OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of moxibustion (Mox) combined with low-dose tadalafil (TAD) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) with the syndrome of Qi deficiency and blood stasis. METHODS: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 90 patients with DMED for this trial and equally randomized them into a Mox, a TAD, and a Mox combined with TAD (Mox+TAD) group to be treated by mild Mox applied to the acupoints Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Yinlingquan qd alt, oral medication with low-dose TAD at 5 mg per dose qd, and combination of the above two therapies, respectively, all for 4 weeks. We obtained from the patients their IIEF-5 scores, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms scores, Erectile Hardness Scale (EHS) scores, corpus cavernosal hemodynamic indexes, and the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistance index (RI) of the corpus cavernosal arteries before and after treatment, and compared them among the three groups. RESULTS: The total effectiveness rate was significantly higher in the Mox+TAD (90.0%) than in the Mox (46.7%) and TAD groups (60.0%) (P< 0.05). Compared with the baseline, the IIEF-5 and EHS scores were increased, while the TCM symptoms scores decreased in all the three groups after treatment, more significantly in the Mox+TAD group than in the other two (P< 0.05). And the PSV and RI were remarkably increased, while the EDV decreased (P< 0.05) in all the three groups (P< 0.05) after treatment, with PSV even higher in the Mox+TAD than in the Mox and TAD groups (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION Moxibustion combined with tadalafil has a definite efficacy and safety for the treatment of DMED, which can effectively improve the erectile function of the patients by increasing penile blood supply, benefiting qi and activating blood circulation.
Humans ; Male ; Tadalafil ; Erectile Dysfunction/etiology* ; Moxibustion ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Adult ; Carbolines/administration & dosage* ; Diabetes Complications/therapy* ; Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Combined Modality Therapy

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality based on the 10-year population-based multicenter prospective study. METHODS: A general population-based multicenter prospective study was conducted at four sites in rural China between 2013 and 2023. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to assess the association between BMI and mortality. Stratified analyses were performed based on the individual characteristics of the participants. RESULTS: Overall, 19,107 participants with a sum of 163,095 person-years were included and 1,910 participants died. The underweight (< 18.5 kg/m ²) presented an increase in all-cause mortality (adjusted hazards ratio [ aHR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.66-2.41), while overweight (≥ 24.0 to < 28.0 kg/m ²) and obesity (≥ 28.0 kg/m ²) presented a decrease with an aHR of 0.61 (95% CI: 0.52-0.73) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.37-0.70), respectively. Overweight ( aHR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67-0.86) and mild obesity ( aHR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59-0.87) had a positive impact on mortality in people older than 60 years. All-cause mortality decreased rapidly until reaching a BMI of 25.7 kg/m ² ( aHR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98) and increased slightly above that value, indicating a U-shaped association. The beneficial impact of being overweight on mortality was robust in most subgroups and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION This study provides additional evidence that overweight and mild obesity may be inversely related to the risk of death in individuals older than 60 years. Therefore, it is essential to consider age differences when formulating health and weight management strategies.
Humans ; Body Mass Index ; China/epidemiology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Rural Population/statistics & numerical data* ; Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; Adult ; Mortality ; Cause of Death ; Obesity/mortality* ; Overweight/mortality*

Bone grafting is a primary method for treating bone defects. Among various graft materials, xenogeneic bone substitutes are widely used in clinical practice due to their abundant sources, convenient processing and storage, and avoidance of secondary surgeries. With the advancement of domestic production and the limitations of imported products, an increasing number of bone filling or grafting substitute materials isentering clinical trials. Relevant experts have drafted this consensus to enhance the management of medical device clinical trials, protect the rights of participants, and ensure the scientific and effective execution of trials. It summarizes clinical experience in aspects, such as design principles, participant inclusion/exclusion criteria, observation periods, efficacy evaluation metrics, safety assessment indicators, and quality control, to provide guidance for professionals in the field.
Humans ; Bone Substitutes/therapeutic use* ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods* ; Consensus ; Bone Transplantation ; Research Design

ObjectiveTo analyze the evolutionary characteristics and genetic variations of the HA (hemagglutinin) and NA (neuraminidase) genes of influenza A(H1N1) viruses in Shanghai during 2024, to investigate their transmission patterns, and to evaluate their potential impact on vaccine effectiveness. MethodsFrom January to October 2024, throat swab specimens were collected from influenza like illness (ILI) patients at 4 hospitals in Shanghai. Real-time fluorescence ploymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for virus detection and isolation of H1N1 influenza viruses. Forty influenza A(H1N1) virus strains were sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform, followed by phylogenetic analyses, genetic distance analysis, and amino acid variation analyses of HA and NA genes. ResultsPhylogenetic tree of the HA and NA genes revealed that the 40 influenza A(H1N1) virus strains circulating in Shanghai in 2024 exhibited no significant geographic clustering, with a broad origin of strains and complex transmission chains. Genetic distance analyses demonstrated that the average intra-group genetic distances of HA and NA genes among the Shanghai strains were 0.005 1±0.000 6 and 0.004 6±0.000 6, respectively, which were comparable to or higher than those observed in global surveillance strains. Both HA and NA genes displayed frequent mutations. Compared to the 2023‒2024 and 2024‒2025 Northern Hemisphere A(H1N1) vaccine strains (WHO-recommended), the HA proteins of 40 Shanghai strains exhibited amino acid substitutions at positions 120, 137, 142, 169, 216, 223, 260, 277, 356 and 451, with critical mutations at positions 137 and 142 located within the Ca2 antigenic determinant. Furthermore, mutations in the NA protein were observed at positions 13, 50, 200, 257, 264, 339 and 382. ConclusionThe genetic background of the 2024 Shanghai influenza A(H1N1) virus strains is complex and diverse, and antigenic variation may affect vaccine effectiveness. Therefore, it is recommended to enhance genomic surveillance of influenza viruses, evaluate vaccine suitability, and implement more targeted prevention and control strategies against imported influenza viruses.

Nitrogen dioxide(NO 2)is a prevalent air pollutant that poses significant threats to the environment and human health,emphasizing the urgent need for high-performance NO 2 sensors for effective environmental monitoring at room temperature.Sensors based on metal halide perovskites have emerged as promising candidates for gas detection at room temperature,but their long-term stability remains a major challenge.In this study,a methylamine thiocyanate(MT)-doped FA 0.8Cs 0.2PbI 2Br(PVK)gas sensor(MT-PVK)was prepared using a simple one-step spin-coating method and ethyl acetate(EA)anti-solvent extraction technique.The crystalline structure,chemical composition,and particle morphology of the MT-PVK thin film were characterized.The MT-PVK thin film was then utilized as a gas sensor for NO 2 detection at room temperature.The results demonstrated that the sensor exhibited outstanding selectivity and reversibility at low concentrations of NO 2 gas,with a detection limit as low as 33 ppb(10-9,nL/L).For 10 ppm(10-6,μL/L)NO 2,the sensor showed rapid response and recovery time of only 1.6 s and 27 s,outperforming most traditional metal oxide NO 2 sensors.Furthermore,compared to the original PVK,the MT molecules significantly enhanced the structural and sensing stability of the MT-PVK sensor under high humidity conditions(55%±5%).These findings suggested that MT-doped FA 0.8Cs 0.2PbI 2Br perovskite gas sensors offered a promising pathway for the development of rapid-response gas sensing technologies suitable for room temperature operation.

Objective To investigate the antitumor effects of triptolide against CT26 colon cancer and its impact on the expression of Polo-like kinase-1(PLK-1)protein.Methods Forty clean grade BALB/c mice,each mouse was implanted with 1×106 CT26 cells into the dorsal side of the right forelimb to establish a tumor-bearing mouse model.Experimental animals were randomly divided into four groups,the tumor model group(saline control),the positive drug group[oxaliplatin,5 mg/(kg·d)],the low-dose triptolide group[50 μg/(kg·/d)],and the high-dose triptolide group[100 μg/(kg·d)].The drugs were administered through intraperitoneal injection(10 times in total,once every other day).The in vitro effects of the drugs on the proliferation,migration,invasion,and mitosis of CT26 cells were also assessed.Results Triptolide significantly inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of CT26 colon cancer cells,and disrupted the separation of centrosomes and the correct arrangement of chromosomes during the prophase of mitosis in tumor cells.The binding energy of triptolide and PLK-1 protein was-7.1 kcal/mol,and it could down-regulate the expression of PLK-1 in CT26 cells.Conclusion Triptolide exerts its antitumor effects against CT26 colon cancer by downregulating the expression of PLK-1.

Pharmaceutical cocrystals is an advanced technology to improve the physicochemical and biological properties of drugs. However, there are few studies on the in vivo metabolism of pharmaceutical cocrystals. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of wogonin cocrystal in normal rats was further studied on the basis of the previous preparation of wogonin-aloperine cocrystal. Firstly, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was established for simultaneous determination of wogonin and its metabolite wogonoside in rat plasma, and to investigate the methodology. The method was applied to the pharmacokinetic study of wogonin-aloperine cocrystal (Wog-Alop) in rats. The results showed that wogonin and its metabolite wogonoside had a good linear relationship in the range of 1-800 ng·mL^-1, and the precision, accuracy, matrix effect and stability in this range met the requirements of biological analysis. Compared with direct administration of wogonin, the C_max of wogonin and its metabolite in rats increased to 7.44-fold and 9.15-fold, AUC_0-t increased to 1.67-fold and 3.72-fold, and oral bioavailability of wogonin increased to 187.66% after cocrystal administration. Wog-Alop cocrystal can significantly improve the C_max, AUC, and oral bioavailability of wogonin and its metabolite, which provides a new perspective for the clinical application of wogonin. This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Review Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (approval number: BUCM-2023032307-1148).

This article summarizes and organizes relevant publications in journals, along with a review of medical history, systematically summarizing the development process of dental alveolar surgery in China. The initial establishment phase (1935—1952) marked the starting point of Chinese Alveolar Surgery. Despite the impact of wars, it laid the foundation for subsequent research and practice. During the early development phase (1953—1966), the "Chinese Journal of Stomatology" was founded, which promoted the development of Alveolar Surgery. Research focused on tooth extraction methods and complications. Tooth Transplantation and Preprosthetic Surgery gradually began to take off. The stagnant phase (1967—1977) occurred due to the interruption of international exchanges, leading to an almost complete halt in the development of Alveolar Surgery. Entering the rapid catch-up phase (1978—1985), Alveolar Surgery scholars in China began striving to overcome the stagnation of the previous decade. While some progress was made, no significant innovative achievements emerged. In the scientific development phase (1986—2010), clinical research, basic experiments, and paper writing in modern Chinese Alveolar Surgery began to adhere to scientific standards with the rise of experimental medicine. The exploration and innovation stage (2011—2023) is the current development phase, during which Chinese Aveolar Surgery has reached its peak, making substantial progress in technology, clinical practices, and basic research, gradually reaching or even surpassing international advanced levels. Looking back at the development history in China, we can find the wisdom and hard work of the older generation of Alveolar Surgery scholars. However, contemporary challenges and issues, such as standardizing technology, promoting clinical practices, and talent cultivation, need to be addressed by present-day Alveolar Surgery professionals as they forge ahead.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of endothelin-1(ET-1)on atrial fibrosis in Atrial fibrillation(AF)rats.Methods Fourteen adult male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control(NC)group and Atrial fibrillation(AF)group.The rat model of Atrial fibrillation was established by injecting 0.1 ml/100g CaCl2-Ach mixture into the tail vein once a day for one week.The control group was injected with the same dose of normal saline.An electrocardiogram of normal or atrial fibrillation was recorded on the first day and the eighth day in each group,and echocardiography was used to monitor atrial size and cardiac function.The fibrosis of atrial was observed using Masson and HE staining.The expression of endothelin-1(ET-1),collagen-I(Col-I),transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and the store operated calcium channel(SOCC)protein Orai1,stromal in-teraction molecule 1(STIM1)in atrial tissue were detected by Western blot.HL-1 cells were cultured and treated with gradient concentration of ET-1 for 24 hours.Western blot was used to observe changes in the expression of TGF-β,Orai1 and STIM1 proteins in ET-1/SOCC/TGF-β signaling pathway of HL-1 cells.Small interfering RNA(siRNA)transfection method was used to knock down the expression of Orai1 in HL-1 cells,then the cells were treated with appropriate concentrations of ET-1 for 24 hours,and the expression of TGF-β protein in HL-1 cells was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the control group,echocardiography showed a significant in-crease in left atrial diameter(LAD)of the heart in atrial fibrillation rats(P<0.05).The HE and Masson staining results showed significant fibrosis in the myocardial tissue of AF group rats(P<0.05),and the Western blot re-sults indicated the expression of ET-1,Orai1,STIM1,TGF-β and COL-Ⅰ in the myocardial tissue of AF group significantly increased compared to the NC group(P<0.05).After ET-1 treatment of HL-1 cells,the protein ex-pression of Orai1,STIM1and TGF-β increased(P<0.05),while knocking down Orai1 in HL-1 cells,ET-1 treat-ment no longer caused the expression of TGF-β a significant upregulation.Conclusion AF caused by atrial fibril-lation results in a significant increase in ET-1 expression in atrial tissue,and ET-1/SOCC/TGF-β signal pathway promotes atrial fibrillation and fibrosis.