Objective: To analyze the results of national external quality assessment (EQA) for transfusion compatibility test from 2018 to 2023, with the aim of providing references for improving laboratory testing quality and ensuring the safety of clinical blood transfusion. Methods: Three EQA programs were conducted annually, each distributing 22 quality assessment samples. Participating transfusion laboratories were required to complete testing within specified deadlines and to submit results along with documentation of testing methodologies, reagents, and equipment used. National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL) conducted statistical analysis of laboratory results, evaluated testing outcomes and related circumstances, and provided feedback to participating laboratories. EQA data from transfusion laboratories across China from 2018 to 2023 were collected and systematically analyzed. Results: From 2018 to 2023, the qualification rates for all five items (ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, Rh blood group typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching) were 67.59%, 77.11%, 77.38%, 72.78%, 79.96%, and 85.16%, respectively. The mean qualification rates for ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood group typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching over the past six years were 96.25%±0.59%, 90.45%±4.52%, 96.05%±0.71%, 90.88%±2.86%, and 88.34%±3.48%, respectively. The qualification rates in 2019, 2020, 2022, and 2023 all showed a stable trend of "blood stations>tertiary hospitals>secondary hospitals". The mean qualification rate of laboratories in secondary hospitals from 2018 to 2023 was significantly lower than those of laboratories in tertiary hospitals and blood stations (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed between laboratories in tertiary hospitals and blood stations (P>0.05). The micro column agglutination method was the most widely used in all five tests. In the four test items, namely ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching, there was a statistically significant difference in the qualification rate of micro column agglutination method compared to other methods (P<0.05). There was a statistical difference in the qualification rate between manual and automated detection using micro column agglutination method in the cross-matching tests (P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was noted for the other test items (P>0.05). Conclusion: From 2018 to 2023, the number of laboratories participating in EQA activities has been increasing year by year, and the qualification rate has shown an overall upward trend. The type of laboratory is a key factor affecting the qualification rate, and the testing capabilities of some laboratories still need to be improved. The micro column agglutination method is widely used in transfusion compatibility tests. The established EQA program effectively monitors quality issues in laboratories, drives continuous improvement, and ensures sustained enhancement of testing standards to safeguard clinical blood safety.

Objective:To analyze the results of national external quality assessment (EQA) for transfusion compatibility test in 2023, and provide reference for quality management of clinical transfusion compatibility testing.Methods:The EQA of clinical transfusion compatibility testing by NCCL was performed 3 times in 2023 among included laboratories. The panel consisting of 22 samples was distributed to 4 186 laboratories across 31 provinces (Including 2 961 tertiary hospital laboratories, 1 085 secondary hospital laboratories, 23 primary hospital laboratories, 106 blood station laboratories and 11 independent clinical laboratories). Each panel contains 11 red blood cell and 11 plasma samples per 1.5 ml/tube. Each participant laboratory of the EQA program was required to carry out the detection and return results in expected time. Statistical analysis and evaluation on the reported results were conducted by NCCL from the aspects of regional distribution, laboratory grading, testing methodology, reagent and testing system usage.Results:The qualification rates of EQA for five items including ABO positive typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood type, antibody screening, and cross matching were 96.68%, 95.10%, 96.46%, 95.32%, and 91.04%, respectively. The EQA qualification rate of tertiary hospital laboratories was 87.77% (2 599/2 961), which was significantly higher than the 77.79% (844/1 085) of secondary hospital laboratories. There were significant differences in the qualification rate of participating laboratories among different regions. The utilization rates of micro column agglutination method in ABO positive typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood type, antibody screening, and cross matching were 80.81% (10 080/12 474), 75.06% (9 337/12 440), 81.38% (10 118/12 433), 89.59% (11 104/12 394) and 76.25% (9 495/12 453), respectively. The qualification rate of micro column agglutination method was significantly higher than that of saline slide method in ABO positive typing detection ( P<0.05). The qualification rate of micro column agglutination method was significantly higher than that of the polyamine method and anti-human globulin test tube method in antibody screening ( P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in qualification rate of 7 reagents in ABO reverse typing, antibody screening and cross matching ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the qualification rate between the two detection systems for other reagents, except for the ABO reverse typing where the qualification rate of reagent 1 in a single system was higher than that in a mixed system ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The testing capabilities of clinical laboratories in different regions and different type varied significantly in China. Micro column agglutination method was the most popular selection in transfusion compatibility testing. The regents used in these laboratories showed good performance. However, the detection efficiency of some reagents still need to be improved. EQA could be used to evaluate, monitor, and improve the quality of testing.

Objective:To analyze the results of national external quality assessment (EQA) for transfusion compatibility test in 2023, and provide reference for quality management of clinical transfusion compatibility testing.Methods:The EQA of clinical transfusion compatibility testing by NCCL was performed 3 times in 2023 among included laboratories. The panel consisting of 22 samples was distributed to 4 186 laboratories across 31 provinces (Including 2 961 tertiary hospital laboratories, 1 085 secondary hospital laboratories, 23 primary hospital laboratories, 106 blood station laboratories and 11 independent clinical laboratories). Each panel contains 11 red blood cell and 11 plasma samples per 1.5 ml/tube. Each participant laboratory of the EQA program was required to carry out the detection and return results in expected time. Statistical analysis and evaluation on the reported results were conducted by NCCL from the aspects of regional distribution, laboratory grading, testing methodology, reagent and testing system usage.Results:The qualification rates of EQA for five items including ABO positive typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood type, antibody screening, and cross matching were 96.68%, 95.10%, 96.46%, 95.32%, and 91.04%, respectively. The EQA qualification rate of tertiary hospital laboratories was 87.77% (2 599/2 961), which was significantly higher than the 77.79% (844/1 085) of secondary hospital laboratories. There were significant differences in the qualification rate of participating laboratories among different regions. The utilization rates of micro column agglutination method in ABO positive typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood type, antibody screening, and cross matching were 80.81% (10 080/12 474), 75.06% (9 337/12 440), 81.38% (10 118/12 433), 89.59% (11 104/12 394) and 76.25% (9 495/12 453), respectively. The qualification rate of micro column agglutination method was significantly higher than that of saline slide method in ABO positive typing detection ( P<0.05). The qualification rate of micro column agglutination method was significantly higher than that of the polyamine method and anti-human globulin test tube method in antibody screening ( P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in qualification rate of 7 reagents in ABO reverse typing, antibody screening and cross matching ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the qualification rate between the two detection systems for other reagents, except for the ABO reverse typing where the qualification rate of reagent 1 in a single system was higher than that in a mixed system ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The testing capabilities of clinical laboratories in different regions and different type varied significantly in China. Micro column agglutination method was the most popular selection in transfusion compatibility testing. The regents used in these laboratories showed good performance. However, the detection efficiency of some reagents still need to be improved. EQA could be used to evaluate, monitor, and improve the quality of testing.

Objective To observe the effect of 3D-Slicer combined with sina software assisted minimally invasive neuroendoscopic surgery for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,and investigate the application value of 3D-Slicer combined with sina software in the preoperative localization of minimally invasive neuroendoscopic surgery.Methods From July 2015 to October 2017,38 consecutive patients with supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to Shunde Hospital,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine were enrolled retrospectively.According to the different treatment methods,they were divided into an endoscopic group and a puncture group (n =19 in each group).The endoscopic group was treated with 3D-Slicer combined with sina software for neuroendoscopic hematoma removal,and the puncture group was treated with the hematoma minimally invasive soft-channel puncture and drainage under the CT localization.The effect of 3D-Slicer combined with sina software in the preoperative localization of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage by the minimally invasive surgery was evaluated by comparing the hematoma clearance of the first and third day of the two groups of patients after procedure,puncture to the preset position success,postoperative rebleeding,postoperative complications,and good prognosis at 3 months after procedure.Results The clearance rate of hematoma at the first day after operation in the endoscopic group was significantly higher than that in the puncture group ([90 ± 10]％ vs.[46 ± 16]％;t =2.348,P ＜ 0.05).The success of the puncture to the preset position was better than that in the puncture group (19/19 vs.14/19;x2 =5.758,P =0.016),and postoperative rebleeding rate was lower than that in the puncture group (0 vs.4/19;x2 =4.471,P =0.034).There were significant differences.There was no significant difference in postoperative infection complications between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).The prognosis of the endoscopic group was good in 17 patients within 3 months after procedure,and the prognosis was good in 11 patients in the puncture group.The good prognosis in the endoscopic group was better than that in the puncture group (x2 =4.866,P =0.027).Conclusion The effect of 3D-Slicer combined with sina software assisted minimally invasive neuroendoscopic surgery for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage was better than the hematoma minimally invasive soft-channel puncture and drainage under the CT localization,and the 3D-slicer combined with sina software can provide rapid and accurate preoperative localization for minimally invasive neuroendoscopic surgery of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

This paper is based on the theory of"internal diseases will be presented externally"in Traditional Chinese Medicine, combined with the idea of syndrome differentiation and grasping the main symptoms, and proposes the concept of"virtual special disease". It is extracted from ancient books and expert experience, and it is believed that it is widespread and can be tested by clinical practice. The application of virtual syndrome to diagnosis can achieve the purpose of simplifying the complexity TCM syndrome differentiation. On the one hand, it provides a new exploration for enriching the TCM syndrome differentiation system; on the other hand, it provides new ideas for supplementing the biological research of syndromes and developing the diagnosis of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

Liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome is common in clinical practice. It has both the symptoms of uncomfortable liver depression and poor digestion of spleen deficiency. The brain-gut peptide not only regulates the gastrointestinal tract, but also participates in the regulation of mood, which is consistent with the mechanism of liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome. At present, there are more than 10 brain-gut peptides discovered. This paper reviews several of these brain-gut peptides that are most closely related to liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome to explore the relationship between brain-gut peptides and liver depression and spleen deficiency.

Wuling powder, which is from Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases of Zhang Zhongjing, is a famous formula from thousand years now on. As people have a deeper understanding of Wuling powder, its application range is more extensive. In Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases and Essentials from the Golden Cabinet, there are a total of 11 articles concerning Wuling powder. Wuling powder syndrome can be classified as pulse floatation, fever, thirst, irritability, vomiting and urination, which can also occur in dehydration by sorting out and analyzing these articles. This paper talks about the relationship between Wuling powder syndrome and dehydration from the etiology, the symptom and the clinical application as well as to the thought of Wuling powder syndrome several aspects.

Objective To observe the heart protective effect of exercise preconditioning (EP) in the acute exhaustion exercise (EE) rats, and explore its action mechanism further. Methods Eighty healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into control group (C group), EP group, EE group, and EP+EE group randomly, with 20 rats in each group. The rats in EP and EP+EE groups were trained for 3 weeks according to the daily swimming for 60 minutes (swimming 15 minutes, resting 5 minutes, repeating 3 times) with 6 days each week. The rats in EE and EP+EE groups on the last 1 day after 3 weeks, 3% weight heavy weight was carried once for swimming EE. Two hours after the last EE, abdominal aortic blood and heart was harvested, the levels of serum MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the ultrastructure of myocardium was observed by optical microscopy; the levels of myocardial malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined by ELISA, the mRNA expression of myocardial CGRP was assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the protein expression of myocardial CGRP was assayed by Western Blot. Results Compared with C group, the levels of serum CK-MB and myocardial MDA were significantly increased, serum CGRP content, myocardial SOD activity, and mRNA and protein expressions of myocardial CGRP were significantly decreased in EE group and EP+EE group. Compared with EE group, the levels of serum CK-MB and myocardial MDA in EP+EE group were decreased [CK-MB (U/L): 13.11±0.77 vs. 15.55±0.90, MDA (μmol/L): 389.57±49.60 vs. 709.08±160.49], the level of serum CGRP, and mRNA and protein expressions of myocardium CGRP were increased [serum CGRP (ng/L): 120.41±9.07 vs. 97.97±9.05, CGRP mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 0.45±0.09 vs. 0.14±0.02, CGRP protein (gray value): 0.78±0.08 vs. 0.41±0.04, all P < 0.05], the degree of myocardial injury was obviously alleviated. There was no significant difference in the indexes between the EP group and C group. Conclusion EP has the heart protective effect for the acute EE rats, and the mechanism is closely related to the endogenous protective substance CGRP.

Objective To assess the effectiveness of Bankart repair under arthroscope in treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder joint instability. Methods From February 2010 to February 2015, 63 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation under arthroscipic Bankart repair, and 53 patients (28 male, 25 female) were available for follow-up. The mean age at the time of surgery was 27.9 years (range, 16 ~ 51). All of the 63 patients underwent surgical treatments, and the effectiveness was evaluated with University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon scores (ASES), Constant-Murley scores, forward elevation, abduction and external rotation and X-ray. Results The ASES scores, UCLA scores were (97.0 ± 6.8), (29.6 ± 2.5) respectively, improved significantly higher after the surgery (P < 0.05). No significant change was found regarding Constant-Murley scores (99.1 ± 2.4), forward elevation (168.7 ± 2.7)°, abduction and external rotation (72.6 ± 8.7)° compared with the pre-operation. Conclusions Significant difference between pre-operation and post-operation suggests that Arthroscopic Bankart repair is a good option for the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation without large glenoid bone loss and poor quality Ligament and joint capsule. Risk factors of recurrence should be evaluated before the surgery to reduce the recurrence rate of dislocation.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of thyroid ultrasound grading formulated by American Thyroid Association (ATA) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy in diagnosing benign and malignant thyroid nodules.Methods A retrospective analysis of 357 thyroid nodules in 342 patients underwent surgical excision or FNA biopsy after thyroid ultrasound was performed.All ultrasonograms were graded according to ATA diagnosis guideline for thyroid nodule versi on 2015.The diagnostic efficiency of ATA grading and FNA biopsy were evaluated comparing with postoperative pathological results.Results There were 248 of 357 thyroid nodules confirmed with postoperative pathology,including 233 malignant and 15 benign nodules.The diagnostic accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value of ATA guideline in diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules was 88.31％ (219/248),90.99％ (213/233),46.67％ (7/15),96.36％ (212/220)and 25.00％ (7/28),respectively,while of FNA biopsy was 98.81％ (83/84),100％ (75/75),88.89 ％ (8/9),98.68％ (75/76) and 100％ (8/8),respectively.The area under the curve (AUC) of ROC was 0.653 and 0.944 for ATA grading and FNA biopsy,respectively (Z=2.397,P=0.017).Conclusion ATA guideline has high diagnostic value in differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules,while FNA may be more effective in diagnosis of thyroid nodules.