Objective To analyze the current situation of the knowledge-attitude-practice among noise-exposed workers at an airport apron. Methods A total of 494 noise-exposed workers from an airport apron were selected as the study subjects using the judgmental sampling method. A self-designed "Occupational Protection Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Questionnaire" was used to assess the current situation of knowledge-attitude-practice on occupational protection. Results Regarding the awareness of noise hazards among the study subjects, the awareness rates of noise-induced impairment on digestive function and reproductive system were the lowest (44.9% and 37.7%, respectively). The awareness rate of noise-induced negative emotions increased with length of service (P<0.01). Regarding the occupational protection knowledge for noise, the awareness rate of occupational noise-induced deafness was “incurable” was the lowest (39.1%). The support rate for five kinds of occupational protection attitudes for noise was generally >85.0%, while only 58.3% of the study subjects consistently or frequently wearing earplugs during work. The most common source of noise hazard and protection knowledge was pre-employment training (76.9%), followed by occupational disease prevention and control campaigns (76.1%). Conclusion Noise-exposed workers in this airport apron have incomplete awareness of non-auditory system hazards caused by noise, and the awareness of knowledge of some occupational protection is relatively low. Although their attitudes toward occupational protection are positive, many workers still fail to consistently wear personal protective equipment at work.

Compared to traditional suturing, lung stapling using automatic staplers offers advantages such as smaller trauma, faster wound healing, ease of operation, and lower complication rates, making it widely used in clinical practice. However, there are significant differences in bronchial tissue thickness at different anatomical locations, and the market is flooded with various types of staplers. Currently, there is a lack of recommended stapling schemes for bronchial staplers at different anatomical locations. This article reviews the development and application of automatic staplers and summarizes some types of staplers that are currently used in clinical practice, with the aim of promoting the formation of individualized stapler selection protocols for minimally invasive thoracic surgery based on the Chinese population.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with a complex etiology, characterized by intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction. Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharides (PGP), the primary component of Platycodon grandiflorus, and hesperidin (Hesp), a prominent active component in Citrus aurantium L. (CAL), have both demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the synergistic effect of PGP combined with Hesp on UC, focusing on the coordinated interaction between the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways. A mouse model of UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and a cell model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7/IEC6 cells were employed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of PGP combined with Hesp on UC and its potential mechanism of action. The results indicated that compared to the effects of either drug alone, the combination of PGP and Hesp significantly modulated inflammatory factor levels, inhibited oxidative stress, regulated colonic mucosal immunity, suppressed apoptosis, and restored intestinal barrier function in vitro and in vivo. Further in vitro studies revealed that PGP significantly inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, while Hesp significantly inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The use of inhibitors and activators targeting both pathways validated the synergistic effects of PGP combined with Hesp on the PI3K/AKT and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. These findings suggest that PGP combined with Hesp exhibits a synergistic effect on DSS-induced colitis, potentially mediated through the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/PI3K/AKT and interleukin-6 (IL-6)/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways.
Animals ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics* ; Janus Kinase 2/genetics* ; Polysaccharides/administration & dosage* ; Colitis, Ulcerative/chemically induced* ; Mice ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics* ; Drug Synergism ; Male ; Hesperidin/administration & dosage* ; Platycodon/chemistry* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics* ; Disease Models, Animal ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

The pubertal activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and development is influenced by multiple factors，including genetics，neuroendocrine factors，gut microbiota，diet and other factors and their interactions.The mechanism involving the gut microbiota and pubertal sexual development is one of the current research hotspots.Studies have shown that the gut microbiota might interact with pubertal sexual development through the brain-gut axis，the sex hormone-gut microbiota axis，and other pathways，with the specific mechanisms involving overweight/obesity，leptin，insulin and its receptors，hyperandrogenism，genes related to precocious puberty，adiponectin，dietary fiber，and growth hormone-releasing peptides.This review provides an overview of the research progress related to pubertal sexual development and gut microbiota，providing a reference for further exploring its mechanisms and the prevention and treatment of related diseases.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Qinggan Bupi Jiangtang Decoction combined with acupuncture on glucose and lipid metabolism and cytokines in patients with overweight/obese T2DM.Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 104 patient with overweight/obese T2DM who were admitted to the Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into the control group (52 cases) and the combination group (52 cases). The control group was given conventional symptomatic treatment and treated with acupuncture. On this basis, the combination group was treated with Qinggan Bupi Jiangtang Decoction. The two groups were compared in terms of efficacy, TCM syndrome scores, glucose metabolism indicators, islet function indicators, lipid metabolism indicators, cytokines, and blood glucose control. Results:The total effective rate was 90.38% (47/52) in the combined group and 73.08% (38/52) in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=5.22, P=0.022). After treatment, the TCM syndrome score (13.21±1.48 vs. 18.54±2.01, t=15.40) of the combination group was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.001). After treatment, the combination group FPG [(6.05 ± 1.01) mmol/L vs. (7.26 ± 1.13) mmol/L, t=5.73], 2 hPG [(8.23 ± 1.12) mmol/L vs. (10.41 ± 1.26) mmol/L, t=9.54], HbAlc [(5.84 ± 0.84) % vs. (6.31 ± 0.93) %, t=2.84] and HOMA-IR (2.57 ± 0.26 vs. 2.86 ± 0.30, t=3.75) were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05), and HOMA-β (61.34 ± 6.75 vs. 56.69 ± 5.72, t=5.87) was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05). After treatment, the combination group TC, TG and LDL-C were lower than those in the control group ( t values were 10.25, 5.35, 3.51, respectively, P<0.01), HDL-C was higher than that of the control group ( t=11.59, P<0.01). After treatment, the combination group CTRP12 [(296.05 ± 30.11) ng/L vs. (280.23 ± 28.44) ng/L, t=2.76], FGF-21 [(184.12 ± 19.05) μg/L vs. (170.04 ± 17.03) μg/L, t=2.77], Nesfatin1 [(0.92 ± 0.10) μg/L vs. (0.77±0.08) μg/L, t=5.99] and lipidin levels [(4.89±0.51) mg/L vs. (4.12±0.48) mg/L, t=8.58] were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The combined group composite endpoint achievement rate was 53.85% (28/52), the 12-week HbA1c achievement rate was 80.77% (42/52), and the rate of no weight increase was 84.62% (44/52). The control group's composite endpoint achievement rate was 34.62% (18/52), the 12-week HbA1c achievement rate was 61.54% (32/52), and the rate of no weight increase was 67.31% (35/52). The differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 3.90, 4.69, 4.27, respectively, and the P values were 0.048, 0.030, 0.039, respectively). The adverse reactions of the two groups were mainly mild nausea, skin rash and pruritus, the incidence of which was 15.38% (8/52) in the combination group and 9.62% (5/52) in the control group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.79, P=0.374). Conclusion:The therapeutic effect of Qinggan Bupi Jiangtang Decoction combined with acupuncture on overweight/obese T2DM patients is relatively clear, and it can regulate the glucose and lipid metabolism and cytokines of patients.

Objective:To clarify the clinicopathological features, prognosis, and recurrence pattern of early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC).Methods:Using data from the gastric cancer database of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, we performed a retrospective, large-scale, real-world study of 5046 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone redical or palliative gastrectomy from January 2013 to December 2018, including 425 patients with EOGC (age ≤45 years) and 4621 controls. All those patients were pathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma with complete follow-up of five years. Residue gastric cancer and patients without complete clinical or follow-up data were excluded. We used a combination of outpatient and telephone follow-up, ending in October 2022 (median duration of follow-up 60 months), and compared the clinicopathological features and prognosis of the two groups.Results:The clinicopathological features of EOGC included female predominance (61.1% [262/425 vs. 26.3% [1217/4621], χ 2=234.215, P<0.001), fewer comorbidities (31.3% [133/425] vs. 58.5% [2703/4621], χ 2=34.378, P<0.001), poorer differentiation (90.6% [385/425] vs. 78.2% [3614/4621], χ 2=30.642, P<0.001), higher proportion of diffuse type (53.9% [229/425] vs. 18.3% [846/4621], χ 2=274.474, P<0.001), higher proportion of T4 stage (44.7% [190/425] vs. 37.5% [1733/4621], χ 2=17.535, P=0.001), more lymph node metastases (60.5% [257/425] vs. 53.9% [2491/4621], χ 2=6.764, P=0.009), and higher proportion of pathological stage III/IV (47.5% [202/425] vs. 42.4% [1959/4621], χ 2=4.093, P=0.043). The 5-year overall survival rates of the EOGC and control groups were 55.1% and 49.1%, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in the EOGC than in the control group ( P<0.001). According to subgroup analysis, the prognosis of pathological stage I/II/III EOGC was better than that of the control group. Recurrence rates were similar in the two groups, whereas patients with EOGC had a higher proportion of peritoneal recurrence (7.8% [33/425] vs. 3.2% [146/4621], χ 2=23.741, P<0.001) and a lower proportion of distant metastasis (4.9% [21/425] vs. 8.3% [385/4621], χ 2=6.247, P=0.012). Conclusion:EOGC has unique clinicopathological features and recurrence patterns and resectable EOGC has a better prognosis, suggesting that patients with EOGC should be actively treated with the focus on preventing peritoneal recurrence.

Objective:To clarify the clinicopathological features, prognosis, and recurrence pattern of early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC).Methods:Using data from the gastric cancer database of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, we performed a retrospective, large-scale, real-world study of 5046 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone redical or palliative gastrectomy from January 2013 to December 2018, including 425 patients with EOGC (age ≤45 years) and 4621 controls. All those patients were pathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma with complete follow-up of five years. Residue gastric cancer and patients without complete clinical or follow-up data were excluded. We used a combination of outpatient and telephone follow-up, ending in October 2022 (median duration of follow-up 60 months), and compared the clinicopathological features and prognosis of the two groups.Results:The clinicopathological features of EOGC included female predominance (61.1% [262/425 vs. 26.3% [1217/4621], χ 2=234.215, P<0.001), fewer comorbidities (31.3% [133/425] vs. 58.5% [2703/4621], χ 2=34.378, P<0.001), poorer differentiation (90.6% [385/425] vs. 78.2% [3614/4621], χ 2=30.642, P<0.001), higher proportion of diffuse type (53.9% [229/425] vs. 18.3% [846/4621], χ 2=274.474, P<0.001), higher proportion of T4 stage (44.7% [190/425] vs. 37.5% [1733/4621], χ 2=17.535, P=0.001), more lymph node metastases (60.5% [257/425] vs. 53.9% [2491/4621], χ 2=6.764, P=0.009), and higher proportion of pathological stage III/IV (47.5% [202/425] vs. 42.4% [1959/4621], χ 2=4.093, P=0.043). The 5-year overall survival rates of the EOGC and control groups were 55.1% and 49.1%, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in the EOGC than in the control group ( P<0.001). According to subgroup analysis, the prognosis of pathological stage I/II/III EOGC was better than that of the control group. Recurrence rates were similar in the two groups, whereas patients with EOGC had a higher proportion of peritoneal recurrence (7.8% [33/425] vs. 3.2% [146/4621], χ 2=23.741, P<0.001) and a lower proportion of distant metastasis (4.9% [21/425] vs. 8.3% [385/4621], χ 2=6.247, P=0.012). Conclusion:EOGC has unique clinicopathological features and recurrence patterns and resectable EOGC has a better prognosis, suggesting that patients with EOGC should be actively treated with the focus on preventing peritoneal recurrence.

Objective To analyze the nucleic acid positive rate and genotype characteristics of the pa-tients with viral hepatitis C in Yongchuan District of Chongqing city during 2004-2022.Methods All the hepatitis C patients whose current address was in Yongchuan District of Chongqing City and audited for man-agement entering in the database of the Infectious disease surveillance System of China Disease Prevention and Control Information from 2004 to 2022 were selected as the study subjects.The questionnaire survey,nucleic acid and genotype detection were conducted.The nucleic acid positive rate and genotype characteristics were analyzed.Results Among 489 cases of viral hepatitis C,there were 286 cases of hepatitis C viral nucleic acid(HCV-RNA)positive(58.49％),the positive rate of males was 64.63％,which was high than 49.23％in fe-males,and the differences was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The HCV-RNA positive rate had statistical difference among different professions,cultural levels and medical insurance types(P＜0.05).But the HCV-RNA positive rates had no statistically difference among different ages,marital status,incomes and permanent residences(P＞0.05).A total of 285 cases of single infection subtype and 1 case of 1b and 6a mixed subtype were detected out.The single infection subtypes were mainly the 1b type(56.45％),3b type(12.89％)and 6a type(13.24％).Conclusion The positive rate of HCV-RNA among hepatitis C patients in Yongchuan Dis-trict during 2004-2022 was 58.49％,more than half of the previous cases are still the active infected persons requiring the antiviral treatment.The HCV genotype is mainly the 1b type,followed by 3a,3b and 6a types.It is necessary to further mobilize the treatment of previous patients with hepatitis C and improve the treatment rate and clinical cure rate.

Objective:To investigate the effects of external application of Sanying Plaster on the size of thyroid nodules and the states of depression and anxiety in patients with benign thyroid nodules.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 120 patients with benign thyroid nodules from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Thyroid Diseases at Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from June to December 2022 were selected as the subjects of the study. They were divided into two groups using the random number table method, with 60 patients in each group. The control group received lifestyle intervention treatment, while the treatment group received Sanying Ointment in addition to the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for 3 months. TCM syndrome scores were measured before and after treatment; the maximum diameter of thyroid nodules was measured using a color Doppler ultrasound transverse section; the quality of life was assessed using the short form 36 (SF-36); the degree of anxiety and depression was evaluated using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and the self-rating depression scale (SDS); adverse reactions during the treatment period were recorded, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:During the treatment period, 4 cases in the treatment group and 3 cases in the control group did not complete the treatment. Finally, 56 cases in the treatment group and 57 cases in the control group entered the efficacy evaluation. The total effective rate of the treatment group was 71.4% (40/56), and that of the control group was 14.0% (8/57), with a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=26.82, P<0.001). After treatment, the TCM syndrome score of the treatment group (10.02±3.65 vs. 16.65±3.44, t=-10.24) was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.001); the maximum diameter of thyroid nodules [11.00 (4.65, 19.93) mm vs. 15.00 (7.15, 28.50) mm, Z=-2.43] was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05); the SF-36 score [121.83 (117.00, 130.00) vs. 114.42 (104.25, 127.50), Z=-2.62] was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01); the SDS (46.72±4.59 vs. 57.02±5.99, t=14.80) and SAS (42.25±5.72 vs. 50.60±7.12, t=10.04) scores were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment period in the treatment group was 3.5% (2/57), and no adverse reactions occurred in the control group. Conclusion:The external application of Sanying Ointment helps to reduce the size of thyroid nodules in patients with benign thyroid nodules, improve the quality of life and anxiety and depression, and increase clinical efficacy with good safety.

Objective The oxidative damage of DNA can be caused by excessive levels of Reactive oxygen species(ROS).Monitoring of DNA oxidative damage enables effective evaluation of ROS damage effects.Although the detection of DNA damage effects based on microbial sensor allows quantitative analysis of oxidative damage,the ROS clearance mechanism existed in bacterial will affect the sensitive of detection.The work of this article is to knockout the key genes of ROS clearance mechanism and construct an antioxidant gene-knock-out microbial sensor.The microbial sensor can realize sensitive monitoring of DNA damage effects and then evaluates the damage effects of cells by ROS.Methods The antioxidant damage genes of bacterial ahpCF,katE and katG were knocked out by λ-Red homologous recombination and antioxidant gene-knockout microbial sensor was constructed.The nalidixic acid sodium salt and UV irradiation were used to characterize the performance for monitoring of DNA damage effects.Results The antioxidant gene-knockout microbial sensors ΔahpC,ΔahpCF/ΔkatEG and ΔahpCF/ΔkatE/ΔkatG were constructed successfully.The results showed that the microbial sensor ΔahpCF/ΔkatE/ΔkatGl had the highest sensitive of damage effects and the limit of detection for nalidixic acid sodium salt was 0.40 μmol/L.In addition,1.80 min of UV irradiation(254 nm)was sufficient to induce a significant fluorescent expression effect in the engineered bacteria.Conclusion In this article,antioxidant gene-knockout microbial sensors had been constructed to realize active and sensitive monitoring of DNA damage effects such as DNA damage reagents and UV irradiation.The sensors could provide an active,effective,and sensitive potential monitoring method for future evaluation of radiation effects in space.