To establish a rapid visual detection method for Akabane virus(AKAV)on site,specific primers and probes based on the S fragment of AKAV were designed in this experiment.Corre-sponding groups were added to the primers or probes to fulfil the requirement of the combination of recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)with lateral flow dipstick(LFD).The reaction temperature and time,concentrations of the primer and probe were optimized to establish the RPA-LFD method for detecting AKAV.After that,the specificity,sensitivity and clinical reliability of the method were evaluated.The results showed that after 20 minutes of reaction at 37 ℃,the test results could be read on LFD paper.There was no cross reaction against blue tongue virus,Pasteurella multocida,bovine infectious rhinotracheitis virus and bovine Mycoplasma bovis,and the detection limit was 2.5 × 100 copies/μL of standard plasmid.Detection of clinical samples showed a consistent results with that by RT-PCR method.These findings indicated that the RPA-LFD method established had the advantages of good specificity,high sensitivity,simple operation and visualization,and could be applied to clinical detection,which provides new technical support for the rapid diagnosis and prevention and control of AKAV.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of nasal pleomorphic adenoma and to share clinical insights into its diagnosis and treatment.Methods:This was a case series study. Clinical data of 12 patients with nasal pleomorphic adenoma, confirmed by histopathology, admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2014 to 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. This cohort included 3 males and 9 females, aged 12-84 years old. The pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, imaging features, pathological features, treatment methods and prognosis were analyzed.Results:Among the 12 patients with nasal pleomorphic adenoma, the most common symptom was nasal obstruction (8 cases), and the most common site was nasal septum (7 cases). Of the 12 patients, 9 had benign tumors, and 3 had malignant tumors. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 10 months to 9 years. One benign case recurred at 5 years after surgery and was left untreated after recurrence. The remaining 11 cases had shown no recurrence to date.Conclusions:Nasal pleomorphic adenoma is rare in clinical practice, typically occurring in the nasal septum. The primary symptom is nasal obstruction. Diagnosis is primarily based on histopathology, and surgical resection is the primary treatment.

Objective:To explore the early diagnostic value of combined detection of serum chitinase protein 40 (YKL-40), galectin-3 (Gal-3), and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) for refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) in children.Methods:One hundred and twenty-six children with RMPP (RMPP group), 126 children with global mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (GMPP) (GMPP group), and 126 healthy children who underwent physical check up (control group) in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from June 2022 to June 2024 were retrospectively selected. The serum levels of YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of RMPP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels for RMPP.Results:Compared with the control group, the serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels in the RMPP and GMPP groups were obviously higher: (42.19 ± 4.94) and (37.68 ± 4.25) μg/L vs. (26.73 ± 3.31) μg/L, (12.24 ± 2.89) and (8.87 ± 2.56) ng/L vs. (3.92 ± 1.27) ng/L, (33.82 ± 3.86) and (29.28 ± 3.72) μg/L vs. (21.34 ± 2.79) μg/L, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). Compared with the GMPP group, the serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels in the RMPP group were obviously higher ( P<0.05). Compared with the GMPP group, there was no statistically obvious difference in age, gender, body weight, duration of fever and atelectasis in the RMPP group ( P>0.05), however, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and the proportions of pleural effusion and lung consolidation were obviously higher in the RMPP group: (22.45 ± 4.21) mg/L vs. (18.69 ± 3.56) mg/L, (0.18 ± 0.04) μg/L vs. (0.15 ± 0.03) μg/L, 31.75% (40/126) vs. 17.46% (22/126), 38.89% (49/126) vs. 25.40% (32/126), P<0.05. CRP, PCT, pleural effusion, pulmonary consolidation, YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES were all independent influencing factors of RMPP ( P<0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC) of serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels for diagnosing RMPP in children were 0.769, 0.833 and 0.825, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnosis of YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES was 0.923, which was obviously higher than that of the single indicator diagnosis ( Z = 5.373, 3.677 and 4.191; P<0.01). The sensitivity of the three combined diagnosis was 73.81%, and the specificity was 92.86%. Conclusions:Serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels are obviously elevated in patients with RMPP, and all of which are influencing factors of RMPP. The combination of the three has high diagnostic value for RMPP.

To establish a rapid visual detection method for Akabane virus(AKAV)on site,specific primers and probes based on the S fragment of AKAV were designed in this experiment.Corre-sponding groups were added to the primers or probes to fulfil the requirement of the combination of recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)with lateral flow dipstick(LFD).The reaction temperature and time,concentrations of the primer and probe were optimized to establish the RPA-LFD method for detecting AKAV.After that,the specificity,sensitivity and clinical reliability of the method were evaluated.The results showed that after 20 minutes of reaction at 37 ℃,the test results could be read on LFD paper.There was no cross reaction against blue tongue virus,Pasteurella multocida,bovine infectious rhinotracheitis virus and bovine Mycoplasma bovis,and the detection limit was 2.5 × 100 copies/μL of standard plasmid.Detection of clinical samples showed a consistent results with that by RT-PCR method.These findings indicated that the RPA-LFD method established had the advantages of good specificity,high sensitivity,simple operation and visualization,and could be applied to clinical detection,which provides new technical support for the rapid diagnosis and prevention and control of AKAV.

Objective:To explore the early diagnostic value of combined detection of serum chitinase protein 40 (YKL-40), galectin-3 (Gal-3), and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) for refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) in children.Methods:One hundred and twenty-six children with RMPP (RMPP group), 126 children with global mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (GMPP) (GMPP group), and 126 healthy children who underwent physical check up (control group) in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from June 2022 to June 2024 were retrospectively selected. The serum levels of YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of RMPP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels for RMPP.Results:Compared with the control group, the serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels in the RMPP and GMPP groups were obviously higher: (42.19 ± 4.94) and (37.68 ± 4.25) μg/L vs. (26.73 ± 3.31) μg/L, (12.24 ± 2.89) and (8.87 ± 2.56) ng/L vs. (3.92 ± 1.27) ng/L, (33.82 ± 3.86) and (29.28 ± 3.72) μg/L vs. (21.34 ± 2.79) μg/L, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). Compared with the GMPP group, the serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels in the RMPP group were obviously higher ( P<0.05). Compared with the GMPP group, there was no statistically obvious difference in age, gender, body weight, duration of fever and atelectasis in the RMPP group ( P>0.05), however, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and the proportions of pleural effusion and lung consolidation were obviously higher in the RMPP group: (22.45 ± 4.21) mg/L vs. (18.69 ± 3.56) mg/L, (0.18 ± 0.04) μg/L vs. (0.15 ± 0.03) μg/L, 31.75% (40/126) vs. 17.46% (22/126), 38.89% (49/126) vs. 25.40% (32/126), P<0.05. CRP, PCT, pleural effusion, pulmonary consolidation, YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES were all independent influencing factors of RMPP ( P<0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC) of serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels for diagnosing RMPP in children were 0.769, 0.833 and 0.825, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnosis of YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES was 0.923, which was obviously higher than that of the single indicator diagnosis ( Z = 5.373, 3.677 and 4.191; P<0.01). The sensitivity of the three combined diagnosis was 73.81%, and the specificity was 92.86%. Conclusions:Serum YKL-40, Gal-3 and RANTES levels are obviously elevated in patients with RMPP, and all of which are influencing factors of RMPP. The combination of the three has high diagnostic value for RMPP.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of nasal pleomorphic adenoma and to share clinical insights into its diagnosis and treatment.Methods:This was a case series study. Clinical data of 12 patients with nasal pleomorphic adenoma, confirmed by histopathology, admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2014 to 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. This cohort included 3 males and 9 females, aged 12-84 years old. The pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, imaging features, pathological features, treatment methods and prognosis were analyzed.Results:Among the 12 patients with nasal pleomorphic adenoma, the most common symptom was nasal obstruction (8 cases), and the most common site was nasal septum (7 cases). Of the 12 patients, 9 had benign tumors, and 3 had malignant tumors. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 10 months to 9 years. One benign case recurred at 5 years after surgery and was left untreated after recurrence. The remaining 11 cases had shown no recurrence to date.Conclusions:Nasal pleomorphic adenoma is rare in clinical practice, typically occurring in the nasal septum. The primary symptom is nasal obstruction. Diagnosis is primarily based on histopathology, and surgical resection is the primary treatment.

Oral diseases concern almost every individual and are a serious health risk to the popula-tion.The restorative treatment of tooth and jaw defects is an important means to achieve oral function and support the appearance of the contour.Based on the principle of"learning from the nature",Deng Xu-liang's group of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology has proposed a new concept of"microstructural biomimetic design and tissue adaptation of tooth/jaw materials"to address the worldwide problems of difficulty in treating dentine hypersensitivity,poor prognosis of restoration of tooth defects,and vertical bone augmentation of alveolar bone after tooth loss.The group has broken through the bottle-neck of multi-stage biomimetic technology from the design of microscopic features to the enhancement of macroscopic effects,and invented key technologies such as crystalline/amorphous multi-level assembly,ion-transportation blocking,and multi-physical properties of the micro-environment reconstruction,etc.The group also pioneered the cationic-hydrogel desensitizer,digital stump and core integrated restora-tions,and developed new crown and bridge restorative materials,gradient functionalisation guided tissue regeneration membrane,and electrically responsive alveolar bone augmentation restorative membranes,etc.These products have established new clinical strategies for tooth/jaw defect repair and achieved inno-vative results.In conclusion,the research results of our group have strongly supported the theoretical im-provement of stomatology,developed the technical system of oral hard tissue restoration,innovated the clinical treatment strategy,and led the progress of the stomatology industry.

In western medicine， the small intestine anatomically belongs to the digestive system and is also an important immune organ of the body. The innate immune system of the small intestine consists of a tissue barrier， innate immune cells， and innate immune molecules. The dysfunction of any part can cause metabolic disorders and eventually lead to diabetes. In the pathogenesis of diabetes， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has the theory of ''spleen deficiency causing diabetes''， which points out that the impaired spleen function results in inadequate transformation， impaired essence spread， and turbidity by essence accumulation， which is the core pathological link of blood glucose metabolism disorder in diabetes. In terms of the relationship between the small intestine and the spleen， the theory of TCM holds that the small intestine is located in the abdomen and the abdomen is dominated by the spleen. The digestion， absorption， and endocrine functions of the small intestine are also similar to the functions of spleen in governing movement and transformation and spreading essence by virtue of spleen Qi. Therefore， the anatomical and physiological functions of the small intestine in western medicine are closely related to the spleen in TCM. At the same time， the spleen is closely related to the innate immune function of the small intestine in TCM. The spleen participates in the generation and distribution of defense Qi， and the process of defense Qi playing the external function is similar to the process of the activation of the innate immune response. The spleen is also an important organ involved in fluid metabolism， which can cooperate with the lung and kidney to timely remove turbid fluid from the body. It can also work with the stomach as the hub of Qi ascending and descending and regulate the physiological activities of "clear Yang" and "turbid Yin"， so as to ensure the homeostasis of the internal environment of the body， which is the basis for maintaining the normal function of the innate immunity of the small intestine. Therefore， taking "spleen deficiency causing diabetes" as a bridge， the theory of TCM and western medicine were combined to explain the relationship between small intestinal innate immunity imbalance and the pathogenesis of diabetes from the perspective of TCM， which is helpful to understand the pathogenesis of diabetes in a deeper level and also provide a new perspective and new way for the prevention and treatment of this disease with TCM.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Buqi Huayu prescription on chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia.Methods A total of 60 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in the Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases,Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from April 2019 to June 2020 were selected and randomly divided into Buqi Huayu prescription group and control group,with 30 cases in each group.Patients in Buqi Huayu prescription group were treated with Buqi Huayu prescription;Patients in control group were treated with folic acid tablets.After 6 months of treatment,the clinical comprehensive efficacy,traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome score,pathological change score,serum pepsinogen(PG)Ⅰ,PGⅡ,PGⅠ/PGⅡ(PGR)were observed before and after treatment in two groups.Results The clinical curative effect of Buqi Huayu prescription group was significantly better than that of control group(90%vs.70%,P<0.05).After treatment,traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome score and gastric mucosa pathology score of two groups were lower than before treatment(P<0.05).The intestinal metaplasia score of Buqi Huayu prescription group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).The levels of PGⅠ and PGR were higher than before treatment,while the levels of PGⅡ were lower than before treatment(P<0.05).All the indexes in Buqi Huayu prescription group were better than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Buqi Huayu prescription is effective in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia.It can not only improve the pathological changes of patients,but also increase the level of serum PGⅠ and PGR,and decrease the level of PGⅡ.

In order to establish a rapid,specific and sensitive detection method for Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus(SEZ)and to understand the infection status of SEZ in horses ente-ring China,specific primers were designed and synthesized based on the conserved gene comB of standard strain SEZ(ATCC 43079)in this work.Then,the pMD19-T-comB recombinant plasmid was constructed and used as a standard positive template.After that,the fluorescence-based quantitative PCR(qPCR)detection method based on SYBR Green Ⅰ dye was established.Totally,477 equine entry serum samples from 6 countries,including Netherlands,Belgium,Japan,Germa-ny,Argentina and New Zealand,during 2018 to 2023,were randomly selected and detected for SEZ by the qPCR method.Results showed that the established qPCR method had specific amplification for only SEZ,which illustrated a good specificity.Sensitivity test of the method showed that the limited detection amount was 4.58 X101 copies/μL.And the repeatability test showed that the coef-ficient of variation of intra-batch repeatability was less than 0.5％,while the inter-batch repeat-ability was less than 3.0％,which indicated good repeatability and high stability.Retrospective a-nalysis showed that totally 11 of 477 positive samples were detected,with a relatively low positive rate of 2.31％(11/477).Among them,all the 40 samples from Netherlands in 2018 were negative(0/40).In the samples of 2019,one positive was detected from Belgium(1/20),while all other 36 samples which form Japan and Germany were negative.In the samples of 2021,three samples(3/34)from Japan and one sample(1/20)from Argentina were positive,and all the other 40 samples from the Netherlands were negative.In the samples of 2022,76 samples from Netherlands were all negative.While in the 2023,5(5/126)of 126 samples from Netherlands and one(1/88)of 88 from New Zealand were found positive with SEZ.To summarize,The SYBR Green Ⅰ qPCR method for the diagnosis of SEZ was successfully established,and it could provide necessary technical support for the rapid quarantine of China's entry-exit and port departments,as well as the epidemiological investigation of the disease.