Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in women in the Zhongguancun area of Beijing,and to evaluate the infection rates and genotype distribution between different populations and age groups.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on HPV genotyping results of 13,105 women who visited the gynecology outpatient department or underwent routine health check-ups at Zhongguancun Hospital from March 2019 to April 2024.High-risk HPV genotypes(15 types)were detected using a fluorescence PCR assay.Positive cases were classified as single,dual or multiple(≥3)infections based on the number of genotypes.Subjects were stratified into six age groups(≤30,31-40,41-50,51-60,61-70,and≥71 years),and the characteristics of infection by type and age group were analyzed.Results The overall HPV positivity rate was 10.78%(1,413/13,105),with a significantly higher rate in the outpatient group than that in the health check-up group(16.36%vs.6.06%,P<0.01).The three most prevalent genotypes were HPV52(18.83%),HPV58(13.85%),and HPV16(11.28%).Single infections accounted for 79.19%of cases,dual infections for 15.93%and multiple infections for 4.88%.Age distribution showed a U-shaped pattern,with higher infection rate in women aged≤30 years(15.06%)and 61-70 years(13.19%),and the lowest rate in the≥71 years(8.09%).Notably,women aged≤30 years had the highest proportion of multiple infections(31.72%).Conclusion These findings provide a basis for cervical cancer screening strategies,HPV vaccination promotion and individualized prevention of cervical cancer in this region.

Objective To explore the application value of CMR myocardial strain technique in eld-erly males with HCM.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 50 elderly male pa-tients who underwent CMR examination at the Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from April 2020 to December 2024.According to being diagnosed with HCM or not,they were divided into a HCM group(24 cases)and a control group(26 cases).Post-processing soft-ware CVI42 was used to obtain two sets of basic functional and strain parameters of the left ven-tricle(LV)and left atrium(LA).The parameters of LV included LV mass,LV mass index(LV massi),global longitudinal strain(GLS),and so on,while the parameters of LA included minimum LA volume(LAV),minimum LA volume index(LA VI),LA passive strain(εe),LA peak early negative strain rate(SRe)and LA peak late negative strain rate(SRa),etc.The two sets of LV and LA parameters of basic functional and strain were compared between the two groups.Results The HCM group had significant higher LV mass and LV massi and minimum LAV and LAVI,but lower GLS,εe,SRe and SRa in 2D and 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography than the control group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The AUC value of 2D GLS,SRa,and logistic regres-sion model in predicting HCM was 0.887(95％CI:0.766-0.959),0.740(95％CI:0.597-0.854),and 0.929(95％CI:0.820-0.983),respectively,with a sensitivity of 76.92％,57.69％,and 84.62％,and a specificity of 70.83％,83.33％,and 91.67％,respectively.The logistic regression model demonstrated higher AUC value,sensitivity,and specificity than 2D GLS and SRa.Conclusion CMR myocardial strain technology is of significant diagnostic value for elderly male patients with HCM.

Objective To develop a nomogram diagnostic model to differentiate peripheral small cell lung cancer(PSCLC)from peripheral lung adenocarcinoma(PADC)using clinical and multi spiral computed tomography features.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the CT characteristics and clinical presentations of 50 PSCLC and 100 PADC.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify significant features.A nomogram was constructed to quantify the influencing factors.The efficacy and clinical applicability of the model were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibration curve,and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results Smoking,neuron-specific enolase(NSE),smooth margin,spindle/branching shape,and lymphadenopathy were independent risk factors for PSCLC(P＜0.05),whereas rough margin and lobulation sign were independent risk factors for PADC(P＜0.05).The nomogram model demonstrated high diagnostic efficacy,and the calibration curve exhibited a good degree of calibration(Brier=0.079).The DCA indicated that the nomogram model possesses substantial clinical utility.Conclusion The nomogram model developed based on six indicators,including smoking,NSE≥17 ng/mL,margin characteristics,spindle/branching shape,lobulation sign,and lymphadenopathy can well distinguish PSCLC from PADC.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of common pathogens isolated from cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)in CHINET program from 2015 to 2021.Methods The bacterial strains isolated from CSF were identified in accordance with clinical microbiology practice standards.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted using Kirby-Bauer method and automated systems per the unified CHINET protocol.Results A total of 14 014 bacterial strains were isolated from CSF samples from 2015 to 2021,including the strains isolated from inpatients(95.3％)and from outpatient and emergency care patients(4.7％).Overall,19.6％of the isolates were from children and 80.4％were from adults.Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 68.0％and 32.0％,respectively.Coagulase negative Staphylococcus accounted for 73.0％of the total Gram-positive bacterial isolates.The prevalence of MRSA was 38.2％in children and 45.6％in adults.The prevalence of MRCNS was 67.6％in adults and 69.5％in children.A small number of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium(2.2％)and linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis(3.1％)were isolated from adult patients.The resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to ceftriaxone were 52.2％and 76.4％in children,70.5％and 63.5％in adults.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant E.coli and K.pneumoniae(CRKP)was 1.3％and 47.7％in children,6.4％and 47.9％in adults.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPA)was 74.0％and 37.1％in children,81.7％and 39.9％in adults.Conclusions The data derived from antimicrobial resistance surveillance are crucial for clinicians to make evidence-based decisions regarding antibiotic therapy.Attention should be paid to the Gram-negative bacteria,especially CRKP and CRAB in central nervous system(CNS)infections.Ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance is helpful for optimizing antibiotic use in CNS infections.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates from elderly patients(≥65 years)in major medical institutions across China.Methods Bacterial strains were isolated from elderly patients in 52 hospitals participating in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program during the period from 2015 to 2021.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out by disk diffusion method and automated systems according to the same CHINET protocol.The data were interpreted in accordance with the breakpoints recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)in 2021.Results A total of 514 715 nonduplicate clinical isolates were collected from elderly patients in 52 hospitals from January 1,2015 to December 31,2021.The number of isolates accounted for 34.3％of the total number of clinical isolates from all patients.Overall,21.8％of the 514 715 strains were gram-positive bacteria,and 78.2％were gram-negative bacteria.Majority(90.9％)of the strains were isolated from inpatients.About 42.9％of the strains were isolated from respiratory specimens,and 22.9％were isolated from urine.More than half(60.7％)of the strains were isolated from male patients,and 39.3％isolated from females.About 51.1％of the strains were isolated from patients aged 65-＜75 years.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains(MRSA)was 38.8％in 32 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus.No vancomycin-or linezolid-resistant strains were found.The resistance rate of E.faecalis to most antibiotics was significantly lower than that of Enterococcus faecium,but a few vancomycin-resistant strains(0.2％,1.5％)and linezolid-resistant strains(3.4％,0.3％)were found in E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible S.pneumoniae(PSSP),penicillin-intermediate S.pneumoniae(PISP),and penicillin-resistant S.pneumoniae(PRSP)was 94.3％,4.0％,and 1.7％in nonmeningitis S.pneumoniae isolates.The resistance rates of Klebsiella spp.(Klebsiella pneumoniae 93.2％)to imipenem and meropenem were 20.9％and 22.3％,respectively.Other Enterobacterales species were highly sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics.Only 1.7％-7.8％of other Enterobacterales strains were resistant to carbapenems.The resistance rates of Acinetobacter spp.(Acinetobacter baumannii 90.6％)to imipenem and meropenem were 68.4％and 70.6％respectively,while 28.5％and 24.3％of P.aeruginosa strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.Conclusions The number of clinical isolates from elderly patients is increasing year by year,especially in the 65-＜75 age group.Respiratory tract isolates were more prevalent in male elderly patients,and urinary tract isolates were more prevalent in female elderly patients.Klebsiella isolates were increasingly resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents,especially carbapenems.Antimicrobial resistance surveillance is helpful for accurate empirical antimicrobial therapy in elderly patients.

Objective To explore the effect of moxibustion on bone metabolism and the mechanism of bone protection,the effect of moxibustion,a traditional Chinese treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA),especially the levels of two biomarkers,interleukin 35(IL-35)and β-catenin in the serum of rheumatoid arthritis patients were investigated.Methods A total of 72 RA patients were randomly assigned equally to the treatment group(36 cases)and 36 patients each of the control group(36 cases).The control group was intervened with standardized Western medicine treatment.For the treatment group,moxibustion intervened on Zusanli,Shenshu,and Ashi acupoints three times a week for 5-week treatment,with the remaining treatments being the same as the control group.The clinical symptom-related scores,routine clinical test indicators,and serum IL-35,β-catenin,BMP-2,IL-1β contents of RA patients before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,VAS score,DAS28 score,morning stiffness score and BMP-2,β-catenin and IL-1β in serum in 2 groups significantly decreased(P<0.01),while IL-35 content in treatment group significantly increased(P<0.01).VAS score,DAS28 score,morning stiffness score and BMP-2,β-catenin and IL-1β in serum showed the obvious advantage of the treatment group over the control group(P<0.05),but the two groups(P>0.05)have no significant discrepancy in serum IL-35 content.For the treatment group,the improvement values of morning stiffness score and joint swelling number were positively correlated with the improvement values of BMP-2 and β-catenin in serum(P<0.01,P<0.05,r>0).The improvement of serum IL-35 was negatively correlated with the improvement of DAS28 score in the treatment group(P<0.05,r<0).Conclusion On the basis of conventional western medicine treatment,moxibustion may inhibit the levels of IL-35 and IL-1β in serum of RA patients,regulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,regulate the levels of β-catenin and BMP-2,reduce the inflammatory response of RA,regulate bone metabolism,and achieve the purpose of bone protection.Thus,bone and joint teratogenesis or disability in RA patients was prevented and delayed.

Objective To examine the changing prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Burkholderia cepacia in 52 hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021.Methods A total of 9 261 strains of B.cepacia were collected from 52 hospitals between January 1,2015 and December 31,2021.Antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains was tested using Kirby-Bauer method or automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems according to a unified protocol.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints released in the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)guidelines(2023 edition).Results A total of 9 261 strains of B.cepacia were isolated from all age groups,especially elderly patients.The proportion was 11.1％(1 032 strains)in children,significantly lower than the proportion in adults.About half(46.5％,4 310/9 261)of the strains were isolated from patients at least 60 years old and 42.3％(3 919/9 261)of the strains were isolated from young adults.Most isolates(71.1％)were isolated from sputum and respiratory secretions,followed by urine(10.7％)and blood samples(8.1％).B.cepacia isolates were highly susceptible to the five antimicrobial agents recommended in the CLSI M100 document(33rd edition,2023).B.cepacia isolates showed relatively higher resistance rates to meropenem and levofloxacin.However,the resistance rates to ceftazidime,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,and minocycline remained below 8.1％.The percentage of B.cepacia strains resistant to levofloxacin was the highest compared to other antibiotics in any of the three age groups(from 12.4％in the patients＜18 years old to 20.6％in the patients aged 60 years or older).Conclusions B.cepacia is one of the clinically important non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria.Accurate and timely reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility test results and ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance are helpful for rational prescription of antimicrobial agents and proper prevention and control of nosocomial infections.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in women in the Zhongguancun area of Beijing,and to evaluate the infection rates and genotype distribution between different populations and age groups.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on HPV genotyping results of 13,105 women who visited the gynecology outpatient department or underwent routine health check-ups at Zhongguancun Hospital from March 2019 to April 2024.High-risk HPV genotypes(15 types)were detected using a fluorescence PCR assay.Positive cases were classified as single,dual or multiple(≥3)infections based on the number of genotypes.Subjects were stratified into six age groups(≤30,31-40,41-50,51-60,61-70,and≥71 years),and the characteristics of infection by type and age group were analyzed.Results The overall HPV positivity rate was 10.78%(1,413/13,105),with a significantly higher rate in the outpatient group than that in the health check-up group(16.36%vs.6.06%,P<0.01).The three most prevalent genotypes were HPV52(18.83%),HPV58(13.85%),and HPV16(11.28%).Single infections accounted for 79.19%of cases,dual infections for 15.93%and multiple infections for 4.88%.Age distribution showed a U-shaped pattern,with higher infection rate in women aged≤30 years(15.06%)and 61-70 years(13.19%),and the lowest rate in the≥71 years(8.09%).Notably,women aged≤30 years had the highest proportion of multiple infections(31.72%).Conclusion These findings provide a basis for cervical cancer screening strategies,HPV vaccination promotion and individualized prevention of cervical cancer in this region.

ObjectivePhotoacoustic pump-probe imaging can effectively eliminate the interference of blood background signal in traditional photoacoustic imaging, and realize the imaging of weak phosphorescence molecules and their triplet lifetimes in deep tissues. However, background differential noise in photoacoustic pump-probe imaging often leads to large fitting results of phosphorescent molecule concentration and triplet lifetime. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel triplet lifetime fitting method for photoacoustic pump-probe imaging. By extracting the phase of the triplet differential signal and the background noise, the fitting bias caused by the background noise can be effectively corrected. MethodsThe advantages and feasibility of the proposed algorithm are verified by numerical simulation, phantom and in vivo experiments, respectively. ResultsIn the numerical simulation, under the condition of noise intensity being 10% of the signal amplitude, the new method can optimize the fitting deviation from 48.5% to about 5%, and has a higher exclusion coefficient (0.88>0.79), which greatly improves the fitting accuracy. The high specificity imaging ability of photoacoustic pump imaging for phosphorescent molecules has been demonstrated by phantom experiments. In vivo experiments have verified the feasibility of the new fitting method proposed in this paper for fitting phosphoometric lifetime to monitor oxygen partial pressure content during photodynamic therapy of tumors in nude mice. ConclusionThis work will play an important role in promoting the application of photoacoustic pump-probe imaging in biomedicine.

Objective To investigate the effect of nursing intervention based on Kano model on surgical outcomes and negative emotions in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR).Methods A to-tal of 262 DR patients who underwent vitrectomy were randomly divided into control group(n=131)and observation group(n=131)using the random number table method.The control group received routine nursing intervention,while the observation group received nursing intervention based on the Kano model.The surgical outcomes[visual acuity level and improvement in visual function],nursing needs[Perioperative Nursing Needs Questionnaire for DR Surgical Patients],negative emotions[Self-Rat-ing Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)],and quality of life[Chinese Version of Low Vision Quality of Life Scale(CLVQOL)]were compared between the two groups.The incidence of complications during the intervention period was also recorded in both groups.Results After interven-tion,the visual acuity levels in both groups increased compared to those before intervention,and the rates of low vision decreased(P＜0.001).The visual acuity level in the observation group was high-er,and the rate of low vision was lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.001).After intervention,the scores for peripheral visual field,sensory adaptation,and limitations in daily activities decreased in both groups compared to those before intervention,and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).After intervention,the SAS and SDS scores in both groups decreased compared to those before interven-tion,and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.001).After intervention,the CLVQOL scores in both groups increased compared to those before the intervention,and the score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.001).The incidence of complications in the control group was higher than that in the obser-vation group(12.22％versus 4.58％,P＜0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the Kano model can improve visual acuity level,visual function,and negative emotions,enhance the quality of life,and further reduce the incidence of complications in DR patients undergoing vitrectomy.