Immune dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of severe viral pneumonia.Both hyperactivated immune responses and immunosuppressive states may adversely affect clinical outcomes.Glucocorticoids,widely utilized as immunomodulatory agents,hold significant therapeutic value in managing this condition.Elucidating the intricate mechanisms underlying immune dysregulation in these patients,accurately assessing individualized immune profiles,and optimizing glucocorticoid regimens alongside other immunomodulatory interventions are critical to improving clini-cal success rates.This review synthesized current progress in research on immune disorders and glu-cocorticoid therapy in severe viral pneumonia,providing theoretical foundations for clinical practice to enhance patient prognosis.

Objective Based on the Hood Policy Tool perspective on China's DIP policy text mining,word frequen-cy analysis and clustering analysis of the policy content,to explore the actual policy in each pilot region,to further analyze the reasons,to provide a scientific and reference for the subsequent policy adjustment and implementation.Methods Policies were included in this study from platforms such as local healthcare protection bureaus,local health-care commissions,local people's government portals,and NVivo,from which policy documents with a high degree of relevance to DIP were selected.NVivo 20.0 software was used for text coding,word frequency analysis,and analysis based on Hood's policy tool dimensions and regional distribution dimensions to further explore DIP policy specifics.Results A total of 27 policies were included,covering all pilot provinces,with a total of 1,707 policy codes.Authoritative,fiscal,informational,and organizational policy instruments accounted for 54.9％,20.3％,16.9％,and 7.9％,respectively.The percentage of coded reference points in the East,Central,West,and Northeast regions were 23.0％,20.2％,44.5％,and 8.7％,respectively.Conclusion The use of DIP policy tools in the pilot regions focused on authoritative tools and less on organization tools.Among the authoritative policy tools,the sub-tools of mechanism building were mostly used,while the sub-tools of standards and norms were less used.The focus of the policy tools varies among the pilot regions,and the use of policy tools should be tailored to the local context.