.170-11 070.735)and NSTEMI 7.989(0.836-151.391)than the controls 1.561(0.044-17.520)（Z1＝-5.792,Z2 ＝-6.113,P＜0.001）, but there were no statistic differences between UAP 1.073 （0.051-11.095）patients and the controls（Z＝-0.325,P＝0.745）.In 20 AMI patients,miR-30d levels peaked at 4-6 h and then dropped following 7-9 h, both earlier than cTnI, and the variation tendency was positive correlated with cTnI（r＝0.402,P＜0.01）.At 0-3 h after pectoralgia, the AUC, sensitivity and specificity of miR-30d for differentiating AMI and UAP were 0.882（95％ CI:0.830-0.935）,0.795（95％CI:0.711-0.861）and 0.854（95％ CI:0.716-0.935）respectively.When combined miR-30d and cTnI, the diagnostic AUC and specificity were 0.937（95％ CI: 0.902-0.972）and 0.937（95％ CI:0.818-0.984）,both enhanced when compared with miR-30d or cTnI alone.Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that there were no significant correlations between the miR-30d levels and MACE in both 30 days and 12 months（χ$lt@span sup=1$gt@2$lt@/span$gt@＝0.506,P＝0.477 and χ$lt@span sup=1$gt@2$lt@/span$gt@＝0.002, P＝0.963 respectively）.Conclusion Plasma miR-30d may be used as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis, but not prognosis in ACS patients.

Corin is a newly identified membrance protease which responsible for converting pro-B-type natriuretic peptide to biologically active B-type natriuretic peptide.B-type natriuretic peptide play an important role in regulating blood pressure and cardiac function.It is a biological marker of heart failure.So Corin plays a role in reducing blood volume, blood pressure, regulating body fluid balance, and improving cardiac function.Corin may be used as a biomarker for heart failure or other cardiovascular disease.Recent studies have found that Corin is associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure and acute coronary syndrome.The article mainly expound the biological characteristics of Corin, testing methods and its clinical application in cardiovascular disease status.

Objective To evaluate the performances of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I ( cTnI ) on VITRO ECIQ with enhanced chemiluminescence method .Methods This verification study validated the limited of detection,function sensitivity,imprecision,linearity of the high-sensitivity cardic troponin used VITROS ECIQ according to the document EP-17A, EP-6A,EP-15A published by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and determined 99th percentiles.All 652 patients with chest pain on immediate admission in TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital during January to November 2013 were enrolled in this study.Including 323 cases of acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients as the case group , exclude 329 cases of other diagnosis ,303 cases of apparent normal people as control group .The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluated the sensitivity and the specificity of cTnI . Non-normal distribution of quantitative data were used nonparametric test Mann-Whitney U, With P<0.05 for the difference was statistically significant .Results The LoB was 0.006 5 ng/ml and the LoD was 0.015 5 ng/ml;the FS was 0.016 76 ng/ml;repeatability CV
was 1.73 % -2.33 %, reproducibility CV was 4.93% -9.96%.The imprecision were lower than that declared by assay producer.The linearity was 0.015 5-78.4 ng/ml(R2 =0.999 9); the 99th percentile reference value was 0.017 ng/ml.The area under the curve ( AUC) of cTnI was 0.986,95%CI 0.973 -0.994,with the cut-off value as 0.017 ng/ml, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in CIN were 90.09%and 99.34%.Compared between STEMI and NSTEMI groups after admission , the levels of cTnI had no significantly difference , Z were -0.485, P >0.05;compared between STEMI and control groups after admission, the levels of cTnI had significantly difference , Z were -19.567,P<0.001;compared between NSTEMI and control groups after admission , the levels of cTnI had significantly difference , Z were-14.598,P<0.001.Conclusions High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I detection by VITROS ECIQ with enhanced chemiluminescence method has good performances of sensitivity , linearity, specificity, which meet the clinical needs.